• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.118-125
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• 2015

According to the children's crime risk is increased, national police agency has implemented child safety keeper system since 2009. Despite the importance of child safety keeper studies, there was no seeking of empirical research and development plan for the operation. The purpose of the study is to find ways to improve the effectiveness of the child safety keeper system. To achieve the research objectives, all the child safety keepers were surveyed by quota sampling in the 16 provincial police agency. Questionnaire analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, Avova, multiple regression analysis. The result of analysis is the need to strengthen links with child safety keeping house, participatory setting for the patrol route, the improvement of education management and supervision, adequacy of allowance, strengthening contact with children for job success awareness.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9427-9432
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• 2014

Background: Delayed presentation of symptomatic breast cancer is a public health issue in Iran, making a major contribution to low survival. Despite the importance of this problem, current knowledge is insufficient to inform interventions to shorten patient delay. The aim of this study was to explore factors influencing patient delay in Iranian women with self-discovered breast cancer symptom. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted during 2012-2013. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 20 Iranian women with self-discovered symptoms of breast cancer who attended the Cancer Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth audiotaped interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed using conventional content analysis with MAXqda software version 10. Findings: Content analysis of the data revealed four main themes related to the delay in seeking medical help including: 1) attributing symptoms to the benign conditions; 2) conditional health behavior; 3) inhibiting emotional expression; and 4) barriers to access to health care systems. Conclusions: These results suggest that patient delay is influenced by complex and multiple factors. Effective intervention to reduce patient delay for breast cancer should be developed by focusing on improvement of women's medical knowledge, managing patients' emotional expression and reform of the referral system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5453-5458
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• 2015

Background: There are several factors that threaten the dignity of cancer patients in hospital settings. However, there is limited literature regarding the degree to which dignity of cancer patients is actually respected in daily clinical practice. The aims of this study were therefore to explore cancer patient perceptions of respecting their dignity and related variables in an Iranian cancer specific center. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was carried out among 250 cancer patients admitted to a cancer specific center in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. These patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The patients' scores in 18 out of 25 items of PDI were 3 or greater which indicate the importance of considering these items in clinical settings. Also, the score of patients in three sub-scales of PDI including illness-related concerns, personal dignity, and social dignity were 74, 65 and 57, respectively (based on a total 100). The overall score of PDI was statistically associated with age, history of disease recurrence, education, employment and economic status of participants. Conclusions: According to the study findings the dignity of Iranian cancer patients is not completely respected in clinical settings which require special considerations. As nurses spend more time at patients' bedsides, they have an important role in maintaining and promoting dignified care.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.195-201
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find out key factors of successful urban regeneration based on previous studies and relationships between those factors and revisit intention. To draw a conclusion, this study makes surveys including the variables of success factor(External environment factors, Internal environment factors, Internal cultural factors), degree of satisfaction, and degree of revisit intention. And it collects the data from respondents who had been to Gamcheon culture village in Busan. The data is analyzed by applying an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis. The result of these analysis describes that the Internal environment factors and Internal cultural factors affect the satisfaction degree positively and the degree of satisfaction has positive effects on the revisit intention. The study finds out that unique resource properties should be considered when underdeveloped cities are regenerated. Future study is to generalize the theory through the sampling covered the whole country.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.175-192
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• 2001

We have collected hydrogeochemical data of shallow groundwaters in the Uljin area located at eastern coastal area of Korea. Geostatistical analysis (ANOVA test, cluster analysis, and factor analysis) of the collected data sets was pert'onned, in order to evaluate both the spatial and/or temporal variation of water quality data and the groundwater contamination, as weJl as the principal reactions occurring in the aquifer. Results of the ANOVA test show that regional water chemistry are not significantly changed spatially in eight watersheds. However, some ions such as $Ca^{2+}$, $HCO_{3}^{-}$ and $SO_{4}^{2-}$ show a meaningful watershed variation. Water chemistry variation according to sampling time (season) is not shown, except for $SO_{4}^{2-}$. The cluster analysis shows that significant water chemistry variation is eXplained by the distance from the coast. Factor analysis indicates that the water chemistry is changed according to various factors as follows: in the order of decreasing importance, water-rock interaction (mainly, carbonate dissolution), sea-salt spraying, and then contamination by fertilizers and agrochemicals.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.875-888
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• 2018

Tulip (Tulipa L.) is one of the most important ornamental geophytes in the world. Analysis of molecular variability of tulips is of great importance in conservation and parental lines selection in breeding programs. Of the 70 genic microsatellites, 15 highly polymorphic and reproducible markers were used to assess the genetic diversity, structure, and relationships among 280 individuals of 36 wild and cultivated tulip accessions from two countries: Iran and the Netherlands. The mean values of gene diversity and polymorphism information content were 0.69 and 0.66, respectively, which indicated the high discriminatory power of markers. The calculated genetic diversity parameters were found to be the highest in wild T. systola Stapf (Derak region). Bayesian model-based STRU CTU RE analysis detected five gene pools for 36 germplasms which corresponded with morphological observations and traditional classifications. Based on analysis of molecular variance, to conserve wild genetic resources in some geographical locations, sampling should be performed from distant locations to achieve high diversity. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram and principal component analysis plot indicated that among wild tulips, T. systola and T. micheliana Hoog exhibited the closest relationships with cultivated tulips. Thus, it can be assumed that wild tulips from Iran and perhaps other Middle East countries played a role in the origin of T. gesneriana, which is likely a tulip species hybrid of unclear origin. In conclusion, due to the high genetic variability of wild tulips, they can be used in tulip breeding programs as a source of useful alleles related to resistance against stresses.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.176-193
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• 2007

