• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2011

This paper documents an experimental study of dynamic response of reinforced concrete beams following instantaneous removal of a bearing column. Four half-scale specimens representing two-span beam bridging across the removed column were tested. The test boundary conditions simulated rotational and longitudinal restraints imposed on a frame beam by the neighboring structural components. The gravity loads were simulated by attaching mass blocks on the beams at three locations. Dynamic loading effects due to sudden removal of a column were simulated by quickly releasing the supporting force at the middle of the specimens. The experimental study investigated the load-carrying capacity of beams restrained longitudinally at the boundaries and dynamic impact on forces. The tests confirmed the extra flexural strength provided by compressive arch action under dynamic loading. The tests also indicated that the dynamic amplification effects on forces were much lower than that assumed in the current design guideline for progressive collapse.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.148-150
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• 1987

In this paper, the pole assignment control algorithm with a discrete integral action is discussed in that it reduces the impact of an external step disturbance upon the output. The sensitivity of output is viewed according to changes of delay-time which this algorithm is applied to a continuous plant with.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.291-302
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• 2003

This paper examined the impacts of the regional developments and dwellers behavior on the Seacoast. Seacoast features a variety of landforms which are created by the action of waves and tidal flows. The coastal landforms are found mainly in the interface between land and sea. Although erosional landforms constitute prominent landscape features as sea stack, sea arch, and rock cliff do, it is nonetheless the depositional features such as beaches, tidal flats, offshore bars, deltas, sanddunes, and coastal plains that have various ramifications for human communities. Among these, beaches and coastal sanddunes are special in that their formation is attributable to the combined action of waves, tidal flows, and winds. The main line of discussion in this dissertation is concerned with the transformation of group of beaches sanddunes along the coastline of Chungcheong-Namdo Province. To some extent, the erosion of coastal dunes has been a global phenomenon. The degradation process occurs most actively when the spring tides attack beaches, berms, and foredunes. Also involved in the transformation of coastal dunes are factors of human agency. The extent, speed, and pattern of their morphological changes are a function of land-use pattern. The reclamation of swale and the exploitation of sands as construction material and silica sand, for example, ruin the feature of coastal dunes.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.69-77
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• 2018

Purpose - With growing competition in the service distribution industry, the importance of managing customer complaints has increased. If firms handle customer complaints effectively, they can strengthen customer loyalty and repurchase intention. Many studies have focused on customers expressing complaints, yet research on silent customers is scant. This study focuses on two types of complainers and non-complainers. In other words, this study is to examine the value of voice complaint intention and no-action intention. This study also investigates how perceptual and relational factors affect complaint intention. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was carried out using the survey with undergraduate students who have faced a service failure in a retail store(fast foods, electronics, apparel). And if such complaint were to occur again, respondents were asked about any possible action they would take. 300 questionnaires were distributed and a total of 279 respondents provided complete and usable data. The sample consisted of 158 males(56.6%) and 121 females(43.4%). The structural equation modeling analysis was used for the hypothesis test. Results - The results are as follows. First, attitude toward complaining, likelihood of successful complaint, and ease of complaint were positively related to voice complaint intention. Second, attitude toward complaining, likelihood of successful complaint, and ease of complaint were negatively related to no-action intention. Third, commitment was positively related to voice complaint intention but didn't have a significant negative impact on no action. Forth, voice complaint behavior reduced switching intention and no-action intention enhanced switching intention. Conclusions - The findings of this study confirm the value of complaint behavior and show voice complaint intention and no-action intention should be managed differently. Voice complaint intention is evaluated positively because it reflects customers' concerns about the company, while no-action intention is evaluated negatively. Attitude toward complaing is the most effective in increasing voice complaint intention and likelihood of successful complaint is a major factor in reducing no-action intention. Also, in explaining switching intention, voice complaint intention plays a more important role than no-action intention.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.159-173
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• 2022

This study examines the impact of CSR and its authenticity on customer loyalty through the brand image in the chain coffee shop industry. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, 601 survey questionnaires were distributed, of which 491 were analyzed. The results show that CSR has a positive impact on brand image and customer loyalty. In addition, authenticity does not moderate the impact of CSR on brand image and loyalty, as it is difficult for customers to verify the authenticity of CSR action programs. This study emphasizes the importance of CSR action programs and authenticity for businesses to sustainably enhance their distinctive brand image and customer loyalty. Therefore, for sustainable development in the future, managers of coffee shop chains need to focus on the following issues. First, the most important thing is the right awareness of businesses regarding CSR and CSR authenticity. Third, businesses should strengthen the transparency of CSR action programs in various media so that consumers can easily verify authenticity, to increase brand image and improve customer loyalty.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.66-79
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• 2000

