• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.29-46
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• 2013

A survey conducted on 1,103 patients or caretakers visited Korean medical clinics and hospitals between August 25, 2011 to September 30, 2011 by the Ministry of Health and Welfares and Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs was analyzed and obtained following results: 1. For sociodemographic distribution, female(813) outnumbered male(290) patients with majority of patients ranging from 30s to 60s. Married patients(793) outnumbered unwed(150) patients and 65.0% with higher than high school education. Statistical significance was seen in gender, age, marital status, and education level but no significant difference for status of employment, income level, and types of insurance between the clinics and hospitals. (P<0.05). 45.1% had less than \2,000,000 in monthly salary and most of coverage was provided by either regional or work insurance. 2. 67.9% of the patients rated health conditions to be better than average and 32.1% listed as poor. People in good health showed tendency to visit Korean medical facilities. Musculo-skeletal conditions such as arthritis, ankle sprain, lumbago, muscular injury, and frozen shoulder were common conditions, followed by gastric disorders, common cold and herbal tonics. No significant difference was observed between the clinics and hospitals for above conditions, but significance was seen in atopic dermatitis, stroke, and sequela from traffic accidents (P<0.05). 3. Ten most common conditions addressed at Korean medical facilities were lumbago, arthritis, muscular injury, back sprain, gastric disorders, ankle sprain, common cold, herbal tonics, frozen shoulder and stroke. Major treatment modalities rendered were herbal medicine, herbal supplements, acupuncture and moxibustion, cupping, tuina, and Korean midical physical therapy. No significant difference existed between the clinics and hospitals. 4. All modalities showed at least 85% effectiveness. No statistical significant difference between the clinics and hospitals except for herbal decoction. (P=0.0452) 5. 88.3% of responses showed treatment satisfaction with significant difference between the clinics and hospitals (P=0.002). The occurrence of side effects was at 2%, mostly corning from treating digestive, skin, kidney disorders and neurological issues. No significant difference was observed between the clinics and hospitals. From the above results, the typical population visiting Korean medical facilities can be summarized as being middle aged female with relatively higher education and moderately low income. The health condition is generally good and the purpose of visit is to receive traditional treatments of acupuncture, herbal medicine, and physical therapy. Treatment efficacy and satisfaction were high with no significant differences between the clinics and hospitals.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational needs and knowledge level of traditional Korean nursing among nurses in Korean medicine hospitals. Methods: A survey design was used. A total of 180 nurses working for more than six months at 10 Korean medicine participated in this study. Data were collected in September of 2019. All data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé, and paired t-test using SPSS Statistics 25.0 program. Results: The six sub-areas of educational needs for traditional Korean nursing were knowledge of treatments, direct nursing care, types of acupuncture, manipulative therapy, diagnosis, and herbal medicine in order. Average score of the educational needs for nurses in Korean medicine hospitals was 3.77 points out of 5 points. All six sub-areas of the knowledge level were statistically significant. Average score of knowledge level about Korean medicine among nurses was 3.03 out of 5. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was found that a high level of knowledge is required or Korean medicine education. Knowledge of Korean medicine should be improved through education on thetypes of acupuncture, manipulative therapy, diagnosis, and treatment with relatively low scores. The results of this study can be used as basic data for preparing an educational system to improve the knowledge level of nurses in Korean medicine hospitals.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.442-456
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• 1993

Financial stability is the foremost prerequisite for the continuous growth and development of hospitals. The present study aimed at developing a deterministic model using the factors which affect the hospitals profitability and at discovering which factor affected the hospital profitability. The study conducted questionnaire surveys on all general hospitals, with the exception of special hospitals, with over eighty hospital beds. Of the 274 subject hospitals, 136 of them, consituting 49.6% of the whole, were used in the study. The results are as follows. 1. In the deterministic model, outpatient revenue was affected more by the number of physician visits than by outpatient service intensity. Inpatient revenue was found to be affected more by the number of discharged patients than by inpatient service intensity. However, the increase rate of the service intensity not only contributed in stepping up the operating margin by $4{\sim}8%$ in outpatient and $3{\sim}6%$ in inpatient, but it was statistically significant. 2. Among the factors which determined the operating cost within the deterministic model, the number of patients had a greater impact on the operating cost than the resource consumption per patient. 3. The resource consumption per patient were proved to have the greatest effect on the profitability within the probabilistic model. The management cost per adjusted patient, in particular, was proven to have a statistically significant effect on the profitability in all hospitals.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권sup1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2016

