• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.617-631
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• 2002

This study has examined 5-year students in the kindergarten and students in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th grade in the primary school to analyze their perceptions about scientists. science, and how they apply science in their daily lives. First, students have 4 stereotypic images on scientists, specifically in 'indoor', 'male', 'lab coat'. and 'scientific instrument'. There were significant differences in stereotypic images on scientists depending on genders and ages. Girls and primary students showed higher scores than boys and kindergarten students did. respectively, in stereotypic images on scientists. No differences were observed for the stereotypic images on scientists among primary students, regardless of their grades. Second, most of students were interested in science. Depending on grades, there were significant differences in their preference for science. Students in higher grades showed lower scores than those in lower grades did. In addition, only a few of them hoped to be a scientist in the future. Boys showed higher scores in their hope to be a scientist in the future than girls did. The students in lower grades showed higher scores than those in higher grades. Third, most of children thought themselves doing activity-oriented science in school. Outside school, however, they did not use the knowledge and skills they had learned for science in school. Students in the primary school showed more concept-oriented perception for science than those in kindergarten did. This perception was gradually increased as the grades of the students go up.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.327-341
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to obtain science high school students' perceptions of scientists and their work before and after the Green Investigation program with scientists. This study also attempts to determine whether the program affected the participants' perceptions of scientists and their work. A modified DAST was carried out with 64 high school students. Findings revealed that Korean science high school students had normal perceptions of scientists, such as images of 20 to 30 year old males wearing laboratory coats and working alone in research labs with test tubes, flasks, and several machines in the background. After the intervention, students drew fewer typical items representing scientists and had significantly different perceptions of their work places between the pretest (M=1.69, SD=1.14) and posttest (M=1.96, SD=1.24, t=4.43, p<0.001) with the eta squared statistics (.24). These findings reflect the need for continued efforts of developing green investigation programs with scientists for students. Some future studies based on this study are also introduced.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.293-304
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• 2018

In spite of a growing number of recent studies that indicate students are coming to view scientists with more varied images, the stereotypical image of scientists remains in many students' minds. In this study, the authors explore how college students change their perceptions of science and scientists through the use of a documentary that focuses on scientists' daily lives, including laboratory life, and their emotional ups-and-downs. We analyzed 109 college students' essays on perceptions about scientists after watching the documentary. As a result, 64.2% of the college students declared that there was a change in their perception of scientists. The students' new perceptions of science and scientists are as follows: 1) scientists undergo emotional ups-and-downs just like any normal person; 2) scientists experience numerous failures while researching; 3) science does not have a fixed answer and scientists undertake research with creativity; 4) scientists conduct research in collaboration, but also in highly competitive environments; 5) scientists are often frustrated with their socio-economic status. The students' previous perceptions on science and scientists were mainly stereotypical ones that have been reported in previous studies. In addition, of the other college students who did not change their perceptions, the majority declared that they have new perceptions such as 1) - 5). Only a small percentage of students (7.3%) had unchanged stereotypical perceptions. These results are interpreted as that college students relatively easily change their stereotypical images of scientists after watching the documentary but, alternatively, the results can be interpreted that the most stereotypical images of college students are not perceptions that form a deep impression, but rather they are simply depictions of representative images of scientists given from outside sources (e.g. the mass media and school).

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.490-498
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• 2002

This study investigated the effects of the 'Meeting With Scientists' program on children's stereotypical images of scientist. To do those, 36 children of a fifth grade class participated in the program for one month. The program consisted of two main activities:(l) participating in scientists' lectures and exchanging e-mail with them; and (2) visiting web sites about scientist and science, and exchanging e-mail with scientists at the sites. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: First, after participating in the program, children showed the significant decrease of several stereotypical items, such as facial growth of hair(bald hair beard), symbols of research, and age of the scientist. Second, the most popular source of the images was the visual media at the pretest but the source was changed to the visiting and participating scientist's lecture, and internet at the posttest. The latter items appeared a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest, The results indicate that the program is effective to decrease of children's stereotypical physical image of scientist.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.162-177
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• 2011