Landscape impact assessment(LIA) is an aid to decision-making. For the decision maker, LIA provides a scientific examination of the predicted landscape implications of a proposed action and of the mitigation measures, before a decision is taken. Thus, the efficacy of LIA depends on the scientific credibility of the prediction and mitigation measures described in the landscape impact statement. The purpose of this paper was to examine the efficacy of LIA through the content analysis of prediction and mitigation measures in the selected 39 landscape impact statements and 34 environmental impact statements. The content of the selected statements was analyzed in terms of the quantification, precision, significance, and likelihood. The results showed that both prediction and mitigation measures were very low in the scientific credibility. Specifically, the prediction was ambiguously described without scientific probability, and the effect of mitigation measures was not specifically presented in the reports. Thus, landscape impact statement can not give credible information in the decision making process, which weakens the efficacy as an aid to decision-making. Based on the results, several suggestions were presented to enhance the efficacy of LIA.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 1997

Now, a management plan is being prepared to conserve the landscape and eco-system of Hallasan National Park. A major concern of park managers and residents is the visual impact that activities have of the Mt. Hala landscape. One of the most important aspects of making management decisions is assessing the visual impact of proposed actions accurately enough to judge whether or not those actions are acceptable. Park managers and residents need methods they can use to assess the visual impact of various management actions. The impact of proposed management activities was portrayed by CCG Photomontage techniques and viewers rated sets of color photomontages on a 7 point SD scale. The findings were as follows : the CCG Photomontage is quite practical, vegetation restoration is necessary, and the proposed management actions are feasible. The visual simulation technique and assessment method in this research helps residents visualize and respond to management activities, making residents' participation in the planning process more effective.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.9-10
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• 2002

Human circulatory system between heart and tissue is not directly connected in normal condition but mandatory to go through the capillary system in order to fulfill its physiologic aim to deliver oxygen and nutrients, etc. to the tissue and retrieve used blood together with waste products from the tissue properly. When abnormal connection between arterial and venous system (AV fistula), these two circulatory systems respond differently to the hemodynamic impact of this abnormal connection between high pressure (artery) and low pressure (vein) system. Depending upon the location and/or degree (e.g. size and flow) of fistulous condition, each circulatory system exerts different compensatory hemodynamic response to this newly developed abnormal inter-relationship between two systems in order to minimize its hemodynamic impact to own system of different hemodynamic characteristics. Pump action of the heart can assist the failing arterial system directly to maintain arterial circulation against newly established low peripheral resistance by the AV fistula during the compensation period, while it affects venous system in negative way with increased venous loading. However, the negative impact of increased heart action to the venous system is partly compensated by the lymphatic system which is the third circulatory system to assist venous system independently with different hemodynamics. The lymphatic system with own unique Iymphodynamics based on peristaltic circulation from low resistance to high resistance condition, also increases its circulation to assist the compensation of overloaded venous system. Once these compensation mechanisms should fail to fight to newly established hemodynamic condition due to this abnormal AV connection, each system start to show different physiologic ${\underline{de}compensation}$ including heart and lymphatic system. The vicious cycle of decompensation between arterial and vein, two circulatory system affecting each other by mutually negative way steadily progresses to show series of hemodynamic change throughout entire circulation system altogether including heart. Clinical outcome of AV fistula from the compensated status to decompensated status is closely affected by various biological and mechanical factors to make the hemodynmic status more complicated. Proper understanding of these crucial biomechanical factors iii particular on hemodyanmic point of view is mandatory for the advanced assessment of biomechanical impact of AV fistula, since this new advanced concept of AY fistula based on blomechanical information will be able to improve clinical control of the complicated AV fistula, either congenital or acquired.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.81-93
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• 2000

It is important to find the competitive priority, which makes a great contribution to the action plans. The reason is that this makes it possible to provide Korean manufacturers with effective behavioral model to break through the depression after 1997'financial crisis in Korea. Focused priority has become a focus of organizations faced with the need to survive in a highly uncertain business environment characterized by rapid technological change, global competition, and demanding customers. Many believe that better linkages of priority and action plans are fundamental to surviving in the world market. However, there was little previous research dealing with the relationship between the strategic priority and action plans in the view of competitive weapon. This study presents empirical findings on differences between U.S. and Korean manufacturing approach to relationship of priority and plans. Specially, Korean manufacturers are eager for good model to overcome depression of 1997' financial crisis in Korea. Data was collected as part of the Manufacturing Futures Project completed in 1996. The results indicate that U.S. manufacturers maintain focused linkages from priority to action plans than do Korean manufacturers.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.393-403
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• 2019

The cycling impact test of red sandstone soil under different axial pressure and different impact loads are conducted to reveal the mechanical properties and energy consumption mechanism of red sandstone soil with static-dynamic coupling loading. The results show that: Under the action of different axial pressure and different impact loads, the peak stress of the specimen increases, and then tends to be stable with the times of impact. With the increase of impact times, the specific energy absorption value of the red sandstone soil specimen is increased first and then gentle development trend. When the impact loads are certain, the larger the axial pressure is, the smaller the peak value of energy absorption, which indicates that the energy utilization rate is not high under the condition of large axial pressure. Through the analysis of energy utilization, it is found that the smaller the impact load, the higher the energy utilization rate. The greater the axial pressure, the lower the energy utilization rate. when the axial pressure is large, the impact loads corresponding to the maximum values of reflectivity, transmissivity and absorptivity are the same. The relationship between reflectivity and transmissivity is negatively correlated.