• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.380-384
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• 2010

The present paper attempts to investigate the factors which may affect the attitude toward Oriental Medicine among the university students in Korea and China. The research on determining factors that may influence the attitude toward the Oriental Medicine can provide the answers for the question how the traditional things can acquire their present position and make a development in modern society. The East Asian countries such as Korea and China have promoted the western-style changes and development, thinking that modernization means the westernization. Given this, the research on the attitude toward Oriental Medicine can be a good case study that shows how tradition sustains its place and develops. The present study makes two hypotheses in order to analyze the factors which make the influence on the attitude toward the Oriental Medicine: Hypothesis there will be no significant difference between the socio-demographic variables and attitude toward Oriental Medicine. Hypothesis there will be significant differences between traditionalism, modernity, nationalism, and attitude toward Oriental Medicine. The statistical results show that hypothesis 1 was confirmed in the case of the gender of the participants, whereas it was not confirmed in the case of the birthplace, economic status, and nationality. And hypothesis 2 was not confirmed in the relations between nationalism and modernity and the attitude toward Oriental Medicine, whereas it was confirmed in the relations between traditionalism and the traditional medical concept and attitude toward Oriental Medicine.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2020

Background: Unmet healthcare needs have many advantages for measuring inequalities in healthcare use. However, the existing indicator is difficult to capture the reality of unmet healthcare needs sufficiently and is not quite appropriate in comparing regional inequality. The purpose of this study is to critically analyze the utilization of the unmet healthcare need indicator for regional healthcare inequalities research. Methods: We used the level of healthcare accessibility and healthcare need to categorize the regions that are known to cause differences in healthcare utilization between regions and verified how existing unmet healthcare need indicator is distributed at the regional level. Results: Four types of regions were classified according to the high and low levels of healthcare needs and accessibility. The hypothesis about the regional type expected to have the highest unmet healthcare need was not proved. The hypothesis about the lowest expected regional type was proved, but the difference in the average rate of unmet healthcare needs among regional types was not significant. The standard deviation of the rate of unmet healthcare needs among regions within the same type was also higher than the overall regional variation, which also disproved the whole frame of hypothesis. Conclusion: Failure to prove the hypothesis means the gap between the supposed meaning of the indicator and the reality. In order to understand the current state of healthcare utilization of people in various regions of Korea and to resolve inequality, fundamental research on the in-depth structure and mechanisms of healthcare utilization is needed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2016

본 연구는 사출 성형기의 제어 방법에 따른 정밀 검사에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 실험을 통하여, 유압사출 성형기와 전동식 사출성형기의 스크루 스트로크, 보압, 용융 수지온도에 대하여 정밀도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 또한, 실험에서 얻어진 데이터 편차에 대한 가설 테스트를 수행 하였다. 연구를 통하여 스크루 스트로크, 용융 수지온도, 보압 순으로 편차가 크게 발생하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 유압식 사출성형기가 전동식 사출성형기에 비해 제품 간의 산포가 크게 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 통계프로그램인 미니탭을 활용하여 스크루 스트로크, 용융 수지온도, 보압에 대한 가설을 설립 한 후 P값을 확인하여 스크루 스트로크, 용융수지온도는 귀무가설($H_0$)을 채택하였으며, 보압은 상호차이가 발생한 대립가설($H_1$)을 채택하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.250-265
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 가변 움직임 블록을 이용한 움직임 예측과 계층적 B-화면 구조가 결합되어 많은 연산량이 요구되고 있는 SVC 구조에서 통계적 가설 검증 방법을 적용하여 화면간 움직임 모드 결정을 효율적으로 수행함으로써 부호화 과정의 연산량을 크게 줄일 수 있는 화면간 모드 고속 결정 알고리듬을 소개한다. 제안된 방법은 $16{\times}16$ 매크로 블록과 $8{\times}8$ 하위 매크로 블록에 통계적 가설 검증 기법을 적용하여 실행되며, 현재 블록과 복원된 참조 블록간의 화소값을 비교하여 율-왜곡 최적화 (RDO: Rate Distortion Optimization) 기반 움직임 모드 결정을 고속으로 수행함으로써 SVC의 부호화 과정에서 소요되는 부호화 시간을 전체 연산량 대비 최대 69%까지 감소시킨다. 그러나 연산량 감소에 따른 비트율의 증가나 화질의 열화는 무시할 수 있을 정도로 적음을 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2015

