• Entomological Research
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.490-498
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• 2018

Ruspolia differens (Serville) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) is a highly valued edible grasshopper species in Africa. However, the effects of plant diets on lipid content and fatty acid composition of R. differens are not well understood. We tested the effects of four diets on the total lipid content and fatty acid composition of R. differens. Sixth instar nymphs of R. differens were reared on one, and mixtures of two, three, and six natural plant inflorescences. Individuals collected from the field constituted a control treatment. We extracted lipids and analyzed the fatty acid methyl esters using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We analyzed if the total lipid content, body weight, and fatty acid composition differed among diets and between the sexes using two-way ANOVAs and a PERMANOVA model, respectively. The total lipid content and weight of R. differens did not differ among the diets. The nine common fatty acids were palmitic (mean across treatments, 26%), oleic (22%), palmitoleic (18%), linoleic (13%), stearic (7%), myristic (6%), myristoleic (4%), ${\alpha}$-linolenic (2%) and arachidic acid (1%). The composition of fatty acids and the proportion of essential fatty acids significantly differed among the diets. The proportion of essential fatty acids was highest in the control treatment (21%) but low in less diversified (one to three feed) diets (12-13%). This study demonstrates that the fatty acid composition in R. differens can be influenced through diet. Thus, with dietary manipulations, using local plants in Africa, it is possible to produce R. differens with preferred high quality essential fatty acids for human consumption.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.160-166
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• 2014

Patent and utility indicate international competitiveness in the knowledge-based society of the $21^{st}$century where both the quantity and quality of the nation's scientific intelligence and innovative technology represent key criteria to evaluate its strength. Thus, discerning the trends of patents is inevitable for further development. This research is centered on apprehending the technological current of the functional clothing of Korea, through an analysis of patents and utility models. The number of patent applications in Korea was low until the mid-1990s. However, it began to grow rapidly in the 2000s and the number of patents surpassed the number of utility starting in 2006. The technological level of invention in this field has been turned into a higher level. The IPC code with the strongest application was the field related to temperature controllable clothing (A41D 13/005), followed by surgeon or patient apparel related fields (A41D 13/12), and reflective or luminous safety devices (A41D 13/01).The main technological idea was to give functionality that could protect the human body from various hazards and represents the goal of various applied techniques. About 66% of domestic patent applications belong to individuals; however, the proportion of corporate or institutional applications(including universities) remains poor. Consequently, more systematic and long-term support for research on patents is required.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.454-460
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• 2003

The modulated frequency dependence on the pyroelectric properties of LiTaO$_3$ single crystal was investigated by the dynamic method. The pyroelectric coefficient of LiTaO$_3$ single crystal was 2.1${\times}$$10^{-8}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$ㆍK. and figure of merits for the responsivity and the detectivity were 1.31${\times}$$10^{-10}$Cㆍcm/J and 1.47${\times}$$10^{-8}$C\ulcornercm/J. respectively. The voltage responsivity corresponded with the pyroelectric voltage exhibited the highest value as about 165V /W at 4Hz and then was in inverse proportion to the frequency over 20Hz. The noise equivalent power and the detectivity at 4Hz were 8.4${\times}$$10^{-9}$ W/Hz$^{1}$2/ and 2.2${\times}$$10^{7}$ cmㆍHz$^{1}$2//W, respectively. Therefore, we could found that LiTaO$_3$ single crystal shows a excellent pyroelectric properties in low frequency region for the human body detection.tection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.218-224
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• 1998

