• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2003

The present study was initially designed to figure out the general condition of care giving system for the elderly women who need long term care and the level of their depression according to the conditions of care. And This research is intented to present appropriate policy that could help the establishment of supporting system for the fragile elderly women.1 used the data from <2001 National Study on the Needs for the Long-Term Care Elderly> by Korea Health and Population Institute. The results are as follows: First, Two third of all the respondents had serious problems (2-9 activities limits) in Instrumental Daily Living Ability(DAL). Most respondents reported “low” in satisfaction level related to receiving care, meaning the elderly had negative perception for the care from the family. The elderly expected their children to be as the primary care giver and mostly wanted to live with them in the future. Second, The majority of the long term care elderly women haven't used community service facilities very often and said they are not likely going to use the facilities in the future. Third, The respondents reported high in depression level as to lower satisfaction with their children's support, poorer health condition, more reluctant to use service facilities due to the cost, and fewer friends and neighbors resources around them. Therefore I could say that negative factors for the elderly women's psychological health were having unsatisfactory relationship with intimate people, developing physical illness, being in economic difficulties. That is, receiving less help from close family members, shrinking social network, and experiencing economic hardship would have negative effects on elderly women's psychological health. In the basis of these results, I suggest that in the mean time we shouldn't overlook the importance of the private support when we develop the public elderly support system.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to the examine sense of community of the residents living in an apartment complex and the relevant features of the community facilities provided in the complex, such as actual facility conditions, needs and satisfaction. Five apartment complexes constructed after 2000, each containing more than 500 units were selected for this case study. The actual conditions of the community facilities regulated by current laws were inspected. Those facilities were the administration office, gym, multi-purpose room, sauna and shower room, indoor and outdoor children's play-grounds, study room, etc. 37 residents were interviewed to access their needs and level of and satisfaction with the provided community facilities. Based on the results, we suggest that basic community facilities for exercise, child care and children's recresion need to be provided regardless of the apartment complex size. The respondents revealed a medium level of sense of community, which was psychologically limited to their apartment complex. Indoor and outdoor children's play-grounds had great potential to encourage social interaction between the residents. The findings point to a need for improvement of the current relevant regulations with the perspectives of flexibility and application in terms of space size and mandatory types.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2002

경상북도 일개면 지역에 거주하는 65세 이상 재가노인 355명을 대상으로 방문보건의료 요구도를 알아봄으로써 향후 보건기관의 효율적이고 효과적인 방문보건의료서비스 제공방안의 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 주관적 건강상태는 64.5%가 허약하다고 하였고, 저ADL과 저IADL이 각각 14.1%, 14.9%였다. 의료인의 도움을 받아야할 건강문제가 있다고 응답한 노인이 73.5%이었는데, 성, 연령, 결혼상태, 의료보장상태, 직업유무, 경제적 상태, 치료여건, 주관적 건강상태, 일상생활수행정도, 수단적 일상생활수행정도에 따라 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 의료인의 도움을 받아야 할 건강문제가 있다고 느끼는 노인의 주관적인 방문보건의료 요구도는 19.5%였다. 방문보건의료 요구도는 75세 이상인 경우(p<0.05), 직업이 없는 경우(p<0.01) 유의하게 높았고, 가족이 화목하지 않을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 허약한 경우, 저 IADL인 경우 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 방문보건의료를 받기를 원하는 경우 이유는 돌봐줄 사람이 없어서가 64.7%로 가장 높았고, 거리가 너무 멀어서(지역적 문제)가 23.5%로 그 다음이었다. 제일원하는 방문보건의료서비스는 투약이 82.3%로 가장 높았다. 방문보건의료를 원하지 않는 경우 이유는 거동이 가능하므로 60.0%, 의사와 직접 만나기를 원하므로 25.7%의 순이었다. 방문보건의료 요구여부를 종속변수로 한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 가족이 화목하지 않을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 허약할수록 방문요구도가 높았다(p<0.05).

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.5-18
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• 1999

