• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the internal meanings of dolls and dolls' images expressed in modern fashion show. Dolls are used as sacred object, decoration object, playing object, personified object or cherished object. The expression types of doll image in modern fashion are as following; substitutes of multi-ego, object of sexual desire, objectified creature, and medium of transcending fantasy. First, dolls image as substitutes of multi-ego had been expressed in magical expression, disgusting mask, transparent mannequin, expressionless, horror, conflict, loss of identity, exaggeration or escapism. Second, as object of sexual desire, dolls image are expressed as naked baby, ambiguous expression, naked body, voluminous body, emphasized specific bodypart, heavy makeup or wax doll of sexy actresses. Third, as objectified creature, dolls are human body in passive form. Human bodies are disassembled and reassembled as dolls. Such dolls reflect serious reality. They wrap up human like product and objectify it. Fourth, dolls image expressed as medium of transcending fantasy recollects youth age or expresses imagination on ambiguous virtual reality. Like this, dolls have value as creatures in various fields of modern fashion. Dolls contribute a lot in creating important inspiration. Dolls also expose internal mentality and represent ego. Externally, dolls express human shape becoming more and more materialized and objectified by advancing scientific technology in digital capitalistic society.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.555-566
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• 2017

This study analyzes the practical tasks and required competency for technical designers to provide basic data on the training of domestic technical designers. The survey was applied to 21 technical designers of big vendors as well as investigated tasks, task flow, important tasks, time-consuming tasks, and required competencies. The results of the study are as follows. First, the technical designers were in charge of several brands of buyers and distributors of fashion companies, or several lines of the same brand. The main production items were cut and sewn knits. Second, the flow of task and tasks were in the order of buyer comments analysis, sloper decision to matching style, sewing specification, productive sewing method research, size specification suggestion, pattern correction comments, construction decision to matching style & fabric, sample evaluations, fit approval, business e-mail writing, specification & grading confirmation, and communication with buyer. Third, five tasks (analysis of buyer comments analysis, communication with buyer, pattern correction comments, productive sewing methods research, sample evaluation) were important and time-consuming tasks. Fourth, reeducation was required in order of sewing, pattern, English, fabric, and fitting. Fifth, competencies to be a technical designers were fitting, pattern correction, size specification & grading, construction & sewing specification, sewing terms & techniques, and communication skills. In conclusion, technical designer training should focus on technology-based instruction, such as sample evaluation, fitting, pattern correction, and productive sewing methods research of cut and sewn knits.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2012

This research investigated the influences of structural characteristics such as fabrics, mechanical properties, and subjective sensory images on the off-line and on-line preferences to women's spring/summer suits fabrics to extract the most effective factor towards preference as well as analyze the preferential off-line and on-line differences to predict the exact texture image on-line. Objective evaluations were done for the measurement of the mechanical properties of fabrics using Kawabata's Evaluation System and subjective evaluations were done with 109 female subjects who value the off-line and on-line sensory image of suit fabrics. For statistical analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and regression were used. The results were as follows. The preference scores on-line were generally higher than those off-line. For the structural characteristics of fabrics, differences of thickness were observed according to preference clusters, and the preference increased as thickness was lowered off-line and on-line. For mechanical properties, WC influenced off-line and on-line preferences. Fabrics with low compression energy were preferred; however, the effect of SMD was observed off-line only. In subjective sensory images, the 'smoothness' image influenced off-line and on-line preferences the most. All sensory images influenced the off-line preferences; however, the effects of 'flexibility' and 'weight' were not shown on-line.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.209-213
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• 2006

The 3-D information is useful as basic data which has been utilized in the development of simulating technology as fit-simulation. The experiment is designed to take some useful data on the variant shapes which contribute in simulating the adaptability of the clothes. The general figure of the clothes are made after the figure of the basic standing posture of the human body. The shape of the clothes fits with kinetic characteristic of the human body as the form of the clothes gets twisted, the ease of the clothes changes, and the clothes itself expands. We studied the dressed shapes of blouse according to two types of the arm movement(basic posture and reach forward) and three types of clothes(foundation, blouse with short sleeves and sleeveless) in the sit-down-posture. We accomplished some experimental data on three-dimensional measurement of the dressing shapes using TDS-3100 3-D scanner made in Japan PULSTECH. It is considered that the variant of shapes and distribution of gaps in the dressed shapes of blouse are determined by the adaptability of clothes made in arm movement.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

