Atmosphere (대기)

Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Radiative Characteristics of EUV-B over the Korean Peninsula and Exposure Time for Synthesizing Adequate Vitamin D

한반도 EUV-B 복사의 특성분석 및 적정 비타민D 합성을 위한 노출시간 산출

  • Kwak, Min Kyoung (Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae Hwan (Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • 곽민경 (부산대학교 대기환경과학과) ;
  • 김재환 (부산대학교 대기환경과학과)
  • Received : 2010.12.01
  • Accepted : 2011.03.19
  • Published : 2011.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, we have analyzed the radiative characteristics of erythemal ultraviolet-B (EUV-B from 1999 to 2005) over the Korean Peninsula. EUV-B measured at Gangneung, Anmyondo, Mokpo, and Gosan represents the measurements from clean areas and that at Seoul represents from a polluted area. The magnitudes of EUV-B increase in proportion to the latitudinal decrease. Monthly mean variation of EUV-B at noon shows the maximum value of $158.5mWm^{-2}$ in August and the minimum value of $36.4mWm^{-2}$ in December in the clean areas. Seasonal mean diurnal variation of EUV-B shows a peak around noon (12:00 ~ 13:00 hr) and its intensity varies along with a season in order of summer > spring > fall > winter. The maximum value of $56.4mWm^{-2}$ in summer is three times higher than that in winter ($14.3mWm^{-2}$). The value of EUV-B in the polluted area is lower than that in the clean areas, resulting from the effects of the blocking, reflection, and scattering of EUV-B due to high concentrations of PM10. UV-B is an essential element to synthesize vitamin D in human body. 200 IU(International Unite) of vitamin D can be formed by an exposure of 6-10% of body surface area to 0.5 MED(Minimal Erythemal Dose). In order to form vitamin D, the calculated exposure times to EUV-B are 15 min. in spring, 12 min. in summer, 18 min. in fall, and 37 min. in winter for the clean areas and 16, 16, 24, and 37 min. for the polluted area.

Keywords

References

  1. 김도용, 이상득, 김지영, 우종택, 오재호, 2006: 목포연안지역의 안개특성에 관한 연구. 한국환경과학회지, 15(7), 623-634.
  2. 김준, 조희구, 이윤곤, 오성남, 백선균, 2005: 서울 상공의 최신 성층권 오존 변화 경향. 한국기상학회 대기지, 15(2), 101-118.
  3. 송병현, 홍기만, 최병철, 조희구, 2005: 지구대기감시관측소에서의 최근 EUV-B 관측 결과. 한국기상학회지, 41(3), 461-471.
  4. 이병곤, 1991: 한국인 피부의 자외선 감수성과 SPF 측정치에 미치는 인자의 영향. 대한화장품학회지, 17(1), 1-17.
  5. 전우근, 박병권, 조희구, 2000: 오존 전량의 전구 변화. 한국 기상학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 초록집, 160-161.
  6. 조희구, 권효정, 최치영, 1998: 오존층 감소에 따르는 지표 홍반 자외선 복사의 증가. 한국기상학회지, 34(2), 272-281.
  7. 조희구, 이방용, 이준석, 박선욱, 2001: 한국 전역의 지표 홍반 자외선 복사의 계절기후. 한국기상학회지, 37(5), 525-539.
  8. 홍기만, 조천호, 2007: 지구대기감시관측소에서 관측한 자외선지수의 최근 경향, 2007년 환경공동학술대회 초록집, 207-208.
  9. Baird, C. 1995: Environmental Chemistry. Freeman, p22.
  10. Burk, R.J.1998: Ultraviolet Radiation and Public Health. Health Physics Society.
  11. Eck, T. F., P. K. Bhartia and J. B. Kerr, 1995: Satellite estimation of spectral UVB irradiance using TOMS derived total ozone and UV reflectivity. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 611-614. https://doi.org/10.1029/95GL00111
  12. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, editor. SCF/CS/NUT/ UPPLEV/38 Final, 2002: HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of Vitamin D. Brussels, Belgium, 1-10-0030.
  13. Garland, C.F., R.B. Shekelle, E. Barrett-Connor et al., 1985: Dietary vitamin D and calcium and risk of colorectal cancer: a 19-year prospective study in men. Lancet, 1, 307-309.
  14. Glerup H., K. Mikkelsen, L. Poulsen, E. Hass, S. Overbeck, J. Thomsen et al, 2000: Commonly recommended daily intake of vitamin D is not sufficient if sunlight exposure is limited. J Intern Med, 247, 260-268. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00595.x
  15. Holick, M.F. 2001: Sunlight "D" ilemma: risk of skin cancer or bone disease and muscle weakness. Lancet, 357, 4-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03560-1
  16. Janowski, E.C., G.E. Lester, C.R. Weinberg et al., 1999: Association between low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and breast cancer risk. Public Health Nutr, 2, 283-291.
  17. Koepke, P., J. Reuder and J. Schween, 2004: UV RADIATION IN PAST AND FUTURE-Modelling with all atmospheric parameters including clouds. Proceedings of International Radiation Symposium (IRS 2004), 158-159.
  18. Norman, A. W. 1998: Sunlight, season, skin pigmentation, vitamin D, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D: integral components of the vitamin D endocrine system. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition(Am J Clin Nutr.), 67, 1108-1110 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/67.6.1108
  19. Robaa, S.M. 2004: A study of ultraviolet solar radiation at Cairo urban area, Egypt. Solar Energy, 77, 251-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2004.01.008
  20. Solar Light, 1993: UV-Biometer User's Manual, Solar Light Co., p459
  21. Vieth, R. 1999: Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitmin D concentrations, and safety. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition(Am J Clin Nutr.), 69, 842-856. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/69.5.842
  22. Wallace, J.M. and P. V. Hobbs. 1977: Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey. Academic Press, p328, p295.
  23. Webb, A.R., B.R. DeCosta, and M.F. Holick. 1989: Sunlight regulates the cutaneous production of vitamin D3 by causing its photodegradation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 68, 882-887. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-68-5-882
  24. WHO, 2002: GLOBAL SOLAR UV INDEX. A Practical Guide. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data, p2.
  25. WMO, 1994: Report of the WMO meeting of experts on UV-B measurements, data quality and standardization of UV-indices. WMO report, 25.