• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.115-122
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• 2018

Noonan syndrome is characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, and congenital heart disease. It is a congenital genetic disorder with a prevalence of between 1/1,000 and 1/2,500 in both genders. An 11-year-old boy with Noonan syndrome visited the hospital with an ectopically positioned tooth. A pulmonary stenosis was diagnosed and his growth and development were delayed. In many cases of this diseases there is obvious hemostasis, which he was not experiencing. His facial appearance showed characteristic features of Noonan syndrome. The patient showed a dental class II relationship, labioversion of the upper anterior teeth, and a shallow overbite. Radiographic examination revealed that the upper right canine was ectopically positioned, which led to root resorption of the upper right lateral incisor. A lateral cephalometric radiograph revealed a craniofacial pattern that was within normal limits. Surgical opening and button attachment on the impacted upper right canine were performed and traction was applied on the impacted tooth using a removable appliance. This patient was mildly affected by Noonan syndrome and showed some dental problems. However, few studies have reported the oral characteristics of Noonan syndrome despite its high incidence. Thus, this case report describes the oral features and management of Noonan syndrome.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.298-304
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• 2009

XLH (X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets) is a form of rickets which is resistant to the usual dose of vitamin D and inherited in a X-linked dominant manner. It is also known as vitamin D-resistant rickets or familial hypophosphatemic rickets. Here we report a 6-year-and-6-month-old female patient of XLH who is diagnosed with in SNUB. She was referred from local clinic for impaction of maxillary left permanent incisor and its treatment. She presents bowing deformities of the legs, short stature, enlargement of wrist and ankles and spontaneous dental abscesses of clinically sound teeth delayed eruption, taurodontism, delayed apical closure, enlarged pulp chambers, and absent or poorly defined lamina dura. The purpose of this case is to review the literatures of XLH and report the dental and medical characteristics of this patient.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 1999

The use of composite restorative materials is established due to continuing improvements in the materials and restorative techniques. Composite resins are widely used for the restoration of cervical lesions because of esthetics, good physical properties and working time. There are several types of cavity design for class V composite resin filling, but inappropriate cavity form may affect bonding failure, microleakage and fracture during mastication. Cavity preparations for composite materials should be as conservative as possible. The extent of the preparation is usually determined by the size, shape, and location of the defect. The design of the cavity preparation to receive a composite restoration may vary depending on several factors. In this study, 5 types of class V cavity were prepared on each maxillary central incisor. The types are; 1) V-shape, 2) round(U) shape, 3) box form, 4) box form with incisal bevel and 5) box form with incisal bevel and grooves for axial line angles. After restoration, in order to observe the concentration of stress at bonding surfaces of teeth and restorations, developing a 2-dimensional finite element model of labiopalatal section in tooth, surrounding bone, periodontal ligament and gingiva, based on the measurements by Wheeler, loading force from direction of 45 degrees from lingual side near the incisal edge was applied. This study analysed Von Mises stress with SuperSap finite element analysis program(Algor Interactive System, Inc.). The results were as follows : 1. Stress concentration was prevalent at tooth-resin bonding surface of cervical side on each model. 2. In model 2 without line angle, stress was distributed evenly. 3. Preparing bevel eliminated stress concentration much or less at line angle. 4. Model with round-shape distributed stress concentration more evenly than box-type model with sharp line angle, therefore decreased possibility of fracture. 5. Adding grooves to line angles had no effect of decreasing stress concentration to the area.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2010

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in tooth mobility following orthodontic treatment and to obtain information regarding the guideline of retainer wear duration during the post-treatment period. Methods: The sample consisted of twenty patients who had been treated with edgewise appliances. The mobility of the maxillary teeth from the central incisor to the first molar was measured bilaterally by way of the $Periotest^{(R)}$, a non-invasive, electronic device that provides an objective measurement of the reaction of the periodontium to a defined impact load. Tooth mobility was monitored at the time of the removal of the orthodontic appliances and subsequently at three-month intervals during the two years following appliance removal. Results: Tooth mobility decreased rapidly for the first six months and then decreased at a slower rate during the next six months; no statistically significant decrease in mobility was observed during the second year following appliance removal. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that adequate tooth stabilization is critical during the first six months following appliance removal and that continued wearing of retainers is recommended at least until twelve months after the completion of orthodontic treatment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.264-274
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• 2016

It is a trend that carbonated drink intake among adolescents is increasing, which makes young people more vulnerable to dental erosion. However, in Korea, public knowledge about dental erosion is very insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental erosion and to assess its risk indicators among 13-15 years old students in Yangsan, Korea. A total of 1,371 adolescents were examined by one calibrated clinician. Dental erosion was assessed by using the Visual Erosion Dental Examination system. Correlation between their dietary habit, oral hygiene and dental erosion was assessed. The data showed that 676 (49.3%) adolescents had dental erosion. The prevalence of dental erosion was significantly higher in females than in males. The prevalence of tooth erosion in mandible is higher than in maxilla. Dental erosion was generalized to develop mostly on anterior teeth, especially lateral incisor, however, the severity score was highest in canines. Following questionnaire analysis, dental erosion was significantly associated with milk and flavored milk. No other associations were detected. The prevalence of dental erosion in this study is higher than those of previous reports. On the contrary to previously reported studies, the prevalence of dental erosion in females is higher than in males.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.717-721
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• 2006

