• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.373-381
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to establish and verify a theoretical model that explains the factors and pathways influencing the psychological well-being of nurses. The subjects of this study were nurses working in four general hospitals with over 200 beds in B city and G province. The results of verifying the path coefficient of the nurses' job rotation stress showed that job rotation stress had a significant effect on challenge stress, hindrance stress, and nurses' psychological well-being, while hindrance stress had a negative effect on nurses' psychological well-being. Nurses' job rotation stress had direct effects on challenge stress, hindrance stress, and psychological well-being. Hindrance stress had a direct effect on psychological well-being. In addition, nurses' job rotation stress had an indirect effect on psychological well-being through hindrance stress. Nurses who experienced job rotation showed challenge and hindrance stress. Since hindrance stress interferes with the psychological well-being of nurses, it is necessary to manage stress and make efforts in the nursing organization. Therefore, nursing organizations should establish a positive organizational environment and develop systematic strategies so that job rotation can be a challenging stress factor for nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.206-220
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of depression, discomfort, spirituality, physical care, and opioid use on pain with terminally ill cancer patients residing in hospice units. The convenient sample of this study consisted of 41 terminally ill cancer patients at three hospice units in university affiliated hospitals. Patients were interviewed with structured questionnaires three times at predetermined intervals: admission to the hospice unit (Time 1), one week later (Time 2), and two weeks later (Time 3). The data was collected from January 1998 to January 1999 and was analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multivariate multiple regression. 1. The mean age of the participants was approximately 55 years old. In terms of diagnosis, lung cancer showed the highest frequency (19.5%), followed by stomach cancer and rectal cancer (17.1%). The motive of seeking hospice unit admission was control (72. 2%), followed by spiritual care (50%), and symptom relief (38.9%). 2. Regarding the type of pain felt, the highest pain frequency the participants experienced was deep pain (55%), followed by multiple pain (25%), intestinal pain (10%), then superficial (5%) and neurogenic pain (5%). For the level of pain measured by VAS, there was no significant difference among the three time points; Time 1 (5.04$\pm$2.21), Time 2 (4.82$\pm$2.58) and Time 3(4.73$\pm$2.51). 3. There was significant change seen in spirituality and physical care in each time interval. Namely, the longer the length of admission at the hospice unit, the higher the importance of spirituality (p=0.0001) and the more the physical care the participants received (p=0.01). The opioid use at the three time points showed the following frequencies : Time 1 (75.6%), Time 2 (85.4%) and Time 3 (75.6%). 4. Regarding factors influencing pain, the pain level was significantly affected by the depression level (p〈0.01) and the opioid use (p〈0.1). These results were the most significant at the two time points (Time 1 and Time 2). At Time 3 (two weeks later), the pain level was significantly affected by the depression level (p〈0.05) and the amount of physical care the participants received (p〈0.1). In conclusion, the terminally ill cancer patients had moderate pain, were generally depressed, and were treated with opioid analgesics. As approaching death, the patients received more physical care due to increased physical symptoms experienced and they had a higher perception of the importance of spirituality. Thus, health care professionals need to provide continuous care for each of them to die comfortably physically, psycho- logically, and spiritually.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.456-466
• /
• 2017

This work investigated the particle morphology change to difference in milling media in a metal based composite fabrication process using a stirred ball mill with ball behavior of DEM simulation. A simulation of the three dimensional motion of grinding media in the stirred ball mill for the research of grinding mechanism to clarify the force, kinetic energy, and medium velocity of grinding media were calculated. In addition, the rotational speed of the stirred ball mill was changed to the experimental conditions for the composite fabrication, and change of the input energy was also calculated while changing the ball material, the flow velocity, and the friction coefficient under the same conditions. As the rotating speed of the stirred ball mill increased, the impact energy between the grinding media to media, media to wall, and media and the stirrer increased quantitatively. Also, we could clearly analyze the change of the particle morphology under the same experimental conditions, and it was found that the ball behavior greatly influences in the particle morphology changes.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.165-189
• /
• 2009

