• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.109-125
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• 1972

According to the Sam-guk Sa-gi (History of three Kingdoms: Silla, Koguryo and Paeckje) tea was first brought into Korea by Kim Tae-ryeum, a diplomat, in 828 A.D. during the reign of king Hung-dot of Silla, and planted on the hill of Mt. Chi-ri. Afterwards, the tea trees were transplanted and cultivated by Buddists in many Buddist temples in southern provinces during the Silla and Koryo dynasties. People took much delight in drinking green tea, and specially the kings, buddist monks and nobilities of Silla and Koryo enjoyed drinking green tea. And eventually, the green tea became an indispensable part in all important ceremonies during the Koryo dynasty. After the Yi dynasty came into being, the dualistic philosophy of China was introduced and respected while buddist temples declined as a result of strong oppression by the ruling class. While temples were declined, the practice of drinking green tea was also declined. Nowadays we find many tea plants grow wild, which are seemed to be planted around buddist temples during the Koryo dynasty. Today, Korean people do not drink home made green tea. Instead, they like to take coffee, black tea and other tea products imported from foreign countries. Aa a result, Korea had to pay $ 520 thousand in 1969 to import foreign made tea and coffee. The natural conditions of southern provinces of Korea are very suitable in cultivating tea plants. If we develope the skill in producing good quality tea in Korea, we would be able to save the foreign exchanges that are being spent for importing foreign made tea products, and at the same time, we would be able to export our green tea to overseas. The quality of Korean green tea is as good as that of Japanese green tea. Green tea contains vitamin C while coffee and black tea do not contain it.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.386-390
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• 2007

In this paper we present an Ontology Instance Management Tool. OntoManager is a user-friendly interactive ontology Instance management tool with webpage annotation tool and an image annotation tool. It supports the user with the task of creating and maintaining ontology-based OWL-markup, creating of OWL-instances, attributes and relationships. It include an ontology browser for the exploration of the ontology and instances and a HTML browser that will display the annotated parts of the text. And OntoManager is an image annotation tool that allows users to markup regions of an image with respect to concepts in an ontology. It provides the functionality to import images, ontologies, instance bases, perform markup, and export the resulting annotations to disk or the Web.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.641-647
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• 2010

Container port development in Korea seems to be based on the policy of balanced regional development rather than demand and supply theory. The problem of overcapacity and low utilization faced by several ports such as Kwangyang, Ulsan New Port and Phohang Youngil New Port can back up this. Furthermore as some ports are located closely sharing the same domestic hinterland the revitalization of the ports is not easy resulting in wasting resources with both regional and national aspect. This study, therefore, aims at providing an empirical results for the container port classification of the 5 ports such as Busan, Kwangyang, Incheon, Pyeongtaek and Ulsan. For this several time series data for the ports such as transshipment containers, import and export containers, origin and destination countries, and local origin and destination are analysed. Based on the results of the analysis the 5 container ports are classified together with their practical roles, and the functional overlap of the port including Phohang was analysed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.649-657
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• 2010

In order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in the expanding maritime transportation market, most shipping companies are making every effort to reduce transportation costs. Likewise, the car shipping companies, which carry more than 80% of total car import and export logistics volume, also do their utmost for transportation cost saving. Until now many researches have been made for efficient maritime transportation, but studies for car shipping companies have rarely been made. For this reason, this study has tried to develop a maritime transportation planning support system which can help to save logistics costs and increase a competitive power of car shipping companies. To this end, instead of manual effort to solve the routing problem of car carrier vessels, this study has proposed a genetic algorithm. The performance of the genetic algorithm will be evaluated by comparing with the optimal solution of integer programming model.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.247-269
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• 2014