Premature loss of maxillary primary incisors often results from early childhood caries (ECC), trauma. While space maintenance in the posterior region is an important consideration when there is early loss of primary molars, the anterior segment appears to be stable, even with the early loss of several incisors, once the primary canines erupt. However, collapse of anterior arch integrity is evident in cases where incisor teeth are in a crowded dentition prior to extraction or lost before the eruption of the primary canines. So, when early loss of maxillary primary incisors, the aim of restoration is esthetics, speech problem, oral habit such as tongue thrusting than space maintenance. This paper reports that the esthetic problem due to premature loss of maxillary incisors can be successfully resolved by soldered open-faced stainless steel crown.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.344-350
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• 2000

Incidence of crown-root fracture due to traumatic injury, have been reported 3% in the permanent dentiton, 2% in the deciduous dentition. There are two treatment methods for crown-root fractured teeth with pulp exposure, when the fracture line was located under the alveolar crest. One way is the extrusion by orthodontic force the other way is intra-alveolar transplantation which occlusally repositioning of apical fragment in the alveolar socket. Since intra-alveolar transplantation has introduced in 1970s, it was practiced as alternative to orthodontic extrusion. As the result, this method may thoughted that had a good prognosis. As a result of trauma, completely crown-root fracture was occured in the maxillary right central incisor in this case. We couldn't reposition the deepest fracture line above the alveolar crest by the conventional surgical extrusion, because apical fragment was too short. Thus, after extraction of apical fragment, we repositioned it to the socket following demineralized freezed dried bone graft, which possible to support the apical fragment. At the 15-month recall examination, the root still showed normal mobility and there was not observed any in flammatory or replacement root resorption in the periapical radiograph.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.305-312
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• 2008

Crown-root fractures occur throughout both crown and root, and are defined as fractures involving enamel, dentin and cementum. The fractures may be grouped according to pulpal involvement into complicated and uncomplicated one. Crown-root fractures often occur on maxillary anterior teeth and comprise 5% of injuries affecting the permanent dentition and 2% in the primary dentition. To restore crown-root fractured tooth, biologic width must be maintained. For maintaining biologic width, such methods as gingivectomy following osteoplasty or orthodontic extrusion or surgical extrusion are available. Surgical extrusion is a method that extracts the tooth and replants the fractured tooth supragingivally. It is indicated when the length of the crown fragment is less than half the length of the clinical root. In these cases, root canal treatment and crown restoration using light-cured composite resin were performed after surgical extrusion. In following periodic examinations, favorable outcome was observed.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.313-318
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• 2008

Dens invaginatus is a rare malformation resulting from invagination of the enamel before calcification has occurred. It is mostly found in permanent maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular teeth are rarely affected by this anomaly. The malformation is estimated to affect between 0.04 % and 10 % of people and has been associated with other abnormalities such as taurodontism, microdontia, gemination and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Dens invaginatus is classified in three types with respect to the depth of invaginatus and has a broad spectrum of morphologic variations. Invagination frequently allows the entry of irritants and microorganism, which usually lead to caries, pulp infection and pulp necrosis. Root canal treatment on such invaginatus tooth may present severe problems because of its complex anatomy of the tooth. Therefore, the early diagnosis of such malformation is crucial and preventive approach is strongly recommended.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.1 s.54
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• pp.33-41
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• 1996

Retrostpective study of two groups of patients was conducted to evaluate the physiologic drift of the mandibular teeth following the extraction of four first premolars. The concept of physiologic drift, commonly referred to as 'driftodontics', following first premolar extractions has been gaining acceptance in the orthodontic community, the exact nature and amount of drift has not been adequately documented. There were also no guide lines as to when drift should be allowed to now. The purpose of this study was to quantify physiologic drift of the untreated mandibular dentition following extraction of the four first premolars during the early permanent and late permanent dentition stages. The early permanent dentition extraction sample(Group 1) included 26 Patients and the mean age at pretreatment was approximately 13.5 years. The observation period following extraction was approximately 6.96 months. The late permanent dentition extraction sample(Group 2) included 31 patients. The mean age at pretreatment was 21.3 years, followed by a observation period of 7.26 months. During the observation period, except for the extractions, no other mandibular therapy was rendered. Pre-and post-treatment lateral cephalograms and dental casts were analyzed. The obtained results were as follows 1. Group 2 showed marked changes in movements of the mandibular incisors and canines but minimal changes in molars. 2. The amount of changes in movements of the mandibular incisors and canines were significantly greater in Group 1 than in Group 2. The results showed no differences in rates of molar movements between groups. 3. Physiologic drift of the dentition produced desirable changes such as decreased Incisor Irregularity.