• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2001

The effects of enzymatic treatment of recycled fiber were investigated to obtain the basic informations which can be used to improve the papermaking properties of recycled fiber. The recycled fibers were prepared by the repeated handsheet making and disintegrating of hardwood of hardwood and softwood kraft pulp. Novozym 342, Dinimax and Pulpzyme HC were used for enzymatic treatment. The change of fiber length distribution, freeness, contact angle and crystallinity of pulp were measured. The brightness, opacity, breaking and tear index of paper were also measured. The enzymatic treatment decreased long fiber fraction of recycled hardwood fiber, but increased long fiber fraction of recycled softwood fiber. Freeness was decreased with 0.1% enzyme and then increased again with the increase of th enzyme dosage. The improvement of flexibility of recycled fiber was obtained through the decrease of contact angle that is resulted from the decrease of crystallinity of fiber. Brightness and opacity were affected by the type of pulp and enzyme, and dosage of enzyme. Breaking length of recycled hardwood fiber was improved with enzyme treatment, but breaking length of recycled softwood fiber was decreased except for 0.01% Pulpzyme treatment. Tear index was decreased with enzymatic treatment and the lowest decrease was observed with the treatment to Pulpzyme.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.61-67
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• 1997

Hardened layer and compressive residual stress created by carburized treatment effect on bending strength of gear massively. Also, shot peening treatment improves the strength of carburized gear as it does the hardness and residual stress of surface layer. In these days shot peening techniques are welcomed as one of physical improvement ways around the surface of materials. It is used widely because qualitative analysis of shot peening has become possible and surface treatment can be done with very little costs comparaed to other surface improvement methods. Therefore this study investigates the effect of shot peening in surface shape and bending fatigue strength after doing many kinds of shot peening treatments, then doing fatigue test and also explained characteristics of shot peening gear.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the sense of improvement and satisfaction from 7 cases of herniated lumbar disc patients which was treated with spine decompression&chuna. Methods: Each patient has been treated with spine decompression and chuna treatment. The degree of improvement has been evaluated by VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) and ODI(Oswestry Disability Index) score starting from the day of admission, after 1week, and 2weeks. Results and Conclusions: Through the result, spine decompression and chuna treatment proved to have valid effect for Herniated Lumbar Disc. and there needs more clinical studies into synergy between spine decompression and Chuna treatment.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2010

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the quality of life and amount of stress after the treatment among the patients who visited hospital due to traffic accident. Methods : We evaluated 40 patients who have been treated by western medicine for 3 months but showed no improvements. We surveyed VNRS, SF-36 and IES-R-K scores before treatment began and treated patients twice a week for 4 weeks with acupuncture, chuna theraphy, herbal medicine. After 4 weeks of treatment, we surveyed VNRS, SF-36 and IES-R-K scores again and compared with the scores of before treatment. Results : VNRS score and SF-36 scale and IES-R-K scale showed significant improvement after the treatment, compared to the treatment before. Conclusions : The amount of pain and stress, physical condition, all showed improvement among the patients who came to Oriental medicine hospital due to traffic accident.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mat activities in PNF on improvement of balance performance in stroke patients. Methods : Included 12 persons with stroke who were living in the community. They participated in exercise class for 60minutes duration three times a week for 6 weeks. Mat activities in PNF program was modified PNF patterns and techniques on various posture. Balance indexes were measured at pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up by K.A.T.3000. Results : Balance index scores had larger improvements after 6 weekends of treatment(p<.05) than pre-treatment, also follow-up test(p<.05). Conclusion : The result of this study showed that PNF mat activities intervention can improve balance performance in disabled persons after stroke.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.14-21
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• 2004

In this research, we accomplished in order to improving color fastness of sublimation for Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-iodine polarized film. The poor iodine sublimation problem has greatly improved by $O_2$ low temperature plasma treatment. We obtained the followings: (1) plasma treatment has contributed in adhesive ability via peel strength, AFM image and roughness were investigated, But the improvement in adhesive strength was not linearly proportional to the treatment time. (2) $O_2$ plasma treated PVA-iodine polarized film was good enough as to maintain the transmittance and polarization even after iodine cone. of 0.05mol/L and dipping time of 50sec. (3) $O_2$ low temperature plasma treated PVA-iodine polarized film has obtain high durability because of good adhesive strength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.501-504
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• 2001