This study is to present alternatives of strategical utilization of e-L/C in respective of transaction cost. Documentary credit is most used for trade importers' credit quality and the guarantee of the purchase price as the form of payment in export and import business dealings. The beneficiary must provide the documents required in a letter of credit in order to claim payment documents from the issuing bank, this leads to certain complexity during the procedure in practice, the preparation and the expenses of significant requirements and additional documents as well as in completing demands from the credit. In a result, there has been issues raised about the aspects of time and cost during the payment process. The outcome of such problems caused by delays in the existing trade procedure is the public to require the use of e-L/C in order to improve problems from the 'Transaction Cost' side. This study provides e-L/C's use to overcome the problems that are appearing from 'Transaction Cost' side as the aspect of time and the cost. In order to do so, we have to identify the problems in the original credit and e-L/C. Thus, provide the propose strategy of e-L/C from the Transaction Cost aspect.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-39
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• 2008

This paper outlines a plan to promote South Jeonnam region's logistics capability in connection with the regional logistics bases such as Gwangyang Port, Jangseong Integrated Freight Terminal, Mokpo Port and Muan International Airport. The capability of regional innovation bodies, and industrial innovation generally, needs to be improved by establishing a systematic regional innovation plan. Smaller import and export logistics bases, presently scattered in downtown Gwangju and its suburban area, need to be integrated as soon as possible, in advance of the completion of a traffic network connecting all of the triangle logistics bases. Moreover, plans to develop Muan International Airport to the status of a hub airport need to be established, and its function as an air freight terminal should be strengthened. Gwangyang Port and Mokpo Port should be developed as Korea's key harbors with international logistics bases the two ports, presently conducting simple cargo work, should be transformed into general logistics ports conducting logistics, assembling, trading, and international business by developing their surrounding areas.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.175-197
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new strategy from a different angle to become a preferred transshipment hub for sustainable growth. This study would derive new competitive factors through the case study on a global carrier 'A' who shows constant growth in transshipment via Busan and the questionnaire survey was conducted. As to analysis results by matrix, Busan Port needs to strengthen its competitiveness against North China ports due to less local import/export cargo volume and less government support while North China ports continue to be developed with incremental direct calling and government's flexible cabotage rule.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.22-28
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• 2008

The Policy Development Team of the Korea Aerospace Research Institute investigates the status of Korean space sector in 2007 including industry, research institutes and universities through the survey executed third time after first in 2005. In this paper the statistics of sales, budget, man power, export and import of 77 organizations is presented and the status of Korean space sector is analyzed. The total sales of space related industry in 2007 are 887.255 billion won which is increased by 26% relative to that of previous year. The total budget of research institutes and the total R&D fund of universities are 367.301 billion won and 8.441 billion won respectively. In 2007, total personnel of space sector is 2,705, as 1621 personnel in industry, 717 personnel in research institutes, 367 personnel in universities. The total number of personnel is increased by 14% in 2007 compared to the previous year.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.203-221
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• 2014

ICC Banking Commission have approved the new version of ISBP for UCP 600(Publication 745) on April 17, 2013. This is called the ISBP 745. This revised version of ISBP includes a lot of shipping documents including bill of exchange. These shipping documents stated in the ISBP 745, especially the certificate of origin is the document necessary for carrying out the customs formalities in FTA era. Particularly, practitioners such as bankers, buyers and sellers, lawyers, freight forwarders and carriers in import and export transactions have to know the UCP 600 and ISBP 745 (2013) thoroughly in order to avoid the disputes due to discrepancies of the documents with the terms and conditions of the credit. The purpose of this article is to reduce the disputes occurred in the credit transaction by providing the examination criteria and case study of the certificate of origin in ISBP 745.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.299-313
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• 2009

As domestic logistics environment has changed into global logistics, various logistics parties are participating in processing logistics business. Goods is packed into container and delivered to consignee in steps. The goods may be damaged or lost since it has not directly delivered to consignee by single entity during the delivery process. Therefore, all parties want to know the flow of export/import cargos. However, it is very difficult to follow cargo flow consistently delivered from consignor to consignee. Because cargo flow does not be matched up information flow and information systems are based on neither standard business processes nor standard data, which makes it very difficult to associate logistics data among various logistic parties. This paper performs business process modeling for cargo tracking with international standard modeling methodology released by UN/CEFACT. And then, the standard data is defined for cargo tracking business process of unified and integrated business collaboration. The resulting business process model and data model will support international interoperability.