This research is intended to inquire any discrepancy depending on the variables such as types, geography and size of hospitals of Korea in order to develop differentiated marketing strategy and to investigate how the aforementioned variables affect the management performance such as the increase in the number of foreign patients, their willingness to re-visit, the increase in profit and etc. The survey for this research was conducted for five weeks from July 10th 2014 to August 30th 2014 with 251 participants in charge of foreign patient attraction for 161 domestic hospitals. As the method of the research, a hypothesis was first established based on previous studies, followed by the incorporation of self-administered questionnaire to confirm the formulated hypothesis. Frequency analysis and ANOVA analysis were used to analyze the result of the survey. The outcome of the research and the implications are as follows. First, according to the demography of the persons-in-charge of foreign patient attraction, the proportion of female was superbly high by 76.5%. As for the age, those in their 30s were highest in proportion. Finally, for the education level, college graduates took up the largest portion by 46.5%. Second, in respect to the hypothesis assuming the difference in performance depending on the types of hospitals, national university-affiliated hospitals showed the highest level of the increase in foreign patients by the average of 3.25. Third, in respect to the hypothesis assuming the difference in performance based on geographical position, it was confirmed that hospitals in Ulsan City experienced the largest growth in the number in foreign patients. Fourth, in respect to the sizes of hospitals, those with 201 to 300 sickbeds showed the highest increase by the average of 3.45. The implication of the above research outcome indicates that while the number of foreign patients visiting Korea for medical purposes is on the rise, the number of professionals in place with necessary knowledge and capacity is insufficient and requires improvement.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제8권
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• pp.103-127
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• 2002

In this study, satisfaction with salary of the clerical saff in health care organization was analyzed with a view to provide data contributive to efficient wage management for the clerical staff of hospitals. For the analysis, it was investigated if there is any difference in satisfaction with wage depending on the individual and environmental characters as well as comparative factors perceived by self or by others in-and outside the working place. The findings of the analysis may be summed up as follows: First, in support of the hypothesis that the satisfaction with wage of the clerical staff in hospitals will individual factors, statistically significant difference were found in the satisfaction with wage depending on age and career, but there was little significant difference depending on gender and education. Thus, the hypothesis I in this study can be partly adopted. Second, with regard to the hypothesis that the satisfaction with wage of the clerical staff in hospitals will vary with environmental variables, significant differences were found in terms of comparative factors perceived by self or by others inside the working place and those perceived by others outside the working place, and significant difference was also shown in the comparative factors perceived by others outside the working place. Whereas, however, there was no significant difference in the satisfaction with wage depending on the position, which led to the partial adoption of the hypothesis II. This study has following limits in search of difference in satisfaction with wage of clerical staff in hospital depending on individual and environmental variables: the sample is too small to represent the general wage level satisfaction of the whole health care organizations, since the survey hasn't covered the wage level and management of the employees in all hospitals; the professional attitude and rate of fluctuation that are closely connected with the wage level are not considered.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2005

Recently among several tennis techniques forehand stroke has been greatly changed in the aspect of spin, grip and stance. The most fundamental factor among the three factors is the stance which consists of open, square and closed stance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations between the segments of the body, the three dimensional anatomical angle according to open, close, and square stance patterns during forehand stroke in tennis. For the movement analysis three dimensional cinematographical method(APAS) was used and for the calculation of the kinematic variables a self developed program was used with the LabVIEW 6.1 graphical programming(Johnson, 1999) program. By using Eular's equations the three dimensional anatomical Cardan angles of the joint and racket head angle were defined. In conclusion, the first hypothesis, "In three dimensional maximum linear velocity of racket head would be significant difference among the stance patterns during forehand stroke in tennis" was rejected. The second hypothesis, "In three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of trunk would be significant difference among the stance patterns during forehand stroke in tennis" was rejected and the result showed that the internal-external rotation showed most important role among the three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of trunk The third hypothesis, "In three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of upperlimb would be significant difference among the stance patterns during forehand stroke in tennis" was rejected and the result showed that The three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of shoulder joint showed most important role in forehand stroke. Flexion-extension and internal-external rotation the open stance showed the largest angular displacement and is follwed by square stance and closed stance. The fourth hypothesis, "In three dimensional anatomical angular velocity of upperlimb would be significant difference among the stance patterns during forehand stroke in tennis" was rejected and the result showed that X-axis angular velocity and Z-axis angular velocity the square stance showed the largest angular velocity of the trunk and X-axis angular velocity and Y-axis angular velocity the closed stance showed the largest angular velocity of the shoulder joint.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.89-112
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• 2016

