• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.11-27
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop highly valued fashion cultural items using Korean face and human images to enhance global competition. The methods of this study include: historical study on the face/human images which appear on the dress; design by stage according to Lamb & Kallal's apparel design process; development of products using digital textile printing technology; and case study by objective evaluation through Grant's alpha-beta model. The procedure and the results of this study are as follows: First, in the problem identification stage, the need to develop fashion cultural products of Korean face/human images which are symbolic, aesthetic, and functional was recognized in order to enhance global competition. Second, in the preliminary idea stage, the fashion cultural products and the components that meet the above 3 standards for design were determined and first design was drawn up. The source of the design was extrapolated from face/human images, which appeared on the murals of the ancient Korea, the portraits and custom paintings from the Chosun Dynasty. From these images, a total of 7 design series of T-shirts with an "ULGUL" logo, scarves, and artwalls were developed using "obangsaek" which are five Korean traditional colors including red, blue, black. white, and yellow on cottons and silks. Third, in the design refinement stage, based on the preference survey, more varying design methods were used to develop 25 new designs. Fourth, in prototype development stage, based on the preference survey conducted on fashion professionals and general public from the previous stage, which showed preference for T-shirts and scarves, 3 designs on T-shirts and 2 designs on scarves were printed and produced using the DTP (Digital Textile Printing). Fifth, in the evaluation stage, Grant's alpha-beta model was used to perform comparative evaluation on the symbolic, aesthetic, and functional criteria of the new designs over the existing ones. The new designs received excellent results in all three criteria and a special recognition was given to symbolism of the new designs.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.813-820
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• 2005

The beauty itself cannot be changed by the time, but the concept of the beauty can be influence by the time and cultural background. The purpose of this study is to analyze the beautiful faces or ugly faces among the young women and to provide useful guideline to make up for the modem concept of beauty. The facial photographs of 180 adlut women(aged between 20 and 29) in Pusan and Ulsan area were sampled to be measured and classified as the beautiful or ordinary or ugly faces. Data were analyzed by Frequencies, Mean, Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The major results were as followings; the Beautiful face has a relatively small face with a broad forehead and a small lower face. It also has a wide palpebral fissure, narrow intercanthal distance, a narrow nose and a big mouth. Physiognomic face length was 182.38mm, the upper face length was 59.82mm, the middle face length 60.82mm, the lower face length 61.76mm, and the index of face length to face breadth was 1.35. And also the faces within the figures are considered as the beautiful or ordinary or ugly faces from those measurements like face length/bizygion breadth, intercanthal distance, mouth width, upper vermilion height, lower vermilion height.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.155-167
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• 2007

There are four types of human beings according to the Sasang Typology, Oriental medical doctors frequently prescribe healthcare information and treatment depending on one's type, The feature ratios (Table 1) on the human face are the most important criterions to decide which type a patient is. In this paper, we proposed a system to extract these feature ratios from the people's side face, There are two challenges in acquiring the feature ratio: one that selecting representative features; the other, that detecting region of interest from human profile facial image effectively and calculating the feature ratio accurately. In our system, an adaptive color model is used to separate human side face from background, and the method based on geometrical model is designed for region of interest detection. Then we present the error analysis caused by image variation in terms of image size and head pose, To verify the efficiency of the system proposed in this paper, several experiments are conducted using about 173 korean's left side facial photographs. Experiment results shows that the accuracy of our system is increased 17,99% after we combine the front face features with the side face features, instead of using the front face features only.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.171.4-171
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• 2001

This paper proposes a method of human- robot interaction (HRI) using face directional gesture. A single CCD color camera is used to input face region, and the robot recognizes the face directional gesture based on the facial feature´s positions. One can give a command such as stop, go, left and right turn to the robot using the face directional gesture. Since the robot also has the ultra sonic sensors, it can detect obstacles and determine a safe direction at the current position. By combining the user´s command with the sensed obstacle configuration, the robot selects the safe and efficient motion direction. From simulation results, we show that the robot with HRI is more reliable for the robot´s navigation.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated age differences of preference and trust ratings when the appearance of an artificial intelligent speaker resembles a human face. The appearance of the artificial intelligent speaker was presented in seven levels from robot face to human face. In addition, face stimuli were divided into gender (male and female) and age (20s / 60s). Participants evaluated the reliability and likability of each face stimulus on a 7-point scale. The results show that younger adults tend to prefer the face that was halfway between the robot and the human face, while older adults evaluated that the perceived reliability and likability were higher when the stimuli resembled the human face. When asked to choose the most preferred of the four face categories, all participants chose a younger face. However, with additional conditions including emoticon face and empty condition, older adults still preferred human face, while younger adults preferred emoticon face and empty condition. Taken together, older adults are more receptive to human faces than robotic faces in the context of artificial intelligence speakers. Because artificial intelligent speakers can play an important role in the elderly living alone, the present study will be a good reference in the design and development of artificial intelligent speakers for the elderly users.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.765-767
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• 1998