Background: This study investigates the perception of the general public regarding the concentration to metropolitan, hospitals of cardiac and cerebrovascular surgeries, and the perceived public need for government policies to resolve this issue. Methods: A total of 800 participants were recruited for our telephone interview survey. Quota sampling was performed, adjusting for age and sex, to select by various geographic regions. Sampling with random digit dialing was performed; we called the randomly generated telephone numbers and made three attempts for non-responders before moving on to a different telephone number. Results: Our sample population was 818 participants, 401 men (49.0%) and 417 women (51.0%). Our data showed that 85.5% of participants thought that cardiac surgery and neurosurgery patients are concentrated in large hospitals in Seoul. The principle reason for regional patients to want to receive surgery at major hospitals in Seoul was because of poor medical standards associated with regional hospitals (87.7%). We found that a vast majority of participants (97.5%) felt that government policies are needed to even out the clustering of cardiac surgery and neurosurgery patients, and that this clustering may be alleviated if policies that can specifically enhance the quality and the capacity of regional hospitals to carry out surgeries are adopted (98.3%). Conclusion: Government policy making must reflect public desiderata, and we suggest that these public health needs may be partially resolved through government-designated cardiac and neurosurgery specialist hospitals in regional areas.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2010

Objective: To investigate institutional review boards and approved clinical trials of Oriental medical hospitals in Korea Methods: We e-mailed 16 Oriental medical hospitals a survey consisting of questions that addressed two topics, institutional review boards and the clinical trials they approved. The first part included questions about whether each hospital had an institutional review board, that board's staffing and education, reviews, and expedited reviews. The clinical trials portion covered the number and types of approved clinical trials, treatment methods, whether an investigator or a sponsor initiated the trials, diseases, time frame, and clinical trial fee. Results: We received a response to our e-mail from 14 hospitals, all of which had an institutional review board. The average number of institutional review board members was 13.57. Of these Oriental medical hospitals, 70% and 49% said that they regularly educated their institutional review board staff and clinical trial, investigators, respectively. 79% of the hospitals claimed to conduct regular reviews, and 50% said that they did so monthly. The number of approved clinical trials increased sharply from 11 in 2005 to 102 in 2008. 68% of these clinical trials were randomized, and the most-used treatment methods were herbal medicine (35%) and acupuncture (29%). The most common target diseases were circulatory (19%), urinogenital (14%), and musculoskeletal (13%) disease. Conclusions: Despite the rapid increase in clinical research in oriental medical hospitals, many more efforts including raising IRB quality, varying research diseases and increasing clinical trials in the hospitals located in non-metropolitan area, should be made.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study is to know the present uses of pre-packed herbal medicine and their usefulness in Korean University Oriental Medicine Hospitals. Methods We selected 29 university hospitals to survey by using telephone and by mail. Results 1. The kind of packages that 29 hospitals uses were 2 layers, 3 layers and 3 layers with aluminum as the component layer, standing or non-standing pouch. 2. Total 24.1% hospitals are using 3 layers patch with aluminum because of their merits. The merits are preserving the quality of packaged drugs, blocking sun lights and beautiful looking, gas barrier properties and an opening convenience. 3. However, the 3 layers with aluminum packages were little bit more expensive and it can't be used in the microwaves. Conclusions This study revealed that 3 layers with aluminum packages were superior to any other packages because it can keep original flavor and properties, block sun light, and an easy opening convenience. Thus, aluminum contained 3 layer packages are better to preserve herbal medicines.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.213-223
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• 1986

Ratio analysis allows a hospital to evaluate its own performance over time and to compare its performance with that of other hospitals. For this study, three types of ratio analysis were conducted based on some data on hospitals in Massachusetts. First, Key ratios influencing financial performance were identified using discriminant analysis. Second, the financial structures of the teaching and the non-teaching hospitals were compared using ratios and multiple comparison method. Third, the effects of the prospective reimbursement law of the state on financial performance were examined using ratios and paired t-test. The purpose of the law is to reduce hospital costs by setting the revenue ceiling prior to the effective budget year. The findings of this study were as follows: 1) When hospitals were divided into three groups, according to their operating income, only profitability ratios showed a consistent difference among the groups. 2) In the discriminant analysis, five ratios were selected: current ratio, operating margin, return on assets, fixed assets turnover, and inventory turnover. They are the key ratios to be monitored periodically for the purpose of evaluating the financial performance of hospitals. 3) When teaching hospitals were compared with non-teaching hospitals, acid ratio, days of cash on hand, and inventory turnover were statistically significant before the law went into effect, whereas only fixed assets turnover and inventory turnover were significant afterward. Contrary to previous studies, profitability ratios of teaching hospitals were higher than those of non-teaching hospitals, although the differences were not statistically significant. 4) When the ratios between the two periods (before and after the law) were compared, three profitability ratios (operating margin, return on assets, and return on equity) were significant for teaching hospitals, whereas three activity ratios (total assets turnover, fixed assets turnover, current assets turnover) were significant for non-teaching hospitals. Furthermore, while both total operating revenue and expenses were decreased, net operating income was increased, due to a greater decrease in total operating expenses. This shows that the law can indeed, simultaneously, achieve both a reduction in costs as well as an improvement in the financial situation of hospitals.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.78-99
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• 2000

