With the improved quality of life standards interior design is recently gaining more concerns than ever before. This requires more well organized and standardized business and marketing in the field. Consequently, a few interior design firms concern about computerizing their marketing process to do this. This paper focuses on developing a computerized consulting system assisting interior design. For this a standardized consulting process is developed. The process includes the input of customer's information, surveying customer's preferences on interior design styles, estimation and budget adjustment, suggesting packages and interior items, and printing consulting results. The system developed is valuable in three different viewpoints: First, from the customer's view it can be a decision-making tool. Second, from the consultant's point of view it is a front-end marking tool. Third, it is an information collector from the viewpoint of an interior design firm.
Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
/
v.20
no.3
/
pp.3-11
/
2019
The construction of a facility is an act whereby infrastructure such as roads and railways and other facilities such as housing and office spaces are constructed, and due to the characteristics of the relevant industry where such construction is carried out in a custom order method, it requires a long period of time mostly. While the construction is carried out over a long period of time, fluctuations in the price of raw materials required for the construction occur. Therefore, the cost of the construction also fluctuates inevitably. The fluctuation of the construction cost meshes closely with the profit of a constructor and the efficiency of government spending. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the construction cost at a reasonable level by adjusting the construction cost rationally in order to secure the required construction quality and spend the budget efficiently. The buffer system for solving such problem is the contract amount adjustment system by fluctuations in prices (Escalation/De-Escalation). In this study, the method combining the escalation method based on the item adjustment method was suggested for an efficient contract amount adjustment method. In addition, it is proposed that there be an investigation and codification of matters not applied to government acts and regulations on contracts related to the adjustment of fluctuations in prices legally.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the spread on housing mortgage loans. In particular, this study analyzes how the spread has a decisive effect on housing mortgage loans when a structural change occurs in the spread. For the sake of empirical analysis, this study utilizes the housing mortgage loan, housing mortgage loan interest rate, COFIX interest rate, and spread. The period of analysis is from December 2010 to December 2017. Results of the analysis show that there is a statistically significant structural change in the spread and housing mortgage loans (May and June 2015, respectively). It is estimated that the structural change in the spread has an influence on the structural change in housing mortgage loans. In addition, the effect of the spread on housing mortgage loans is larger than the effect of the COFIX interest rate and the housing mortgage loan interest rate. This indicates that the adjustment of the spread is a significant burden on housing mortgage loans. As economic uncertainties both internally and externally are increasing, pressure on interest rate hikes is also increasing. Considering these circumstances, interest rate hikes will be inevitable in the future. If the base interest rate and the spread increase simultaneously at Korea's current economic level, it will obviously lead to an economic recession as the burden on the repayment of principal and interest of housing mortgage loans will increase. Therefore, it is imperative that financial authorities prepare institutional arrangements in order to protect financial consumers by preventing arbitrary calculation of the spread, which would not be objective and would not be transparent from the banks.
Korean government has launched a new public rental housing policy for younger generation suffering from instable housing conditions in CBD area. This paper is to analyze the financial feasibility of urban public rental housing projects, based on its cash flows. Urban rental housing projects should find out the way to reduce costs and to secure cheap land, because of the high land price in CBD area and complex relationship of legal rights. Project types are categorized by the land acquisition method and district characteristics. For 10 sample projects, financial feasibility was analyzed. Cash flows were calculated on the design plan and 16 scenarios were made by combining 4 important variables. The variables are increase rate of land price, increase rate of monthly rents, ratio of public and market rents, and the interest rate of National Housing Fund. The findings are as follows. Government land rent-type can reduce initial costs because it is not necessary to buy land. However, total NPV is lowered at the time of liquidation due to the land return. Private land acquisition-type require more initial costs. But the NPV at liquidation time increases with land disposal. To improve financial feasibility, acquisition-type should be preferred in high land-price area and rent-type should be preferred in low land-price area. Among influencing variables, the rate of increase in land price and the ratio of public and market rents turned out to be the most important. Although the ratio of public and market rents can be controllable, high ratio will cause the burden of tenants. Therefore, interest rate adjustment of National Housing Fund is more desirable.
