• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1447-1452
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• 2012

Aim: To evaluate the differential diagnostic potential of lesion stiffness assessed by the sonoelastographic strain index ratio (SR) and elastographic color scoring system (UE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and forty two breast masses (158 benign and 184 malignant) from 325 consecutive patients (mean age 44.2 years; range 16-81)who had been scheduled for a sonographically guided core biopsy were examined proposed by Itoh et al, with scoring 1-3=benign and 4-5=malignant. Strain and area ratios of each lesion were calculated within the same machine. Histological diagnosis was used as the reference standard. The area under the curve (AUC) and cut-off point were obtained by receiver operating curve and the cross table Fischer Test was carried out for assessing diagnostic value. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and false-discovery rates were compared. Results: The mean strain ratios for benign and malignant lesions were 1.87 and 7.9 respectively. (P<0.0001). When a cutoff point of 3.54 was used, SR had a sensitivity of 94.6%, a specificity 94.3%, a PPV of 95.1%, an NPV of 93.7% and an accuracy of 94.4%. The AUC values were 0.90 for the 5 point scoring system (UE) and 0.96 for the strain index ratio. The overall diagnostic performance was SR method was better (P<0.05). Conclusions: Strain ratio measurement could be another effective predictor in elastography imaging besides 5 the point scoring system for differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6069-6075
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• 2013

Background: At present, the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) requires a colorectal biopsy which is an invasive procedure. We undertook this pilot study to develop an alternative method and potential new biomarkers for diagnosis, and validated a set of well-integrated tools called ClinProt to investigate the serum peptidome in CRC patients. Methods: Fasting blood samples from 67 patients diagnosed with CRC by histological diagnosis, 55 patients diagnosed with colorectal adenoma by biopsy, and 65 healthy volunteers were collected. Division was into a model construction group and an external validation group randomly. The present work focused on serum proteomic analysis of model construction group by ClinProt Kit combined with mass spectrometry. This approach allowed construction of a peptide pattern able to differentiate the studied populations. An external validation group was used to verify the diagnostic capability of the peptidome pattern blindly. An immunoassay method was used to determine serum CEA of CRC and controls. Results: The results showed 59 differential peptide peaks in CRC, colorectal adenoma and health volunteers. A genetic algorithm was used to set up the classification models. Four of the identified peaks at m/z 797, 810, 4078 and 5343 were used to construct peptidome patterns, achieving an accuracy of 100% (> CEA, P<0.05). Furthermore, the peptidome patterns could differentiate the validation group with high accuracy close to 100%. Conclusions: Our results showed that proteomic analysis of serum with MALDI-TOF MS is a fast and reproducible approach, which may provide a novel approach to screening for CRC.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.539-548
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• 2020

Deep learning technology is currently being used and applied in many different fields. Convolution neural network (CNN) is a method of artificial neural networks in deep learning, which is commonly used for analyzing different types of images through classification. In the conventional classification of histopathology images of prostate carcinomas, the rating of cancer is classified by human subjective observation. However, this approach has produced to some misdiagnosing of cancer grading. To solve this problem, CNN based classification method is proposed in this paper, to train the histological images and classify the prostate cancer grading into two classes of the benign and malignant. The CNN architecture used in this paper is based on the VGG models, which is specialized for image classification. However, color normalization was performed based on the contrast enhancement technique, and the normalized images were used for CNN training, to compare the classification results of both original and normalized images. In all cases, accuracy was over 90%, accuracy of the original was 96%, accuracy of other cases was higher, and loss was the lowest with 9%.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and histological features of odontogenic keratocyst Patients and Methods: A retrosective review of 100 patients who were diagnosed as odontogenic keratocyst by hitological findings during the period of January 2000 and December 2005 in the Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery Pusan National University was consecuted. For each patient, age, sex, location of lesion, initial diagnosis by radiographic features, treatment procedure, hitologic findings and recurrance rate were evaluated. Results: In this study, OKC has male prevalance to female by 1.38:1, and most likely occurs during third decade. The most common site of lesion was mandibular ramus region(34.6%) and the most common symptom was swelling(50%). The most common initial diagnosis by radiographic findings was OKC and cyst enucleation was the most common treatment method. The recurrance rate was 28% and existence of daugther cyst is thought to be most convincing factor for prediction of recurrence. Conclusion: In this study, total recurrence rate was 28% and existence of daugther cyst is thought to be most convincing factor for prediction of recurrence. But, since 97% of patients were treated by enucleation and adjuntive excision, further styudy is need about concordance of recurrence rate with surgical method.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.207-211
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• 1976