The aim of this study is the development of a fee - based model day care center for the elderly by inquiring into the current condition of facilities in America and in Korea, and in surveying the opinion of domestic elderly about day care facilities. A field trip to U.S. day care services was held between July 5 and July 15 in 1997, and an on-the-spot study for domestic facilities took place during March in 1998. Our research reveals that the overall supply of day care facilities can not meet future demand in terms of quality and quantity. Therefore a model must be created for day care centers of a that consists of a director from a professional group. an adequate environment, and a standardized in order to offer a qualified public health service linked to the home and community in Korea. The director of a day care center is a critical variable in determining the quality of service. Professional skills related to the needs of the elderly and the person's quality of service should be considered in appointing director for the center. This study belleves that a professional nurse should be the director of a day care center. The operating environment of a day care facility should be made up of considerable space comparable to the number of residents, should be in a comfortable and safe location, and should have equipment that provides a qualified, safe service to the elderly. Our model is designed for 20 persons and allocates 4 Peng per person. This model is comprised of a reading room. a craft room, a health room, a room for physical therapy, a dining room, a staff office, and a multi -purpose room connected to other rooms. Day care service should be a comprehensive service program meeting the multidimensional needs of the elderly. A comprehensive service program needs a team of various professionals made up of the elderly family, participants, nurses, social workers, physical therapists, nutritionists, and medical doctors. The program will also include health care service, physical therapy, speech therapy. diet, occupational therapy, transportation service, health and an education program, etc. In conclusion, a model of a day care center is developed with the following components: a professional director and an environment and program, that considers the physical, mental, and social characteristics of the elderly. A model should also motivate self-reliance self-fulfillment in the elderly in order to fulfill their health needs and to prevent isolation from society and mental depression. Furthermore, This facility will be a beneficial factor in reducing a family's burden on caring for the elderly that includes unnecessary hospital expenses. The following is a suggestion based on results this study: A service program should be developed to fit the conditions of the elderly in Korea by specifically analyzing the needs of the elderly.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze the attitudes about Senior Congregate Housing(SCH) among 4 urban areas, 2) to propose the various model for SCH which should be provided to satisfy the demand. Same opinions among 4 urban areas were ; 1) Whom were willing to move into SCH for later life, most of them were in early 50s. Most of the respondents desired to be serviced community alarm system, preferred one-room style, size of 11∼15 Pyung, and preferred living at suburban area. The multi-family type was preferred when not being healthy and be singled, but if healthy, preferred the type of single detached house. And they preferred the home ownership, highly valued of heating control system, health care and leisure programs. Thus for the future SCH, it should be designed all facilities were equipped with sports facilities, sauna and leisure programs. The findings indicated that the high rates of supporting with professional management for 24 hours by turn. But different opinions among 4 urban areas were; 2) Willingness live in SCH for later life had little difference in level of income, education, property. Especially, residents of Seoul Metropolitan area and Busan did not want to open their own common facilities to the public.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.437-451
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to estimate the forecast of bed demand for institutional long-term care for the elderly persons in Taegu Metropolitan City. The study subject was the total 1,877 elderly persons over age 65 living in Taegu. Among them 1,441 elderly persons were sampled from community and 436 were from the elderly admitted 5 general hospitals. Data collection was carried out by interview from 25 August to 25 December 1997. The measuring instrument of this study was the modified tool of CARE, MAI, PCTC, and ADL which were examined for validity and reliability. In order to forecast bed demand of Nursing Home, this study revised prediction techniques suggested by Robin. The results were as follows : 1. OLDi of Taegu City were 122,202 by the year 1998 and number of Low-Income Elderly Persons were 3,210. 2. The Level I : Senior Citizen Home $ADEMi=\frac{AQi * ASTAYi}{365 * AOCUi}$. AQi = OLDi * LADLi * NASi * ALONi * LIADLi * AUTILi. Predicted number of bed demand for Home Based. Elderly Persons were 4,210 and Low-Income Elderly Persons were 1,081 and Total Elderly Persons were 5,291 by the year 1998, 6,343 by the year 2000 and 8,351 by the 2005. 3. The Level II : Nursing Home $BDEMi=\frac{(BQ1i+BQ2i) * BSTAYi}{365 * BOCUi}$. BQ1i = OLDi * HADLi * ALONi * HIADLi BQ2i = OLDi * HADLi * FAMi * OBEDi Predicted number of demand for Total Elderly Persons were 668 by the year 1998, 802 by the year 2000 and 1,055 by the 2005. 4. The Level III : Nursing Home $CDEMi=\frac{COLDi * HDISi * CUTILi * CSTAYi}{365 * COCUi}+OQi/10$ Predicted number of demand for Total Elderly Persons were 1,899 by the year 1998, 2,311 by the year 2000 and 3,003 by the 2005. 5. Predicted number of bed demand of long-term care facilities in the year 1998 according to Levels were 4.3% among elderly persons in Taegu by Level I, 0.5% by Level II and 1.5% by Level III. Number of elderly persons in current long-term care facilities were 458 in LevelI I,284 in Level II. 6. Deficit number of bed demand of long-term care facilities were 4,833 in Level I, 384 in Level II, 1,899 in Level III for the elderly persons in Taegu Metropolitan City.

