• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.257-265
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• 2011

To investigate host preferencse of Myzus persicae on 15 sweet pepper cultivars grown in Jeonnam Province, EPG (electrical penetration graph) and life table experiments were carried out in the laboratory. Phloem phase times were significantly longer on Ferrari, Jinju, Debla, and Rapido than Orobell and Thialf. Non-penetration times were conversely observed. Life span, reproduction period, total fecundity, and intrinsic rate of increase ($r_m$) of M. persicae, were higher on Ferrari, Debla, Orange glory, and Jinju than on Purple, GreenAce, Orobell, and Thialf. On the bases of these results, we conclude that M. persicae preferred Ferrari, Jinju, Orange glory, and Debla among the 15 tested sweet pepper varieties. However, we could not show the preference of the aphid for Purple, Orobell, and Thialf.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.179-188
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• 1988

The life cycle of Fibricola seoulensis was studied in the laboratory and in the field, with special interests in the larval developments within the eggs and in the intermediate hosts. The first emergence of miracidia after incubation of eggs in 26C water began on the ninth day. The miracidia, elongate and cylindrical shape, had epidermal plates in the formula of 6, 9, 4 and 3, with two pairs of flame cells and lateral processes. A kind of fresh water snail, Hippeutis (H.) cantori, was found to shed furcocercous cercariae from the 13th day after experimental challenge with miracidia while Physa acute failed to shed. The same kind of snail collected from the field also shed the same cercariae. The cercariae were equipped with 2 pairs of penetration glands and 5 pairs of fame cells. The tadpoles of Rana nigromaculata were found susceptible to experimental infection with the cercariae. The same kind of tadpoles collected from various areas were also found naturally infected. The metacercariae in the tadpoles which were infected experimentally became infective to the definitive host in 21 days. The metacercariae were located free in the body cavity of tadpoles, and attained sexual maturity in rats in 7 days. The present study successfully followed the complete life cycle of F. seoulensis and found that it is possible to maintain the life cycle in the laboratory.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with underlying diseases, is associated with high infection and mortality rates, which may result in acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type II is a progressive metabolic disorder that stems from cellular accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans, heparan, and dermatan sulfate. Upper and lower airway obstruction and restrictive pulmonary diseases are common complaints of patients with MPS, and respiratory infections of bacterial or viral origin could result in fatal outcomes. We report a case of COVID-19 in a 16-year-old adolescent with MPS type II, who had been treated with idursulfase since 5 years of age. Prior to infection, the patient's clinical history included developmental delays, abdominal distension, snoring, and facial dysmorphism. His primary complaints at the time of admission included rhinorrhea, cough, and sputum without fever or increased oxygen demand. His heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were within the normal biological reference intervals, and chest radiography revealed no signs of pneumonia. Consequently, supportive therapy and quarantine were recommended. The patient experienced an uneventful course of COVID-19 despite underlying MPS type II, which may be the result of an unfavorable host cell environment and changes in expression patterns of proteins involved in interactions with viral proteins. Moreover, elevated serum heparan sulfate in patients with MPS may compete with cell surface heparan sulfate, which is essential for successful interaction between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and the host cell surface, thereby protecting against intracellular penetration by SARS-CoV-2.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-16
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• 2010

The phytopathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a major limiting factor in rice production. To understand the genetic basis of M. oryzae pathogenic development, we previously analyzed a library of T-DNA insertional mutants of M. oryzae, and identified ATMT0879A1 as one of the pathogenicity-defective mutants. Molecular analyses and database searches revealed that a single TDNA insertion in ATMT0879A1 resulted in functional interference with an annotated gene, MGG00056, which encodes a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR). The mutant and annotated gene were designated as $MoSDR1^{T-DNA}$ and MoSDR1, respectively. Like other SDR family members, MoSDR1 possesses both a cofactor-binding motif and a catalytic site. The expression pattern of MoSDR1 suggests that the gene is associated with pathogenicity and plays an important role in M. oryzae development. To understand the roles of MoSDR1, the deletion mutant ${\Delta}Mosdr1$ for the gene was obtained via homology-dependent gene replacement. As expected, ${\Delta}Mosdr1$ was nonpathogenic; moreover, the mutant displayed pleiotropic defects in conidiation, conidial germination, appressorium formation, penetration, and growth inside host tissues. These results suggest that MoSDR1 functions as a key metabolic enzyme in the regulation of development and pathogenicity in M. oryzae.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.295-309
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• 2019

This paper demonstrates that the verification and analysis of the increase of hosting capacity of distributed energy resources in distribution system for the high penetration of distributed energy resources. In the case of generally designed distribution feeders in South Korea, it can host up to 10 MVA of distributed energy resources and the over voltage due to reverse power flow is prohibited beyond the range by the law of electric utility. However, it should take into consideration that there are some factors of extra hosting capacity such as generation characteristics of distributed energy resources and minimum loads that always exist to distribution system. For these reason, we choose a specific distribution system hosted 10 MVA of distributed energy resources monitored by distribution system operator and verify the impact of increasing hosting capacity such as power flow and voltage profile of distribution system. By the result, we could find that it is possible to increase the hosting capacity and define the factors to expand the hosting capacity of distributed energy resources in distribution system.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.1015-1025
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• 2014