According to disclosure regulation, insider can hide their trading until disclosure day, because there be interval between trading time and disclosure time. To accommodate strategic trade, they have an incentive to be brought disclosure interval as long as possible. This research investigate whether strategical behaviour of informed traders using disclosure intervals exists in domestic stock market.ls xt, we aney he whether they can get abnormal return through stealth strategy after announcement date. We also evaluate the effect of mimicking trading on price impact with the assumption of existence of mimicking trading. Our major research results are as follows: In case of main shareholder without having no prompt disclosure duty, the frequency of trading started at the beginning of month is shown significantly higher than others. This result shows a direct evidence that informed traders buy or sell their equity strategically using disclosure intervals. Also, we find the result that the coefficient of strategic variables has highest value in middle size information. However, the empirical evidence that informed trader get abnormal return through strategic trading was not shown in this study. Meanwhile, stock price over-reacts for selling transaction on trading point and is recovered after disclosure date., so we assume possibility of mimicking trading exists in domestic stock market.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 2020

The changes in fish stock and biomass before and after fishway renovation located in a Korean estuary were studied and fluctuations in the economic value of the fish resources were estimated. The target fishway located in the east coast area in Korea was renovated in 2014 from the small fish ladder to the ice-harbor fishway. Monitoring was continued for five consecutive years after the renovation(2015 to 2019). Since the renovation of the fish passage, the economic values increased with increases in the fishery resources, except for in 2016 when the drought impact was severe. The yearly average incremental increase in the five years after the renovation was about 227%. The increase in economic value is believed to be due to the increased population of migratory fish as a result of habitat expansion. The exponential rise model showed an increase in economic value with increasing fishery resources (R²=0.896). The model coefficient contributing to economic analysis was 0.582 and the maximum economic value after the renovation was estimated at about 30.4 million. The economic value would be a useful index for quantitative comparison in terms of ecosystem services before and after renovation.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2009

Objectives : We tried to evaluate the agreement of the Charlson comorbidity index values(CCI) obtained from different sources(medical records and National Health Insurance claims data) for gastric cancer patients. We also attempted to assess the prognostic value of these data for predicting 1-year mortality and length of the hospital stay(length of stay). Methods : Medical records of 284 gastric cancer patients were reviewed, and their National Health Insurance claims data and death certificates were also investigated. To evaluate agreement, the kappa coefficient was tested. Multiple logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate and compare the prognostic power for predicting 1 year mortality and length of stay. Results : The CCI values for each comorbid condition obtained from 2 different data sources appeared to poorly agree(kappa: 0.00-0.59). It was appeared that the CCI values based on both sources were not valid prognostic indicators of 1-year mortality. Only medical record-based CCI was a valid prognostic indicator of length of stay, even after adjustment of covariables($\beta$ = 0.112, 95% CI = [0.017-1.267]). Conclusions : There was a discrepancy between the data sources with regard to the value of CCI both for the prognostic power and its direction. Therefore, assuming that medical records are the gold standard for the source for CCI measurement, claims data is not an appropriate source for determining the CCI, at least for gastric cancer.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.166-174
• /
• 2018

Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the major food crop in the world following rice, wheat, and maize. It is thus important to project yield predict of potato under climate change conditions for assessment of food security. A crop growth modelling is widely used to simulate crop growth condition and total yield of various crops under a given climate condition. The decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) cropping system model, which was developed by U.S. which package integrating several models of 27 different crops, have been used to project crop yield for the impact assessment of climate change on crop production. In this study, we simulated potato yield using RCP 8.5 climate change scenario data, as inputs to the DSSAT model in five regions of Korea. The genetic coefficients of potato cultivar for 'superior', which is one of the most widely cultivated potato variety in Korea were determined. The GenCalc program, which is a submodule of the DSSAT package, was used to determine the genetic coefficients for the superior cultivar. The values of genetic coefficients were validated using results of 39 experiments performed over seven years in five regions. As a case study, the potato yield was projected that total yields of potato across five regions would increase by 26% in 2050s but decrease by 17% in 2090s, compared with 2010s. These results suggested that the needs for cultivation and irrigation technologies would be considerably large for planning and implementation of climate change adaptation for potato production in Korea.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.43-75
• /
• 2002