Long-term exposure of cigarette smoke or air pollutants to human can induce damages in the airway mucociliary function and can be closely related to the irritation and sputum formation in the respiratory system. This study was undertaken to investigate whether rat trachea can be used as a tool for evaluating the cigarette smoke quality. It was identified that, through the examination with inverted microscope, ciliary beating in 1 mm long cut of nat trachea ring was continued for at least 48 hours in saline solution at $25^{\circ}C$. The ciliostasis time in a KCN solution as a positive control was decreased with increasing the concentration of KCN. There were no significant differences in the ciliostasis time by body weight and individual variation of rats. Ciliotoxicity of whole smoke trapped in saline was not significantly changed by aging for more than 6 hrs. The ciliostasis time was in inverse proportion to the number of sample cigarettes applied. As moisture in the cigarette was increased, ciliostasis time was linearly increased. Therefore, these data indicate that the ciliotoxicity test using rat trachea in vitro can be applied to evaluate the cigarette smoke quality and to search factors for the irritation and sputum formation by cigarette smoke as well as air pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.272-291
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the external characteristics of the clothes formed from the culture and worldview of Goryeo women and to identify the aesthetic characteristics. This paper posits the following: First, that the practice of Buddhism contributed to gender equality between Goryeo women and men; second, that Goryeo had a worldview of unified as in with the East and Korea differentiating from the dichotomous thinking of the West; and third, that the aesthetic characteristics of Goryeo women's clothing included (a) color contrast and an emphasis on patterns based on Pure Land Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism; (b) The beauty of unitary convergence is the beauty of freedom as an expression of various cultural exchanges and the free and open ways of thinking of Goryeo women; (c) an expression of rhythmical beauty, with the shape of line led to straight to curve line and the change of line through human body's movements; and (d) a perfect balance of proportion and symmetry based on Pure Land Buddhism.

• Atmosphere
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 2011

In this study, we have analyzed the radiative characteristics of erythemal ultraviolet-B (EUV-B from 1999 to 2005) over the Korean Peninsula. EUV-B measured at Gangneung, Anmyondo, Mokpo, and Gosan represents the measurements from clean areas and that at Seoul represents from a polluted area. The magnitudes of EUV-B increase in proportion to the latitudinal decrease. Monthly mean variation of EUV-B at noon shows the maximum value of $158.5mWm^{-2}$ in August and the minimum value of $36.4mWm^{-2}$ in December in the clean areas. Seasonal mean diurnal variation of EUV-B shows a peak around noon (12:00 ~ 13:00 hr) and its intensity varies along with a season in order of summer > spring > fall > winter. The maximum value of $56.4mWm^{-2}$ in summer is three times higher than that in winter ($14.3mWm^{-2}$). The value of EUV-B in the polluted area is lower than that in the clean areas, resulting from the effects of the blocking, reflection, and scattering of EUV-B due to high concentrations of PM10. UV-B is an essential element to synthesize vitamin D in human body. 200 IU(International Unite) of vitamin D can be formed by an exposure of 6-10% of body surface area to 0.5 MED(Minimal Erythemal Dose). In order to form vitamin D, the calculated exposure times to EUV-B are 15 min. in spring, 12 min. in summer, 18 min. in fall, and 37 min. in winter for the clean areas and 16, 16, 24, and 37 min. for the polluted area.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1272-1280
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• 2021

With changes in human dietary patterns, the proportion of high-fat and high-cholesterol foods in the daily diet has increased. As a result, the incidence rate of cholelithiasis is increasing rapidly. Many studies have reported on the crucial role that the intestinal microflora plays in the progression of gallstones. Although the whole herb of Lysimachia christinae, a traditional Chinese medicine, has long been extensively used as a remedy for cholelithiasis in China, its effects on the intestinal microflora remain unknown. Hence, in this study, we investigated the ability of the aqueous extract of L. christinae (LAE) to prevent cholesterol gallstones (CGSs) in model animals by affecting the intestinal microflora. The effects of LAE on body weight, serum lipid profile, visceral organ indexes, and histomorphology were studied in male C57BL/6J mice, which were induced by a lithogenic diet. After the 8-week study, CGSs formation was greatly reduced after LAE treatment. LAE also reduced body weight gain and hyperlipidemia and restored the histomorphological changes. Moreover, the intestinal microflora exhibited significant variation. In the model group fed the lithogenic diet, the abundances of the genera unclassified Porphyromonadaceae, Lactobacillus and Alloprevotella decreased, but in contrast, Akkermansia dramatically increased compared with the control check group, which was fed a normal diet; the administration of LAE reversed these changes. These results imply that L. christinae can be considered an efficient therapy for eliminating CGSs induced by a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, which may be achieved by influencing the intestinal microflora.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2017

