• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.274-282
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• 2016

This paper proposes code optimization techniques to reduce energy consumption of complex multimedia applications in a hybrid memory system with volatile dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and non-volatile spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive RAM (STT-MRAM). The proposed approach analyzes read/write operations for variables in an application. Based on the profile, variables with a high read operation are allocated to STT-MRAM, and variables with a high write operation are allocated to DRAM to reduce energy consumption. In this paper, to optimize code for real-life complicated applications, we develop a profiler, a code modifier, and compiler/link scripts. The proposed techniques are applied to a Fast Forward Motion Picture Experts Group (FFmpeg) application. The experiment reduces energy consumption by up to 22%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1341-1345
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• 2005

Sequential Monte Carlo techniques are a set of powerful and versatile simulation-based methods to perform optimal state estimation in nonlinear non-Gaussian state-space models. We can use Monte Carlo particle filters adaptively, i.e. so that they simultaneously estimate the parameters and the signal. However, Sequential Monte Carlo techniques require the use of special panicle filtering techniques which suffer from several drawbacks. We consider here an alternative approach combining particle filtering and Sequential Hybrid Monte Carlo. We give some examples of applications in fisheries(luespotted mud hopper data).

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.63-70
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• 2000

In 1925, H.J. Joosten was the first in the world to use chemical injection grouts composed of sodium silicate and calcium chloride. This unique development prompted the introduction of other chemical grouting techniques. Among these chemical grouting techniques, sodium silicate based grout has been the most widely used in the world, but it has not been generally considered to be a permanent material. Therefore, studies to improve the weak points of sodium silicate based grout have been conducted, and new applications of grout were recently developed. We also developed the micro fine hybrid silicate grout of suspention type which properties are sepecialized as the high strength and durability, according to the reactant of special sodium silicate grout and the high strength hardener. As the results of this study we could derive the 2 times over high strength of Micro fine hybrid Silicate grouting method(MS method) more than that of the ordinary sodium silicate grout. And also we could confirm that the alkali leakage of micro fine hybrid silicate grout is less than that of ordinary sodium silicate grout. So we could get the high strength and durability of hybrid silicate grout are superior to those of ordinary sodium silicate grout.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2013

Two design techniques for more accurate and more convenient hybrid positioning system with visible light communication (VLC) and ad-hoc wireless network infrastructure are proposed, in order to overcome the problems of high estimation error, high cost, and limited service range of the conventional positioning techniques. First method is based on a non-carrier VLC based hybrid positioning technique for applications involving of low data rate optical sensing and narrow-range visible light reception from transmitter, and long-range positioning. The second method uses a 4 MHz carrier VLC-based hybrid positioning technique for a high data rate optical sensing and wide-range visible light receiving from transmitter, and mid-range positioning applications. In indoor environments with obstacles where there are long-range 7731.4cm and mid-range 2368cm distances between an observer and a target respectively, the hybrid positioning developed with two design techniques are tested, and the proposed system is verified and analyzed in this paper.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.34-39
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• 2019

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are expected to be the major techniques that lead to the next generation wireless communication. NOMA provides a high spectrum efficiency by sharing of spatial resources among users in the same frequency band. Meanwhile, millimeter-wave gives a huge underutilized bandwidth at extremely high frequency band (EHF) which covers 30GHz to 300GHz. These techniques have been proven in several recent literatures to achieve high data rates. The combination of NOMA and millimeter-wave techniques further improves average sum capacities, as well as reduces the interference compared to conventional wireless communication systems. In this paper, we focus on hybrid NOMA system working in millimeter-wave frequency. We propose a clustering algorithm used for a hybrid NOMA scheme to optimize the usage of wireless resources. The proposed clustering algorithm adds several conditions in grouping users and defining clusters to increase the probability of the successful superposition decoding process. The performance of the proposed clustering algorithm is investigated in hybrid NOMA system and compared with the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1411-1420
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• 2003

Comparative maps, representing chromosomal locations of homologous genes in different species, are useful sources of information for identifying candidate disease genes and genes determining complex traits. They facilitate gene mapping and linkage prediction in other species, and provide information on genome organization and evolution. Here, the current gene mapping and comparative mapping status of the major livestock species are presented. Two techniques were widely used in comparative mapping: FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) and PCR-based mapping using somatic cell hybrid (SCH) or radiation hybrid (RH) panels. New techniques, using, for example, ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) or CASTS (Comparatively Anchored Sequence Tagged Sites), also have been developed as useful tools for analyzing comparative genome organization in livestock species, further enabling accurate transfer of valuable information from one species to another.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.780-787
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• 2017

The propellant grain configuration is a design variable that determines the shape and performance of a solid rocket motor. Grain configuration variables have complicated effects on the motor performance; so the global optimization problem has to be solved in order to design the configuration variables. The grain performance has been analyzed by means of the grain burn-back and internal ballistic analysis, and the optimization technique searches for the configuration variables that satisfy the requirements. The deterministic and stochastic optimization techniques have been applied for the grain optimization, but the results are imperfect. In this study, the optimization design of the configuration variables has been performed using the hybrid optimization technique, which combines those two techniques. As a result, the hybrid optimization technique has proved to be efficient for the grain optimization design.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.176-185
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• 2015

The study aims to a design hybrid frequency synthesizer in spectrum analyzer and to propose new techniques designed for evasion of in-band spurious. The study focuses on calculating the exact location of multiple phase locked loop of hybrid frequency synthesizer and spurious of direct digital synthesizer to evade in-band spurious outside of frequency range that the user wants to see and thereby simulating technique to improve input related spurious of spectrum analyzer for algorithm. The proposed technique is designed to calculate spurious evasion algorithm in central processing system when in-band spurious arises, and to move output frequency of DDS(direct digital synthesizer) into the place where no in-band spurious exists thereby improving performance of frequency synthesizer. The study used simulation and result representation to prove the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2023

Three dimensional (3D) packaging is a next-generation packaging technology that vertically stacks chips such as memory devices. The necessity of 3D packaging is driven by the increasing demand for smaller, high-performance electronic devices (HPC, AI, HBM). Also, it facilitates innovative applications across another fields. With growing demand for high-performance devices, companies of semiconductor fields are trying advanced packaging techniques, including 2.5D and 3D packaging, MR-MUF, and hybrid bonding. These techniques are essential for achieving higher chip integration, but challenges in mass production and fine-pitch bump connectivity persist. Advanced bonding technologies are important for advancing the semiconductor industry. In this review, it was described 3D packaging technologies for chip integration including mass reflow, thermal compression bonding, laser assisted bonding, hybrid bonding.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.196-204
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• 2024

The security of data and information using encryption algorithms is becoming increasingly important in today's world of digital data transmission over unsecured wired and wireless communication channels. Hybrid encryption techniques combine both symmetric and asymmetric encryption methods and provide more security than public or private key encryption models. Currently, there are many techniques on the market that use a combination of cryptographic algorithms and claim to provide higher data security. Many hybrid algorithms have failed to satisfy customers in securing data and cannot prevent all types of security threats. To improve the security of digital data, it is essential to develop novel and resilient security systems as it is inevitable in the digital era. The proposed hybrid algorithm is a combination of the well-known RSA algorithm and a simple symmetric key (SSK) algorithm. The aim of this study is to develop a better encryption method using RSA and a newly proposed symmetric SSK algorithm. We believe that the proposed hybrid cryptographic algorithm provides more security and privacy.