In this study, we examined the changes in loaf weight, loaf volume and specific volume, moisture content and water absorption, pH and titrable acidity, shape, texture profile and sensory evaluation using sour dough instead of dough conditioner in bread making. The weight and volume of bread tended to increase in the sour dough bread, compared to the control. The pH of bread tended to be lower in the sour dough bread. The control bread had large irregular pores that were fewer in number, while the sour dough bread had small spots and was very dense and even throughout the whole surface. The texture profile of bread such as hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness and brittleness was lower in the sour dough bread. There were no significant differences in the sensory characteristics of the breads, except for the shape of bread. However, the sour dough A bread was better in color, texture, flavor, touch, moistness, taste and overall acceptability, and the sour dough B bread was better in flavor, touch and taste than the control.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.349-362
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affected on the perception of appropriateness and the evaluation of physical state in the public community facilities. The sample of the study were consisted of 381 middle-aged and the aged who were participated in the leisure programs of the public community facilities and were living in Seoul and Daegu. Frequencies, means, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression were employed for the analysis. The results of the study were as follows: The perception of appropriateness and the evaluation of the physical state in the public community facilities were differed by the type of facilities. The factors affected on the perception of appropriateness of the public community facilities were region, the access of transportation, and leisure attitude of the middle-aged and the aged. The factors had effects on the evaluation of the physical state of the facilities were educational attainment, health status, region, the access of transportation and the leisure participation.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.447-458
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• 2020

This study assessed yearly trends of food and nutrient intake among high school students aged 16 to 18 years (n=2,377) using the 2007~2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Yearly trends of food or nutrient intake were analyzed via logistic regression analysis. The results showed that consumption of sugars & sweets, and beverages & alcohols was increased rapidly during this period (p<0.0001). Intake of meat & meat products, and fish & shellfish also was increased (p=0.0008). Intake of grains and grain products was increased until year 2011 but declined after 2012 (p=0.0025). Consumption of vegetables, and milk & milk products was decreased (p=0.0395). Intake of protein, fat, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron was increased (p=0.0445). Carbohydrate energy ratio was decreased, whereas fat energy ratio was increased (p=0.0235). Most nutrient intakes satisfied the dietary reference intakes for Koreans except dietary fiber (19.6~26.2%), calcium (46.9~55.2%) and sodium (more than 221.4%) during this period. There was a significant positive correlation between most food group intakes and most nutrient intakes (p=0.0468). Therefore, it is crucial to increase dietary fiber and calcium intake and decrease consumption of sugars, fats and sodium through diverse eating of food groups to ensure balanced nutrition of subjects.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 2008

This study examined the personal and relational factors influencing the formation of body image among older persons. Aging-rel￡lted physical changes, health, marital relationship, cognitive age, and moods were personal and relationship factors explained for influence on the body image of older persons. Data were collected via a mail survey of older married couples residing in three US. metropolitan areas of Florida. A total of 94 married couples who were 60 years older participated in this study. Results indicated that aging-related physical changes, effect of physical changes on the self, self-assessed health, and evaluation of spouse's attractiveness, and perceived attractiveness (one's perception of the other spouse's appraisals of his or her attractiveness) were found to be significantly related to the body image of older men and women. For men, self-assessed health, evaluation of spouse's attractiveness, and perceived attractiveness were significantly related to body image while physical changes, effect of physical changes, and perceived attractiveness were found significant for women. The feelings of older persons about and satisfaction with their bodies and appearance were estimated by aging-related and relationship-related variables.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.109-122
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• 2018

Cross-border online shopping is an example of non-mobile transnational consumption behavior that has become more popular over the last decade due to the development of technology and transportation. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA), this study proposed and tested the hypothesized model that would explain the relationships among consumption beliefs, attitudes toward cross-border online shopping, subjective norms, and purchase intention. Consumption beliefs were measured by global consumption orientation, consumer orientation, and global brand beliefs. In addition, subjective norms included two types: online and offline norms. Descriptive statistics and path analysis were employed for the analysis of the dataset of 174 participants. As a result, the hypothesized model was generally supported. Consistent with the hypothesis, global consumption orientation and global brand beliefs were positively related to positive attitudes toward cross-border online shopping but negatively associated with consumer ethnocentrism. Offline subjective norms positively predicted both the attitudes and purchase intention whereas online subjective norms only predicted purchase intention. The results reflected that TRA was applicable to the intention of cross-border online shopping in a current on-line shopping context. We also discussed the practical applications and limitations of the study.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.559-573
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• 2008

Internet apparel businesses are required to provide various kinds of consumer information which includes both product information and customer service information. "New Age Elderly" who become an aged man in 21th century are familiar with internet and other high technological tools from their life time experience with technological development and ready to enjoy the convenience the technology offers. As a preliminary step to develop internet consumer information model for elderly consumers, this study examines the US and Korea apparel e-tailing sites targeting elderly consumers. Ten Korean sites and nine US sites were selected and compared for their provision of consumer information in terms of contents, ease to access, and the completeness of the information. Results of data analysis indicate that elderly market in Korea is not yet clearly defined compared to the US. In Korea, elderly consumer market is considered as a part of middle-aged market, and there was no unique target marketing efforts observed. Korean sites are better than the US's sites in terms of shopping information, while the US sites offer detailed information about the company, and customer service information. In both countries, fashion related information is lacking and failing to satisfy fashion conscious elderly consumers. Managerial implications were discussed.