• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2022

2021 년 3 월에서 8 월까지 서울지역 유통 립메이크업 제품, 4 종 총 66 건을 수집하여 유해 중금속인 납, 비소, 카드뮴, 안티몬 및 니켈 함량을 측정하고 제품 유형별(립스틱, 립글로스, 립밤 및 립틴트), 생산지별(국내산 및 수입산), 사용자별(성인용 및 어린이용)로 중금속 함량을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 전체 시료의 중금속 평균값은 납 0.284 ㎍/g, 비소 0.020 ㎍/g, 카드뮴 0.003 ㎍/g, 안티몬 0.004 ㎍/g 및 니켈 0.415 ㎍/g로, 모든 시료에서 「화장품 안전기준 등에 관한 규정」납 20 ㎍/g, 비소 10 ㎍/g, 카드뮴 5 ㎍/g, 안티몬 10 ㎍/g 및 니켈 30 ㎍/g」의 허용기준 이내로 조사되었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.255-273
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• 2019

Perceptions of beauty change and are shared with others in the media of emotional words. In the modern age, a mix of traditional and modern make-up cultures has changed the standards of beauty. Therefore, an analysis using emotional words (an image that consumers have for certain subjects) and an image scale that intuitively shows them can be an important means for understanding changes in the "beauty of the time". This paper considered changes in typical aesthetic characteristics that women pursued through make-up by analyzing emotional words in white make-up powder advertisement texts from the 1920s through the 1930s. Imported modern technologies changed cosmetic manufacturing techniques and advertising methods to create a momentum that changed women's make-up culture from light to heavy make-up or from white to color make-up. Such changes have led to changes in the perception of beauty and were expressed through sensitive vocabularies such as pure, new, fresh, lofty, lively, healthy, and cheery. Such changes reflect social aspects such as women's aspirations for high status, pursuit of security, or women's roles under the wartime regime to show a change from beauty with an attribute of [+cool] to that of [+soft].

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.193-208
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• 2023

One of the most significant medical advancements in human history is the development of vaccines. Progress in vaccine development has always been greatly influenced by scientific human innovation. The main objective of vaccine development would be to acquire sufficient evidence of vaccine effectiveness, immunogenicity, safety, and/or quality to support requests for marketing approval. Vaccines are biological products that enhance the body's defenses against infectious diseases. From the first smallpox vaccine to the latest notable coronavirus disease 2019 nasal vaccine, India has come a long way. The development of numerous vaccines, driven by scientific innovation and advancement, combined with researcher's knowledge, has helped to reduce the global burden of disease and mortality rates. The Drugs and Cosmetics Rules of 1945 and the New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules of 2019 specify the requirements and guidelines for CMC (chemistry, manufacturing, and controls) for all manufactured and imported vaccines, including those against coronavirus infections. This article provides an overview of the regulation pertaining to the development process, registration, and approval procedures for vaccines, particularly in India, along with their brief history.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2018

본 연구는 중국과의 전자상거래 교역에 해상으로 운송되는 화물의 흐름을 분석하고 지역별/품목별로 화물의 특성을 파악하여, 중국으로의 전자상거래 수출 증진 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 기종점 분석 및 시각화 기법을 활용하여 2015년부터 2018년 1분기까지 해상운송을 이용한 대(對)중국 전자상거래 수출입자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 현재 중국과 해상특송 서비스를 제공하고 있는 인천항에서 가장 많은 대(對)중국 전자상거래 화물이 수입되고 있었으며, 평택항의 경우, 중국으로부터 수입된 전자상거래 화물이 다시 인천세관으로 운송되어 통관 절차를 거치는 비효율이 발생하고 있음도 파악할 수 있었다. 또한, 최종 배송지가 전국적으로 분포되어 있는 전자상거래 수입의 경우와는 달리, 해상을 통해 중국으로 수출되는 전자상거래 제품들은 배송대행업체 및 포워더 업체들이 밀집된 서울과 경기지역에만 국한되어 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 전자상거래 수입과는 달리, 해상을 통해 수출되는 전자상거래 품목은 주로 의류와 화장품류에 국한되어 있었으며, 수출 규모 역시 수입에 비해 적게 나타나고 있다. 해상을 통한 대(對)중국 전자상거래 수출 활성화 방안으로는 전자상거래 환적을 통해 중국으로의 수출 제품 다변화로 수출 화물량을 증가시키는 방안과 더불어, 중국과의 전자상거래 운송에 콜드체인(cold chain)을 구축하여 수출품의 다변화를 도모하는 방안이 도출되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.581-591
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• 2023

Domestic processed food exports might increase due to the free trade agreement (FTA) and spread of the Korean Wave, Hallyu. However, the share of the domestic raw materials in the domestic processed food industry is very low at 31.4%, which limits the spillover effect on domestic agriculture. Therefore, we selected frozen dumplings as a representative processed food whose exports are growing rapidly and conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the effects of Hallyu and FTA variables on the frozen dumpling exports. We tried to link them to an increase in agricultural income through the expansion of demand for the domestic raw materials. This study analyzed tariff indicator as the FTA variable, cosmetics export value indicator as the Hallyu Wave variable, and other variables expected to change the trade environment such as gross domestic product (GDP) and the relative exchange rate by country as the key explanatory variables that affect changes in the trade environment. The analysis showed that the core hypothesis, the Hallyu variable and the FTA variable, have a positive impact on frozen dumpling exports. Frozen dumpling exports are expected to increase as the FTAs and the spread of Hallyu are expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we should seek ways to increase the proportion of domestically produced ingredients in the frozen dumplings to spread the economic impact to domestic agriculture. We reviewed previous studies and determined, the price-related factors play a major role in the use of imported ingredients, and that price stability and competitiveness are essential to increase the share of the domestically produced ingredients. Based on these conclusions, we reviewed the current status of food industry-related policies and determined measures needed to expand the use of domestically produced ingredients.