The prototype biofilter was constructed in Suwon campus of Seoul National University and monitored for temperature and treatment efficiencies during a two-year programme. During the winter, daily influent wastewater temperature averages $7.7C^{\circ}$; without heating in 2000 experiment, the treatment efficiencies for BOD and SS droped down to 88.7% and 68.4%, respectively. However, as increased the influent wastewater by installting a heater tank before the biofilter tank in 2001 at the same period ($Feb.\;9{\sim}Mrach\;30$) of 2000 experiment, average daily influent temperature which was $7.2C^{\circ}$ increased to over $18.2C^{\circ}$. As a result, effluent quality remains excellent through the winter and even the post winter with BOD and SS values close to less than 10 mg/L. Nitrification follows temperature patterns. However, there was no improvement of treatment efficiency in total nitrogen (T-N) was observed by increasing temperature.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2022

This study examined the effectiveness of Korean-Western cooperative treatment for patients with plantar fasciitis. Fifty patients received Korean medicine treatments (acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine) and Western medicine treatments (polydeoxyribonucleotide, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy). Evaluation methods used were comparison before and after ultrasound (P9), and numeric rating scale scores. Results revealed a significant improvement in the level of pain and evaluation of improvement using ultrasound. Moreover, it was suggested that Korean-Western cooperative medicine treatment may be effective for the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.137-146
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare the effects between the KL-Grade and improvement of knee pain treated by Korean Medicine therapy. Methods 114 patients who received inpatient treatment from July 2014 to May 2017 in the Daejeon Jaseng of Korean Medicine Hospital were divided into 5 groups by the KL-Grade. All patients received a combination of treatment including acupunture, pharmacopunture, herbal medication. They were compared and analyzed on the basis of improvement between measuring Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC Index), EuroQol-5 Dimension Index (EQ-5D Index) as they were hospitalized and as they were discharged. The statistically significance was evaluated by SPSS 23.0 for windows. Results After treatment, KL-Grade 0 group's Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC Index), EuroQol-5 Dimension Index (EQ-5D Index) improvement was $2.02{\pm}1.69$, $7.50{\pm}9.67$ and $0.11{\pm}0.15$ respectively. KL-Grade 1 group's improvement was $2.09{\pm}1.23$, $11.75{\pm}13.99$ and $0.12{\pm}0.13$ respectively. KL-Grade 2 group's improvement was $1.60{\pm}1.07$ and $14.70{\pm}14.19$ respectively. But In this group, EQ-5D Index has decreased by $0.01{\pm}0.10$. KL-Grade 3 group's improvement was $1.88{\pm}1.31$, $7.81{\pm}13.35$ and $0.13{\pm}0.20$ respectively (p<0.034). In the case of KL-Grade 4, the population was not statistically significant (N=2) and therefore excluded from statistical significance. And there was no statistically significance between 4 group's improvement after treatment (p>0.05). Conclusions The above study showed that Korean medicine treatments showed significant therapeutic effects on knee pain and degenerative knee joints, but there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of degenerative arthritis (KL-Grade).

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

Small size privately owned wastewater treatment plants have been difficult to treat their wasted sludge and maintain steady effluent quality compared with publicly owned wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, this study has focused on treatment efficiency enhancement, specially nitrogen removal efficiency by recycling dewatering filtrate as an alkalinity additive from filter press using $CaCO_3$. As the result, it was found that the optimal mixing ratio between the excess sludge and $CaCO_3$ was 1:2. The major operation parameters such as specific substrate utilization rate, specific nitrification rate, and specific denitrification rate were also improved 64% ($0.048-0.079mg\;BOD_5/mg\;MLVSS{\cdot}day$), 35% ($0.020-0.027mg\;NH_3-N/mg\;MLVSS{\cdot}day$) and 68% ($0.051-0.086mg\;NO_3{^-}-N/mg\;MLVSS{\cdot}day$), respectively, after the adoption of new methods. Therefore, both the problem of sludge treatment at small scale plants and the need for efficiency improvement could be solved.