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the opinions of hospital managers on DRG pilot study. Methods: Managers of 800 hospitals which had participated in DRG pilot study during the period 1997-1999, were requested to respond to structured self-administerd questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed with six categories: the motivation and satisfaction for the DRG pilot study, the opinions on the level of unit price, the appropriateness of DRG classification, the change of medical service quality during the pilot study, the patient's complains resulted from DRG system. and the opinions on the nation-wide application of DRG system. Results : Of the 800 subjects, 327(clinic, 210: 25 hospitals, 82 general hospitals, and 16 tertiary hospitals) completed the questionnaire, and the overall response rate was 41%, 121 hospitals(27%) answered that they participated in DRG pilot study because of convenience of claims and 118 hospitals(35%) dissatisfied with DRG system. 251 hospitals(85%) thought that the level of unit price under the DRG system was same as or lower than that of fee-for service. 297 hospitals(92%) responded that DRG classification should be modified and 137 hospitals(47%) experienced deterioration of medical service quality during the DRG pilot study. The 116 hospitals(35%) experienced the patient's complains resulted from DRG system. The 85 hospitals(88%) didn't want nation-wide application of DRG system. Conclusion: Most of the responded managers seemed to have negative opinions on DRG pilot study, even though they had been participated voluntarily. Further studies and extensive evaluations of DRG reimbursement system are needed before nation-wide application.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.519-531
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is identify the operation status of the neurosurgical care units (NCUs) in neurosurgical residency training hospitals nationwide and determine needed changes by comparing findings with those obtained from the Korean Neurosurgical Society (KNS) and Korean Society of Neurointensive Care Medicine (KNIC) survey of 2010. Method : This survey was conducted over 1 year in 86 neurosurgical residency training hospitals and two neurosurgery specialist hospitals and focused on the following areas : 1) the current status of the infrastructure and operating systems of NCUs in Korea, 2) barriers to installing neurointensivist team systems, 3) future roles of the KNS and KNIC, and 4) a handbook for physicians and practitioners in NCUs. We compared and analyzed the results of this survey with those from a KNIC survey of 2010. Results : Seventy seven hospitals (87.5%) participated in the survey. Nineteen hospitals (24.7%) employed a neurointensivist or faculty member; Thirty seven hospitals (48.1%) reported high demand for neurointensivists, and 62 hospitals (80.5%) stated that the mandatory deployment of a neurointensivist improved the quality of patient care. Forty four hospitals (57.1%) believed that hiring neurointensivist would increase hospital costs, and in response to a question on potential earnings declines. In terms of potential solutions to these problems, 70 respondents (90.9%) maintained that additional fees were necessary for neurointensivists' work, and 64 (83.1%) answered that direct support was needed of the personnel expenses for neurointensivists. Conclusion : We hope the results of this survey will guide successful implementation of neurointensivist systems across Korea.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2007

Purpose: Inadequate hospital stocking and unavailability of essential antidotes is a worldwide problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the adequacy of antidote stocks in Korean hospitals based on a modified version of US antidote stocking guidelines. Methods: Both written and telephone surveys to collect information on hospital demographics and antidote stocking were given to the emergency departments or hospital pharmacies of 117 hospitals with emergency medical centers. The twenty antidotes included in the survey were taken from year 2000 US antidote stocking guidelines, except for activated charcoal and black widow spider antivenin. Antidote stocks were compared by hospital size, geographic location, and type of emergency medical center. Results: Complete responses were received from all hospitals. A mean of $12.4{\pm}2.9$ antidotes were adequately stocked per hospital. All hospitals stocked atropine, $CaCl_2$ naloxone, and sodium bicarbonate. However, digoxin Fab fragment (16%), cyanide kits (15%), EDTA (10%), BAL (9%), and fomepizole (1%) were not uniformly stocked. Large and teaching hospitals were significantly more likely to stock greater numbers of antidotes. Conclusions: Korean hospitals as a group do not have adequate antidote stocks. Korean stocking guidelines and an antidote management system are recommended in order to correct these deficiencies.