The ability to measure groundwater contaminant flux is increasingly being recognized as crucial in order to prioritize contaminated site cleanups, estimate the efficiency of remediation technologies, measure rates of natural attenuation, and apply proper source terms to model groundwater contaminant transport. Recently, a number of methods have been developed and subsequently applied to measure contaminant mass flux in groundwater in the field. Flux measurement methods can be categorized as either point methods or integral methods. As the name suggests, point methods measure flux at a specific point or points in the subsurface. To increase confidence in the accuracy of the measurement, it is necessary to increase the number of points (and therefore, the cost) of the sampling network. Integral methods avoid this disadvantage by using pumping wells to interrogate large volumes of the subsurface. Unfortunately, integral methods are expensive because they require that large volumes of contaminated water be extracted and managed. Recent work has investigated the development of an integral method that does not require extraction of contaminated water from the subsurface. We begin with a review of the significance and importance of measuring groundwater contaminant mass flux. We then review groundwater contaminant flux measurement methods that are either currently in use or under development. Finally, we conclude with a qualitative comparison of the various flux measurement methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.244-257
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• 2017

Nutrition labeling can provide information in order for people to select products suitable for their own health, and sodium content labeling for processed foods is important since sodium is one of the main causes of cardiac diseases. This study had carried out to propose the desirable sodium content labeling by conducting surveys on the awareness of sodium content in processed foods, understanding of sodium content labeling, and requirements for new sodium comparative claims. The survey period was from 12th of September, 2016 through the 24th, during which a self-administered questionnaire survey was given to 1,003 persons through demographic quota sampling by age and region. As a result of the survey, 66.0% of respondents assuring nutrition labeling answered they check sodium content labeling, whereas 83.2% were aware of excessive intake of sodium having a negative effect on health. Exactly 49.9% of respondents answered that the current system for nutrition labeling on processed foods does not help one to understand the content of sodium, whereas 72.9% answered they wanted to compare sodium contents with those of other products when buying or taking processed foods. As 92.5% cited the importance of sodium comparative claims made by processed foods, preparation of a new system for food labeling should be considered by which consumers can easily compare sodium contents with those of other similar products.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.82-96
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• 2010

Currently, biodiversity conservation is regarded as one of the most important environmental issues in the 21st century. However, The educational approaches on biodiversity conservation is not actively developed. This study was conducted to develop the educational program on biodiversity conservation related with endangered species conservation for improving elementary and middle school girl students' knowledge on biodiversity, inspiring the value and importance of biodiversity, and improving the attitude toward the conservation of biodiversity. Because the biodiversity loss of wetlands such as rice-fields, rivers, marshes has made the breeding population of Oriental White Stork(Ciconia boyciana) endangered in Korea, this subject was very effective for students to learn the cause and effect of biodiversity loss realistically. The education program was conducted to 68 local elementary and middle girl students from 2007 to 2009 and consists of three main activities such as feeding on storks in captivity, sampling living organisms in rice-fields, and designing the future stork living village. The results didn't show a positive effect on improving the knowledge on the biodiversity, but a positive effect on improving the attitude toward the conservation of biodiversity. And the number of taxa that students noticed in rice-fields has increased significantly. In conclusion, this educational program promoted students to concern about and take up a positive attitude on the biodiversity conservation issue.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.19-32
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• 2020

Recently, the luxury brand market has expanded from the 5060 market to the 2030 market segment due to diversification of distribution channels, an increase in income, and changes in consumption values. This change is attributed to the increase in sales of fashion accessory products, such as bags and wallets, thereby confirming the importance of the luxury brand fashion accessories market. However, there are few studies of the luxury brand fashion accessories market or brand loyalty for fashion accessories, which accounts for a large proportion of the overall luxury brand market. The purpose of this study was to develop and empirically test a theoretical framework that captures and compares the difference of impact of service quality, product attributes, and consumer satisfaction on luxury brand loyalty between the 20-30 market and the 5060 market of the fashion accessories market. Data was collected from 598 customers who purchased luxury brand fashion accessories by objective sampling. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses developed for the study. Results found evident effects of consumer satisfaction on luxury brand loyalty through the perception of service quality by consumers. Additionally, in the 2030 market, the fashion accessory attributes had little impact on consumer satisfaction and luxury brand loyalty, whereas in the 5060 market, it had a significant impact only on consumer satisfaction, but not on luxury brand loyalty. This is the first study to examine a structural equation model of luxury brand loyalty to compare the difference of the model between segmented markets, such as the 2030 market and the 5060 market of the luxury brand fashion accessories market. These results will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism that underlie the operation of an effective luxury branding strategy for fashion accessories.