Oh, Jae Sok;Park, Chan;Cha, Sang-Mok;Yuk, In-Soo;Park, Kwijong;Kim, Kang-Min;Chun, Moo-Young;Ko, Kyeongyeon;Oh, Heeyoung;Jeong, Ueejeong;Nah, Jakyuong;Lee, Hanshin;Pavel, Michael;Jaffe, Daniel T.
The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
/
v.39
no.1
/
pp.53.2-53.2
/
2014
IGRINS, the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer, is a near-infrared wide-band high-resolution spectrograph jointly developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and the University of Texas at Austin. IGRINS employs three HAWAII-2RG focal plane array (FPA) detectors. The mechanical mounts for these detectors serves a critical function in the overall instrument design: Optically, they permit the only positional compensation in the otherwise "build to print" design. Thermally, they permit setting and control of the detector operating temperature independently of the cryostat bench. We present the design and fabrication of the mechanical mount as a single module. The detector mount includes the array housing, a housing for the SIDECAR ASIC, a field flattener lens holder, and a support base. The detector and ASIC housing will be kept at 65 K and the support base at 130 K. G10 supports thermally isolate the detector and ASIC housing from the support base. The field flattening lens holder attaches directly to the FPA array housing and holds the lens with a six-point kinematic mount. Fine adjustment features permit changes in axial position and in yaw and pitch angles. We optimized the structural stability and thermal characteristics of the mount design using computer-aided 3D modeling and finite element analysis. Based on the computer simulation, the designed detector mount meets the optical and thermal requirements very well.
In this study, sediment transfer and precipitation analysis of the test bed watershed was conducted through the model for the application and practical use of the urban sediment disaster prevention technology, and used this as an aid to design to secure reliability. In addition, conducted the test bed monitoring with the defense technology, analyzed the effect, and established the maintenance plan. Analyzed the change of soil deposition volume through arbitrary slope adjustment for the currently installed stormwater conduit of the test bed watershed. As a result, it is important to reduce the total sedimentation amount in the adjustment of the slope of the entire pipeline, but it is important that the sedimentation depth of each sediment does not rise to such a degree as to threaten the performance of the pipeline. Considering these matters, it is necessary to design the pipeline to prevent the clogging of the soil from the viewpoint of the reliability of the entire pipeline. The sediment disaster defense technology test bed is divided into a new city and an old city, and old city test bed is under construction. The result obtained through the monitoring of the test bed in the new city, sediment disasters such as debris can delay the time to reach the downtown area, and it is possible to secure the golden time, such as evacuation and rescue through the warning system. Also, the maintenance of the test bed application was suggested. Continuous and systematic monitoring is required for securing the reliability of element technology and successful commercialization.
Living conditions of the rural elderly were assessed in terms of clothing behavior, health and nutritional status, housing and envioronmental condition, and psychological adjustment. The subjects were eighty individuals over sixty residing in the rural community of Iksan-kun, Chollabukdo. The interview method using questionnaires, direct measurement, and observation was used for this study. Data were compared with those obtained from a previous study of the elderly residing in an urban area. Clothing behavior showed that the elderly residing in the rural community were more concerned about plain and conservative design of clothes than their urban counterparts. Special protective clothes for cropdusting with agricultural chemicals had not been prepared. The following urgent needs were pointed out: development and supply of agricultural chemical protective clothing and development and education of appropriate washing and clothing care methods. The health status of the elderly was generally good, but poor eating habits were found more frequently in the rural elderly than among the urban dwellers. Several dietary nutrient intakes were insufficient. Contrasting the urban elderly with the rural group, it was found that the urban group lacked sufficient vitamin A and vitamin C and the urban women had insufficient calorie whereas the rural group was deficient in protein, vitamin A, calorie, and fat. A significant relationship was found between dietary nutrient intake and health index, food habit points, self recognized health status, meal satisfaction, and economic status. Urgent needs of the development of a nutrition education program for the elderly were pointed out. Most of elderly residing in the surveyed rural communities were living alone or with their spouse only, therefore only one room was used among the three or four available rooms. Most of the rural elderly were living either in a traditional Korean house built with differing floor levels or in a modified Korean style house. Minimal modernization had been made for kitchen facilities such as sink and gas range or for heating facilities with the briquette boiler. However, sanitary space such as lavatory and bathroom had not been remodeled. A housing welfare program for rural communities should be implemented at the national level. The comparison of psychological characteristics of the rural elderly with their city counterparts revealed that the rural elderly have a more stable psychological status and optimistic attitude than those living in a city. However, it was found that most of the elderly did not have any future plan. Community programs for the elderly including hobbies or leisure activities or education programs to generate close interpersonal relationships with their children should be developed and provided.
