• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.249-254
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study is the developement of real time automatic incline measurement using high accuracy digital datalogger for safety and maintence of railway construction sites. For the replacement of current 16 bit analog/digital converter, Digital datalogger system using 24 bit analog/digital converter is studied for the first time with in a country. Therefore data communication method and analyzing program of automatic measurement data is developed for the automatic high accuracy digital datalogge system. The results of this study will be using real time automatic incline measurement of railway structures.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2010

The escape connecting gallery in a tunnel on a road is one of emergency equipment to ensure safety for passer in the tunnel against the tunnel fire. Government stipulate over 500m tunnel has the cross passage at intervals of less then 250 m. However, this lump estimated interval is generated the concerns of exaggeration and under construction because peculiarity of the tunnel ex. The velocity of the tunnel airflow, an incline, degree of a fire, and innering area are not considered. The study indicate the way to estimate of the cross passage considered an incline and the velocity of the tunnel airflow for efficient application of cross passage on the tunnel design. As a result, in 0.0 m/s and 1.0 m/s of the velocity of the tunnel airflow case, the movement of smoke is influenced by the incline however, in 20 m/s case, it isn't influenced by incline much. According to the velocity of tunnel airflow and the incline, optimum interval of cross passage is not corresponded. Therefore established lump estimate that has 250 m intervals would be changed to estimate of optimum interval of cross passage that considered about the properties of tunnel, the velocity of the tunnel airflow, incline, degree of a fire and innering area of the tunnel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2013.05a
• /
• pp.1395-1396
• /
• 2013

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.591-598
• /
• 2009

This paper studies the relations between ideals, filters, regular congruences and normal congruences in inclines. It is shown that for any incline, there are a one-to-one correspondence between all ideals and all regular congruences and a one-to-one correspondence between all filters and all normal congruences.

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.208-211
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 필기체 한글 문자를 인식하기 위하여 한글 문자구조를 6개 기본구조로 분류한다. 각각의 한글 자음과 모음을 7-세크먼트, '/'(Left-Incline), '$\backslash$'(Right-Incline), '-'(Left-Right), '$\mid$'(UP-Down), 'c'(Circle), 'ㄱ'(Right-down), 'ㄴ'(Down-Right) 분리한다. 분리된 7-세크먼트에 대해 한글이 쓰여지는 위치에 따라 8개의 기본구조로 정의하여 세크먼트를 분리하여 레벨화한다. 따라서 본 연구는 문자를 자소(자음과모음)로 하여 7-세크먼트로 분리하는 필기체 자소분리 구조를 제시한다.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.155-171
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for a form of gait by comparing and analyzing gait motions on different grades and speeds. In order to accomplish the purpose, 6 university students, whose ages between 20 - 25, were selected. They have gaited on 3Km/h, 4Km/h, 5Km/h of speed and 4 video cameras were used to film them. The speed of filming was 60 frame / seconds. The special variations of kinematics in gait were fixed with ankle joint angle, knee joint angle, hip joint angle, ankle angular velocity, knee angular velocity and hip angular velocity. In this study, the SPSS 10.0 for windows statistical package was used to operate on significant level of .05 for statistical management. From the result of this study, we have succeeded to obtain following conclusions; 1. As the speed increased, the value of ankle joint angle increased. Also the value of ankle joint angle was larger on decline than on incline. 2. As the speed increased, the value of knee joint angle was increased. 3. As the speed increased, the value of hip joint angle was decreased. 4. As the speed increased, the value of ankle angular velocity increased. And the value of ankle angular velocity became higher on decline than on incline. 5. The value of knee angular velocity showed higher on decline than on incline. 6. As the speed increased, the value of hip angular velocity was increased. Also the value of hip angular velocity became higher on incline than on decline.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.177-186
• /
• 2013

PURPOSES: The purpose of this study theoretically reviews vertical grade deriving process in super high speed environment and compares overseas design criteria with Domestic Standardization also draws suitable vertical grade design criteria of high standard for Domestic Circumstances in Korea. METHODS : By researching domestic vehicle registration status, calculating typical vehicle, using Vissim which is traffic simulation program, Speed-distance curve of the vehicle is derived under each design speed condition. Through Speed-distance curve, estimating critical length of grade and considering critical length of grade, maximum longitudinal incline is proposed. RESULTS : The result of domestic vehicle registration status, the typical vehicle for deriving vertical grade is calculated based on gravity horsepower ratio 200 lb/hp. For calculating critical length of grade, according to change speed of uphill entry, speed-distance curve is derived by using Vissim. Critical length of grade is calculated based on design speed 20 km/h criteria which is point of retardation. Estimated critical length of grade is 808 m and based on this result, maximum longitudinal incline was confirmed in the design speed between 130km/h to 140km/h. CONCLUSIONS: The case of the typical vehicle(truck) which is gravity horsepower ratio 200 lb/hp, maximum longitudinal incline 2% is desirable at the super high speed environment in the design speed between 130km/h to 140km/h.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was investigated of effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with mirror therapy on static balance, weight support and ankle movement incline with chronic stroke patients. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty chronic stroke patients participated in this study. The study design is a two-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 30 people participated in the study, and 15 people were each assigned to the experimental group and control group. Experimental group received neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with mirror therapy 30 minutes, and conventional physical therapy 30 minutes. Control group received conventional physical therapy 30 minutes. Both groups were conducted 5 times a week for 4 weeks. static balance and weight support was measured by force plate and ankle movement incline was measured by goniometer. Results: As a result of comparing the static balance, weight support and ankle movement incline change between experimental group and control group, statistically significant differences were found in all variables (p<.05). In the evaluation before and after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in all variables in the experimental group (p<.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in the control group (p>.05). Conclusion: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with mirror therapy intervention improves static balance, increase paretic side weight support and ankle movement incline in chronic stroke patients. It could be an effective intervention for improve static balance, weight support and ankle movement for chronic stroke patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.341-349
• /
• 2001

Heat distortion of the non-contacting mechanical face seal is affected by friction heat between primary seal and seal sheet. The fluid or gas in mechanical face seal maintains operating gap, cooling friction heat and lubricates at the face of seal. So we designed face of seal for inclined face. inclined face of seal improves fluid or gas flow at the face of seal and it increases circumferential velocity at outer radius of the seal so temperature of the seal is decreased by low heat transfer coefficient at there. In this paper, inclined face seal are analysed numerically using finite element method for proof improve inclined face seal performance. Angle of the incline face used for FEA is from 50$^{\circ}$to 90$^{\circ}$and for explaining the effects of inclined face in seal, we get temperature, face distortion, and stress in the seal with variable operating gap and rotating speeds. Result of analysis shows that angle of the incline face is 60$^{\circ}$come to good thermal distortion characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.553-558
• /
• 2004

Periodic profiling by level is a conventional method for monitoring topographic changes in a specific part of tidal zone. Periodic aerial photographs are used for monitoring topographic change of broad tidal zone area. In this study, spot heights at interval of 50m on 5 profiling lines were leveled periodically for precise monitoring topographic change of tidal zone. For monitoring broad topographic change of tidal zone, aerial photographs were also taken by film camera loaded on pilotless helicopter periodically Periodic profiling shows the change of heights on the lines well. On the other hand, aerial photographs taken by film camera loaded on pilotless helicopter have some problems to detect topographic change of tidal zone precise. Because the scale and incline of the photographs were not same, it is hard to compare them. Therefore, for more precise monitoring of topographic changes in tidal zone, it is need to take aerial pictures with same scale and same incline.