Microorganisms that live in the rhizosphere play a pivotal role in the functioning and maintenance of soil ecosystems. The study of rhizospheric cyanobacteria has been hampered by the difficulty to culture and maintain them in the laboratory. The present work investigated the production of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the potential of biofilm formation on the rhizoplane of pea plants by two cyanobacterial strains, isolated from rice rhizosphere. The unicellular cyanobacteria Chroococcidiopsis sp. MMG-5 and Synechocystis sp. MMG-8 that were isolated from a rice rhizosphere, were investigated. Production of IAA by Chroococcidiopsis sp. MMG-5 and Synechocystis sp. MMG-8 was measured under experimental conditions (pH and light). The bioactivity of the cyanobacterial auxin was demonstrated through the alteration of the rooting pattern of Pisum sativum seedlings. The increase in the concentration of L-tryptophan and the time that this amino acid was present in the medium resulted in a significant enhancement of the synthesis of IAA (r > 0.900 at p = 0.01). There was also a significant correlation between the concentration of IAA in the supernatant of the cyanobacteria cultures and the root length and number of the pea seedlings. Observations made by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed the presence of cyanobacteria on the surface of the roots and also provided evidence for the penetration of the cyanobacteria in the endorhizosphere. We show that the synthesis of IAA by Chroococcidiopsis sp. MMG-5 and Synechocystis sp. MMG-8 occurs under different environmental conditions and that the auxin is important for the development of the seedling roots and for establishing an intimate symbiosis between cyanobacteria and host plants.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2647-2650
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancers(CRC) are the third most common cancer in the western world, with surgery preferred for management of non-metastatic disease and post surgical treatment usually arranged according to the TNM staging system. However, there is still prognostic variation between patients who have the same stage. It is increasingly recognized that variations within disease course and clinical outcome in colorectal cancer patients are influenced by not only oncological characteristics of the tumor itself but also host response factors. Recent studies have shown correlation between the inflammatory response and clinical outcomes in various cancers. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been described as a marker for immune response to various stimuli including cancer. Material-Methods: Two hundred eighty-one CRC patients were included in our retrospective analysis, separated into two groups according to a cut-off value for the NLR. Patient data including age, gender, vertical penetration, anatomic location, and differentiation of the tumor, TNM stage, survival rate, and disease-free survival were analyzed for correlations with the NLR. Results: Using ROC curve analysis, we determined a cut-off value of 2.2 for NLR to be best to discriminate between patient survival in the whole group. In univariate analysis, high pretreatment NLR (p=0.001, 95%CI 1.483-4.846), pathologic nodal stage (p<0.001, 95%CI 1.082-3.289) and advanced pathologic TNM stage (p<0.001, 95%CI 1.462-4.213) were predictive of shorter survival. In multivariate analysis, advanced pathologic TNM stage (p=0.001, 95%CI 1.303-26.542) and high pretreatment NLR (p=0.005, 95%CI 1.713-6.378) remained independently associated with poor survival. Conclusions: High pre-treatment NLR is a significant independent predictor of shorter survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This parameter is a simple, easily accessible laboratory value for identifying patients with poorer prognosis.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1405-1408
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• 2005

An embedded system has been applied to many fields including households and industrial sites. In the past, user interface products with simple functions were commercialized .but now user demands are increasing and the system has more various applicable fields due to a high penetration rate of the Internet. Therefore, the demand for embedded system is tend to rise In this paper, we Implementation of an embedded system for image tracking. This system is used a fixed IP for the reliable server operation on TCP/IP networks. A real time broadcasting of video image on the internet was developed by using an USB camera on the embedded Linux system. The digital camera is connected at the USB host port of the embedded board. all input images from the video camera is continuously stored as a compressed JPEG file in a directory at the Linux web-server. And each frame image data from web camera is compared for measurement of displacement Vector. That used Block matching algorithm and edge detection algorithm for past speed. And the displacement vector is used at pan/tilt motor control through RS232 serial cable. The embedded board utilized the S3C2410 MPU Which used the ARM 920T core form Samsung. The operating system was ported to embedded Linux kernel and mounted of root file system. And the stored images are sent to the client PC through the web browser. It used the network function of Linux and it developed a program with protocol of the TCP/IP.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 1995

Anatomical and biochemical changes of the corn root injured by the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus vulnus, were examined to understand the interactions between the nematode and the crop which can be applied to a breeding program for nematode-resistant crop. The nematode and the crop which can be applied to be a breeding program for nematode-resistant crop. The nematode entered the cortex of corn root through its epidemis. They moved to other cortical cells by breaking their cell walls. They, finally, gathered around the endodermis of the roots and the bases of the root hairs. Parasitism of the nematode formed cavities within the root tissues where the females laid eggs. Major root damage by the nematode occurred in the cortical cells where must cell walls were broken and crushed to form empty spaces. These empty spaces in the base of the root resulted in this breakdown. Damage-induced biochemical changes of the corn roots were analysed by their total protein patterns and esterase activities in both control and nematode-infected roots. Denaturing gel did not show any significant difference in the banding patterns between them. Esterase patterns and activities, also, were not significantly different between the infected and the control roots.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.270-270
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• 2002

Pathogenic Salmonella typhimurium can invade the intestinal epithelium and cause a wide range of diseases including gastroenteritis and bacteremia in human and animals. To identify the genes involved in the infection, the invasion determinant was obtained from S. typhimurium 82/6915 and was subcloned into pGEM-7Z. A subclone DHl (pSV6235) invaded HEp-2 and Chinese hamster ovary epithelial cells and contained a 4.4 kb fragment of S. typhimurium genomic region. Compared with the host strain E. coli DHl, the subclone DHl (pSV6235) invaded cultured HEp-2 and Chinese hamster ovary cells at least 75- and 68-fold higher, respectively. The invasion rate of E. coli DHl for the cells significantly increased by harbouring the genomic region derived from pathogenic S. typhimurium 82/6915.