Many application in human computer interaction(HCI) require tacking a human face and facial features. In this paper we propose efficient parallel processing system for face tracking under heterogeneous networked. To track a face in the video image we use the skin color information and connected components. In terms of parallelism we choose the master-slave model which has thread for each processes, master and slaves, The threads are responsible for real computation in each process. By placing queues between the threads we give flexibility of data flowing

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.127-136
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• 2021

Real-time human recognition is a challenging task, as the images are captured in an unconstrained environment with different poses, makeups, and styles. This limitation is addressed by generating several facial images with poses, makeup, and styles with a single reference image of a person using Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). In this paper, we propose deep learning-based human recognition using integration of GAN and Spatial Domain Techniques. A novel concept of human recognition based on face depiction approach by generating several dissimilar face images from single reference face image using Domain Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks (DT-GAN) combined with feature extraction techniques such as Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Histogram is deliberated. The Euclidean Distance (ED) is used in the matching section for comparison of features to test the performance of the method. A database of millions of people with a single reference face image per person, instead of multiple reference face images, is created and saved on the centralized server, which helps to reduce memory load on the centralized server. It is noticed that the recognition accuracy is 100% for smaller size datasets and a little less accuracy for larger size datasets and also, results are compared with present methods to show the superiority of proposed method.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.329-335
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to inquiry a philosophical foundation for the nursing ethics according to the Levinas' ethics which had emphasis on face to face interpersonal relationship and responsibility for the vulnerable other. Method: First of all, for the foundation of nursing ethics, a understanding of human vulnerability was a starting point; the nurse's bodily sensibility was regarded as a basis for the possibility of the ethical interpersonal relationship. Then, based on Levinas's ethics, it was explained how the moral responsibility for the calling of the suffering other could occur in nursing situation. Result: Nursing implied the altruistic ethical dimension on the subject of the responsibility for the vulnerable other. A nurse as ethical subject in her sensitive passivity is affected by the suffering other and exposed to the other. A nurse herself/himself has to response to the ethical demand of suffering other and to take responsibility for it. After all, based on the Levinas's ethics, the ethical interpersonal relationship could be characterized as the face to face relation, and responsibility for the suffering other. Conclusion: In view of that, his ethical approach could be a proper theory for the explanation of the face to face relationship and altruistic feather of the nursing ethics based human bodily sensibility.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1339-1347
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• 2020

This study is a preliminary study to design a character automation system that considers the facial characteristics of mammals. The experimental data of this study was conducted on dogs (dog breeds) and humans, which were designed to be used in many contents. First, data was extracted from 100 types of dogs and 100 human data. Second, the criteria for measuring the ratio of important parts of the dog and human face were suggested. In addition, a comparative analysis of the face of a dog and a human face is conducted. Lastly, by analyzing the main component(PCA), the most characteristic elements in the faces of dogs and humans were analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that the length of the face, the size of the eyes, the length of the glabellar, and the length of the glabellar and other parts are important. Through this study, the features of the dog's face that are different from humans are expected to contribute to the animal character automation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.141-144
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• 1999

MPEG-4 SNHC FBA(face and body animation) group is going to standardize the MPEG-4 system for low-bit rate communication with the implementation and animation of human body and face on virtual environment. In the first version of MPEG-4 standard, only the face object will be implemented and animated by using FDP (face definition parameter) and FAP(facial animation parameter), which are the abstract parameters of human face for low-bit rate coding. In this paper, MPEG-4 SNHC face object and it's animation were implemented based on the computer graphics tools such as VRML and OpenGL.