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate the 'structure' of an elementary school teacher's practical knowledge concerning science experiment lessons. A female elementary teacher in the early career years participated in the study, and video recordings of her science experiment lessons as well as audio-taped interviews with her were analyzed by means of Elbaz's framework. The teacher expressed six images of science experiment lessons: 'Science is difficult', 'Experiments are dangerous', 'Experiments are accurate', 'A science experiment takes a long time', 'Science experiments are interesting', and 'Children are little scientists.' These images were supported by several principles and rules, most of which were clearly described. Among the images, principles, and rules, there were complex relationships with some working in synergy and some conflicting. In case of the image 'Children are little scientists', its subordinate principles and rules were not fully realized in the classroom. Implications for science teaching reform and science education research were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10c
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• pp.409-414
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• 2007

Active Appearance Model is a well-known model that can represent a non-rigid object effectively. However, since it uses the fixed appearance model, the fitting results are often unsatisfactory when the imaging condition of the target image is different from that of training images. To alleviate this problem, incremental AAM was proposed which updates its appearance bases in an on-line manner. However, it cannot deal with the sudden changes of illumination. To overcome this, we propose a novel scheme to update the appearance bases. When a new person appears in the input image, we synthesize illuminated images of that person and update the appearance bases of AAM using it. Since we update the appearance bases using synthesized illuminated images in advance, the AAM can fit their model to a target image well when the illumination changes drastically. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm improves the fitting performance over both the incremental AAM and the original AAM.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.7_8
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• pp.719-726
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• 2003

This paper proposes a multimodal registration method for segmentation of the Visible Human color images, in which color characteristics of bones are very similar to those of its surrounding fat areas. Bones are initially segmented in CT images, and then registered into color images to lineate their boundaries in the color images. For the segmentation of bones in CT images, a thresholding method is developed. The registration method registers boundaries of bodies in CT and color images using a cross-correlation approach, in which the boundaries of bodies are extracted by thresholding segmentation methods. The proposed method has been applied to segmentation of bones in a head and legs whose boundary is ambiguous due to surrounding fat areas with similar color characteristics, and produced promising results.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.286-294
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• 1996

In this study, the image of scientists and the self-image in terms of stereotypical masculine and feminine characteristics were investigated for 562 primary and secondary school students. The perceived differences between the image of scientists and the self-image were quantified and compared across grade levels and gender. Their relationships with science-related attitudes were also studied. The results indicated that students hold more masculine characteristics in the image of scientists and more feminine characteristics in the self-image. The perceived differences between the image of scientists and the self-image were greater for female students than male students. Female students also had more negative attitudes than male students on Career Interest in Science and Enjoyment of Science Lesson of the Test of Science-Related Attitudes. It was found that the differences between the perceived images were negatively correlated with science-related attitudes. Although the relationships were found to be statistically significant, the magnitudes were relatively small. Educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.655-673
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• 2014

We investigated perceptions and image analysis on scientists studying small organisms reflected in elementary student's drawing using a modified version of the Drawing-A-Scientist-Test. The participants were 530 of fifth and sixth graders consisted of 449 ordinary students and 81 science gifted students. The data were collected from associated words, images and explanatory notes depicted by students engaged in questionnaires. The results indicated that a larger number of students reminded small sized animals and/or plants as words associated with small organisms. In addition, some students depicted anthropomorphic or abstract microorganisms. In this study, more stereotypes of scientists' appearance were exhibited at sixth graders and city region group. Most of the students depicted indicators such as lab coat, glasses, scientific instruments for observing, indoor, male and young, whereas only a few students depicted collaborative work. There was statistically significant difference between girls and boys, because boys perceived male scientists only, while half of girls depicted female. More frequent research instruments and scientific captions were used when science gifted students depicted scientists studying small organisms. These results could be contributed to education on microorganisms in elementary science.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.229-237
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to gain a suggestion how to educate pre-service elementary teachers in science education. One hundred and twenty three students were involved in the questionnaire to investigate the perception of science. Many of pre-service elementary teachers had a negative image of science. They consider science to be stiff, inflexible and dull. They suggested much more of foreign scientists than Korean ones as respectable scientists. They are very interested in science related to society, and themselves. It is necessary for elementary pre-service teachers to be educated to positively improve the images of science and scientist, and to understand modern scientific philosophical perspectives. And, Korean scientific history education should be educated formally or informally for them to count on about Korean scientists as respectable ones in science education.