Recently, the health-promoting effects of functional foods have been shown to prevent nutrition-related diseases, improve physical and mental well-being, satisfy hunger, and provide necessary nutrients for the human body. Koumiss is a common type of fermented mare's milk that has been shown to have beneficial therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis, and diarrhea as it can nourish vessels, relieve ill mood, and improve digestion. Hence, in this study, we aimed to prepare health-promoting koumiss using different concentrations of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimmum L.), which has the potential to control heart disease, hypertension, inflammation, and lung function. The pH was decreased to around 4.42-4.43, whereas the total anthocyanin (TA) content was increased to around 0.78~0.82% after fermentation of the koumiss premix. There were no significant differences in pH and TA among the three groups, including the control group. In sensory profile analysis, the taste, flavor, color, texture, and overall acceptability decreased in proportion to the added amount of flaxseed. These findings provided the first data describing the effects of flaxseed on koumiss fermentation, establishing a basis for commercial-scale production of koumiss containing fermented flax seed and for improving the health-promoting activity of koumiss.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.303-312
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• 2005

The purpose of this research is to analyze the lower part of dress forms with different sectional rotation-angles ($e.g.\;9^{\circ},\;15^{\circ},\;30^{\circ},\;45^{\circ}$) using three-dimensional measurement system and to investigate measurement properties for dress making. The dress forms used in this experiment were size 8 and six types: four from Korea and two from Japan. The instrument and tools for three-dimensional measurement was Whole Body 3D scanner (Exyma-WBS2H). The analysis program used in this experiment was Rapid Form 2004 PP1 (INUS technology, Inc, Korea). The measurement of dress forms was done three times with different sectional rotation-angles and its data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 10.0 Package. The following results were obtained: 1. With mean and standard deviation of each measured part, it was found out that the dress forms from two countries were different in size per each part. For example, the Japanese one was relatively large in middle hip and hip, compared to the Korean one. 2. The 3D analysis of the sectional rotation-angles revealed some differences between the two dress forms in sectional length per each part. 3. With cluster analysis results, it was found that there were definite differences among measurements per each part, especially in $30^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}$ sections. 4. The proportion of the dress forms showed significant differences in the curvature between center and side section of the lower parts. In addition, the shapes on the horizontal section map of the four levels (waist, middle hip, hip, and bottom) were analyzed.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2012

Dioxins are chemical substances that are not properly decomposed degradation under natural photochemical, biological and chemical conditions in the environment, and bio-accumulate through the food chain, so pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. Ninety seven percent of human exposure to dioxins comes through meat, fish, dairy consumption and so on. Pork is the largest proportion meat aspect of daily intake in the Korean food. Pigs are three times more than Cattle in terms of breeding population and production amount in the world, and the amount is increasing every year. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the exposure level of dioxins in pig's body. Also, it is required to evaluate the presence of these chemical substances in the pig's feed grain such as corn, soybeans, and tallow. The purpose of this study was to evaluate PCDD/Fs in pig's feed to search the origin of PCDD/Fs. Feed samples obtained were wheat from East Europe, corn from South America and America, soybean meal from Korea, America, South America and India and tallow from Korea. The preparation of samples was based on the EPA method 1613. Instrumental analysis was based on the use of high resolution gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). The concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), which are the most toxic potent dioxins, were not observed in any of the samples. However OCDD was detected in most of the samples. The TEQs in the feed samples were ranged from 0 pg TEQ/g to 0.09841 pg TEQ/g. Especially, the high level of TEQs was observed in the samples of wheat from East Europe and soybean meal from Korea.