This study focuses on the factors that make the financial structure of hospitals in Korea different, and on recommended courses of action that could be very helpful to hospitals in maintaining a sound financial structure. Data used in this study were collected from 132 hospitals with complete general data of present conditions as well as financial statements. They were chosen from the 174 hospitals that passed the standardization audit undertaken by the Korean Hospital Association from 1996 to 2000 for the purpose of accrediting training hospitals. The dependent variable in this study is financial structure. It consists of liabilities as against total assets (total liabilities to total assets, short-term liabilities to total assets, long-term liabilities to total assets, short-term borrowings to total assets, long-term borrowings to total assets). The independent variables are ownership type, hospital type, location, whether or not a representative is a director of the hospital, the possibility of changing a hospital director, bed size, period of establishment, asset structure, profitability, growth, tax shields, business risk, competition. The factors that appear to have the strongest impact on the liabilities to total assets of all the hospitals sampled are ownership type, hospital type, profitability, tax shields, and business risk. It was found that not-for-profit private hospitals and for-profit private hospitals have more liabilities than public hospitals, and tertiary medical institutions have less liabilities than the secondary general hospitals. Moreover, hospitals earning more at the expense of high business risk have a distinct tendency to lower liabilities. Concerning the current ratio, it was found that factors such as ownership type, hospital type, period of establishment, asset structure, and business risk are the more significant variables. The current ratio of public hospitals is higher than that of both not-for-profit private hospitals and for-profit private hospitals, and the current ratio of tertiary medical institutions is higher than that of general hospitals. As business risk is higher in hospitals compared to other businesses, the current ratio becomes higher; this is because it is assumed that for fear of bankruptcy, hospitals lessen liabilities to total assets. On the other hand, as hospitals become older, the fixed assets to total assets become lower. It is remarkable that in hospitals, the factors affecting liabilities to total assets have an opposite regression coefficient sign against factors affecting current ratio. It brings out the same results borne out by the old financial theories and researches, in which a lot of the liabilities of hospitals are considered as the cause of worsening liquidity. Therefore, it is very important for hospitals to maintain a sound financial structure in order to survive using the rational acquisition and maintenance of capital.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.245-258
• /
• 2020

In this study, a data-driven response surface method using the results acquired from the numerical simulation is developed to evaluate the potential storage capacity of groundwater due to the construction of a groundwater dam. The hydraulic conductivities of alluvium and basement rock, depth and slope of the channel are considered as the natural conditions of the location for groundwater dam construction. In particular, the probability models of the hydraulic conductivities and the various types of geometry of the channel are considered to ensure the reliability of the numerical simulation and the generality of the developed estimation model. As the results of multiple simulations, it can be seen that the hydraulic conductivity of basement rock and the depth of the channel greatly influence to the groundwater storage capacity. In contrast, the slope of the channel along the groundwater flow direction shows a relatively lower impact on the storage capacity. Based on the considered natural conditions and the corresponding numerical simulation results, the storage capacity estimation model is developed applying an artificial neural network as the nonlinear regression model for training. The developed estimation model shows a high correlation coefficient (>0.9) between the simulated and the estimated storage amount. This result indicates the superiority of the developed model in evaluating the storage capacity of the potential location for groundwater dam construction without the numerical simulation. Therefore, a more objective and efficient comparison for the storage capacity between the different potential locations can be possibly made based on the developed estimation model. In line with this, the proposed method can be an effective tool to assess the optimal location of groundwater dam construction across Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2015

If the watchdog role of good corporate governance, corporate executives and reduce agency costs and information asymmetries. Corporate governance score higher because enterprise internal control systems and financial reporting system is well equipped with the company management is enabled and corporate performance is higher because the high financial credit rating. Under these assumptions and hypotheses set up this study corporate governance (CGI) has been studied demonstrated how the financial impact on the credit rating (CFR). Findings,

relevant corporate governance (CGI) and financial credit rating was found to significantly affect the positive (+), Regression coefficient code is expected code of positive (+), the value

indicated by the value of all positive. The results of corporate governance (CGI) has showed excellent results, such as the more predictable will increase the credit score financial rating. The results of this study will have more CGI-credit financial rating the greater good. This study might be expected to provide a useful guide that corporate social responsibility, the company with a good governance and oversight systems enable to to get a higher credit rating in practice and research.