본 논문은 환경쿠즈네츠곡선가설에 기반을 두고, 경제개발 수준과 기술혁신수준이 다른 전세계 88개 국가에 대한 패널데이터를 이용하여, 기술혁신이 이산화탄소배출량 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기술혁신이 온실가스배출량에 직접적으로 미치는 효과와 소득수준을 변화시켜 온실가스배출량에 미치는 간접적 효과를 종합해본 결과, 비록 미세하지만 기술혁신은 결과적으로 온실가스배출량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 패널데이터 모형은 각 '시점 내'에서 변수 간 효과를 분석하는 정태적 모형이라는 한계를 가지고 있다. 이를 개선하기 위해 본 논문에서 채용한 Panel VAR(Panel Vector Auto Regression)모형에서는 기술혁신수준이 시차를 두고 온실가스 배출량에 미치는 영향을 분석할 수 있다. 분석 결과 기술혁신(R&D 투자)과 같은 외생적 충격(Shock)이 일인당 온실가스 배출량 감축에 3년 정도의 시차를 두고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.571-595
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• 2010

본 연구는 1971년~2007년까지 아시아 11개국에 대한 일인당 상대(relative per capita) $CO_2$배출량의 확률적 수렴성(stochastic convergence)을 검정하고 일인당 상대 GDP와의 환경쿠즈네츠곡선(Environmental Kuznets Curve: EKC)가설을 검정하고자 하였다. 본 분석을 위하여 다중의 내생적 구조변화(multiple structural breaks)를 허용하고 횡단면 주체간 의존성(cross-sectional dependence)을 고려하는 Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2005)의 패널정상성검정(panel stationarity test)과 Banerjee and Carrion-i-Silvestre (2006)과 Westerlund and Edgerton (2007)의 패널공적분(panel cointegration) 검정 방법 등을 사용하였다. 분석 결과 아시아 국가들에서의 일인당 상대 $CO_2$배출량에서 장기 그룹평균 수준으로 확률적 수렴이 이루어지고 있었고 일인당 상대 GDP와의 사이에 공적분관계가 성립하였지만 EKC 가설의 존재를 발견하지 못하였다. 경제성장 발전에 우선적으로 정책을 집행하고 있는 아시아 국가에서는 오염배출량 감소보다 증가하는 국가들의 영향력이 크게 나타나 EKC 가설이 성립하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.400-413
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of informational intervention on postoperative pain following tonsillectomy in children. This study was performed on 30 children, aged 5-15 years, undergoing tonsillectomy and their parents by providing informational intervention with colored figure; operation procedure and information. Pain assessment was done by Pain Questionnaire. The results from this study were as follows : 1. Children in experimental group with mean 16.07 had lower pain scores than control group with mean 14.87 at 4th hours after operation(p<0.05). It showed 'significant difference' and first hypothesis was adopted. 2. Children in experimental group with mean 20.60 had lower pain scores than control group with mean 17.27 at 8th hours after operation(p<0.05). It showed 'significant difference' and second hypothesis was adopted. 3. Children in experimental group with mean 28.80 had lower pain scores than control group with mean 25.70 at 24th hours after operation(p<0.05). It showed 'significant difference' and third hypothesis was adopted. 4. When we analyzed the time difference and difference between two groups simultaneously by repeated measure ANOVA, the significant difference was not found. And so 'the experiential group with operation-related information will show the lower pain sense than the control group just as the time flows after operation', fourth hypothesis was rejected. Generally, it was found that providing information about operation to children and their parents reduced effectively postoperative pain in children, but in clinical settings there are minimum preoperative information-providing because of insufficient time and inconvenience although nursing staffs and patients know its needs. Conclusionally providing preoperative information should help children and their parents cope with Pre, Peri and Post operative events effectively.