This study has examined how residents view the remodeling process of their old apartment and the actual conditions of apartment remodeling case in Yonggang-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, in Korea. The questionnaire survey has been conducted to apartment residents in Seoul who want to have their houses remodeled in order to specifically find out how they view remodeling process. Furthermore, interviews have been conducted with persons who were in charge of remodeling operations, and related data have been analyzed by conducting on-the-spot survey on apartment in Yonggang-dong. The major findings were as follows 1. The residents pointed out the biggest problem is the lack of information in the remodeling process. Therefore, education and PR on remodeling to residents should be kept on in order for them to play a key role in remodeling operation. 2. In Yonggang apartment remodeling process several problems have been found such as the difficulty of obtainning unanimous consent from residents, the lack of the active and positive participation of residents and the absent of the drawing. Therefore, to activate remodeling of the apartment complex, it needs not only to induce the residents to participate positively, but also to make a practical adjustment on current special repairing allowance.
The purpose of this research lies in providing basic data for appropriate territorial adjustment within the family by understanding the relation to family members and how 'territorial dislocations' caused by differences in personal space and behavioral domains are used and controlled as living elements. As a result, the following data could be obtained. 1. General usage conditions of living elements. When the order of usage conditions of living elements is reviewed, the living elements interspersed at the personal space and behavioral territory in public and private spaces show a high usage rate, and in the case where living elements are shared with other families, many living elements are controlled by each family. Also, for living elements with a high possibility of sharing, a high consciousness for public usage is shown rather than elements controlling the territory, and the usage rate as territory controlling living elements is not high. 2. Compared to Japan, in Korea elements that can be placed at a certain location are often used as elements that resolve 'territorial dislocation', using furniture rather than objects. On the other hand, in Japan 'territorial dislocation' is often resolved by establishing a personal territory within the living space. Lastly, compared to Japan, in Korea 'territorial dislocation' is often resolved by maintaining a personal territory spatially rather than territorially.
This study suggests that the system improvement priority of the Natural Conservation Zone of the Metropolitan Area Maintenance Planning Law, which was enacted for about 37 years. First of all, through the precedent research and the consultation meeting, the improvement plan was divided into the short term and the mid(or long) term. Important findings and implications are as follows. The short-term priority results were 'Improve water quality regulation', 'Strengthen individual location regulations of factories and induce multi-use plan position', and 'Improvement of waterfront area regulation', which were both critical and urgent. The mid-term(or Long-term) priority results were 'To integrate development and environmental duplication regulations', 'Abolition and unification of environmental laws', and 'Adjustment and resetting of natural conservation areas', which were both critical and urgent. On the other hand, 76.4% of the residents and 64.5% of the experts are concerned about the necessity of improvement of the Natural Conservation Zone system. Both residents and experts seem to be aware of the necessity. Opinions about Improvement and mitigation of regulations on Natural Conservation Zone that were constantly raised. In the past, there was a temporary and fragmented institutional mitigation of the government. However, with the rapid development of eco-friendly technologies since 2010, Our Country Conditions is in a transition period. This study has significant implications for the improvement and mitigation of metropolitan area regulations.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.