• Architectural research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Various housing measures are needed for the rapidly aging society of Korea. In particular, the welfare policy for the elderly has changed towards the community care. Taking this fact into consideration, it is necessary to have the establishment of a system that offers the elderly appropriate welfare services at their appropriate residence (ageing in place) for the effectiveness of the community care. In this aspect, there are a number of implications to Korea to study merits and demerits of the Health Facilities for the Aged (HFA) in Japan. The society of Japan has been rapidly aging since 1970, and Korea is to face the same situation. As for the data of this study, a total of 2,393 facilities (as of November 1999) mentioned in the annual report of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare were classified based on types of their establishment: (1) free-standing structures (603 facilities); (2) annexes to hospitals (981 facilities); (3) annexes to welfare facilities (511 facilities); and (4) annexes to clinics (298 facilities). Next, 239 facilities were selected through taking a sample of 10 percent from each type of the HFA mentioned above. This was done through the random sampling method with the computer program of MS EXCEL. The Implications of the results of analyses are as follows. First, most of the health facilities were planned with the scale that was larger than the scale of standard special nursing homes in terms of the total floor area. Precise equations that were to obtain precise results of the scale of the HFA and the appropriate number of residents were obtained through the method of the regression analysis. Korea and Japan have similarities in terms of culture, society and family relations; however, the two countries also have differences in terms of the application of laws on the establishment of houses, hospitals, and welfare facilities. As for planning the scale of the HFA, the realities of Korea should be considered. Second, as for the functional aspect of the HFA with a condition of returning home, the place before and after the HFA showed the pattern of 'from a residential place to a residential place' and 'from a hospital to a hospital.' This reveals a close correlation with the types of the HFAs and operational ways of the facilities. Its cause is considered to be the aspect of the operation and management of the HFA rather than the aspect of its function of providing services in association with medical and health facilities. Therefore, when intermediate welfare facilities are considered in Korea, it is strongly advised to consider the problem of annexes to other facilities and efficiency of sharing of the facilities in terms of its operation and management.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.228-239
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• 2012

This study aims to propose the improvement direction of spatial organization of orphanage facilities by reflecting the international trend of child welfare facilities including 'enhancement of habitability', 'opening to the local community' and 'multi-functionality' on the basis of ideas of 'right of housing' and 'normalization'. Orphanage facilities are evolving from 'facilities' to accommodate unfortunate children to the concept of the 'community-care', and the residential space is also rapidly shifting to 'cottage' type resembling a residential type of ordinary family so as to enhance the self-esteem and relationship. To suggest the future-oriented changeability of current orphanage facilities, the present study conducted a nationwide survey of child welfare facilities and four Visiting researches of cottage type orphanage with different locations to investigate the appropriateness of housing type, organization of common use space, mode of management and facilities criteria. The results of this study are following: 1) For enhancement of habitability it is suggested that cottage type with various plans in the form of ordinary housing is appropriate, that the number of children per cottage is six or so, and that the number of less than two or three children per room is recommended. At the same time the adjustment of facilities criteria, simplified or complex, is suggested to support a similar residence pattern to ordinary home. 2) Specialized programs must be introduced to establish a base of welfare-network for community children according to features of location and a complex management must be sought in the connection with neighboring public facilities. 3) To secure the residential environment and quality of life for children, the concept of a simple playground space by the current facilities criteria must be broken away to reinforce the network of various outdoor spaces closely connected with living space.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제4권7호
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• pp.75-84
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• 1998

Like all other European countries, as a result of gradual industrialization, Germany is just before the start of new social system; the so-called 'aged society'. Over half of the century, Germany focused their welfare system on facilities. However, with the start of the new 'aged society', they introduced a new concept which consists mainly on home care and community care. These new concepts resulted from the general idea that even elderly have the right to live an independent quality life. Therefore, to satisfy the elderly with such life it has been seen as necessary not only to offer them efficient protection but to introduce an economical welfare system and facility scheme. The regional integration plan for welfare is one of the open schemes in which the lifestyle of the elderly are seen as the whole. Participated by several members and specialists of all social standings, necessary facilities are planned. By looking into a project example carried out in Germany, this study is aimed to increase the quality of the elderly welfare system and facility construction plan.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2003

The principal objective of this study was to analyze and conceptualize the socio-psychological burden in utilizing a nursing home for elderly. The subjects were five elderly from a private nursing home located in Seoul and their familial caregivers. An old male and three females were currently staying at the facility, and a female had been discharged already from there. Data were collected through depth interviews, observations and review of records at the facility For analysis, the data were classified by similar contents among significant expressions and factors in common. The subjects' motives to consider admission to the nursing home might be attributed to familial caregivers' burden, a shortage of support, environmental improvement and feeling of helplessness for the case elderly. The concept of burden is including family members' being badly off in living, their weariness, complications among family members, feeling psychological uneasiness, and hospital expenses. The identified image of nursing homes for the elderly in Korea was generally negative at the point of high cost, unreasonable requisites and limitations for admission to the facilities, inferior situations, and especially in that there were few long-term care facilities within the community boundary. From their experience of nursing homes, the interviewees have felt the sentiments of sorry for their old parents, with the thought of being an undutiful, bitterness, and empathy. Additionally, they expressed a sense of anxiety of relative deprivation against the fact that there were no long-term care facilities available for the middle class. On the basis of these, multi-dimensional needs could be identified for the elderly with chronic illnesses.