오징어의 동부근육(胴部筋肉)을 각종방법(各種方法)으로 처리(處理)하여 cross section하고 Van Gieson방법(方法)으로 염색(染色)하여 박막상(薄膜狀)의 표피층(表皮層)이 박리(剝離)되는 상태(狀態)를 현미경으로 관찰한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 일반적으로 사용되는 온탕법(溫湯法)에서 1, 2, 3층(層)은 제거(除去)되지만 4층(層)은 거의 제거(除去)되지 않았다. 2. 열탕처리(熱湯處理)에 의해서 근섬유(筋纖維) 조직(組織)에 근섬유(筋纖維)의 방향(方向)으로 많은 균열 현상을 보였다. 3. 초산소오다가 질산소다. 황산(黃酸)소오다 및 주석산(酒石酸)소오다 처리(處理)보다 박리상태(剝離狀態)가 현저히 우수하였으며 특(特)히 고농도(高濃度)에서 현저하고 약품처리(藥品處理) 방법중(方法中) 가장 우수한 효과(?果)를 보였다. 4. 단백(蛋白) 분해효소(分解酵素) 처리시(處理時) 표피(表皮)의 1, 2, 3, 4, 층(層)은 완전히 제거(除去)되며 특(特)히 표피(表皮)와 육(肉)과의 경계면 섬유(纖維)를 현저하게 팽윤(澎潤)시켰다. 5. 효소(酵素)와 초산소오다로 처리(處理)하는 2종류(種類)의 박피법(剝皮法)은 유효(有效)하다는 것을 확인(確認)하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.251-256
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• 1999

The present study was conducted to evaluate whether vitrification could be used for ovarian tissue preservation. The important issue here is that the vitrification is very simple, easy, and economical compared to the conventional cryopreserving method that using automatic freezing instrument. Human ovarian cortical tissues were cryopreserved by vitrification with 5.5 M ethylene glycol and 1.0 M sucrose as cryoprotectant. Three points of temperature ($4^{\circ}C$, room temperature, and $37^{\circ}C$) and two points of duration (5 or 10 minutes) for cryoprotectant treatment were examined to determine the best condition for vitrification of the human ovarian cortical tissues. After thawing, viability of the isolated primordial follicles was examined by dye-exclusion method. Histological appearance of tissues before and after the cryopreservation was evaluated. There was no toxic effect of the 5.5 M ethylene glycol on the primordial follicles. However, when the tissues were treated with cryoprotectant at $37^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes and exposed to liquid nitrogen, it seems likely that there is certain deleterious effects on the viability of the primordial follicles. The highest viability of the primordial follicles was obtained with the treatment of cryoprotectant at room temperature for 10 minutes. Follicles and oocytes survived after freezing and thawing had the similar normal shapes as was seen in the specimens before cryopreservation. It would be useful to apply vitrification in establishing ovarian tissue banking for clinical purposes.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2014

Purpose: The current gold standard for clinical jawbone formation involves autogenous bone as a graft material. In addition, demineralized dentin can be an effective graft material. Although demineralized dentin readily induces heterotopic bone formation, conventional decalcification takes three to five days, so, immediate bone grafting after extraction is impossible. This study evaluated the effect of vacuum ultrasonic power on the demineralization and processing of autogenous tooth material and documented the clinical results of rapidly processed autogenous demineralized dentin (ADD) in an alveolar defects patient. Methods: The method involves the demineralization of extracted teeth with detached soft tissues and pulp in 0.6 N HCl for 90 minutes using a heat controlled vacuum-ultrasonic accelerator. The characteristics of processed teeth were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Bone grafting using ADD was performed for narrow ridges augmentation in the mandibular area. Results: The new processing method was completed within two hours regardless of form (powder or block). EDS and SEM uniformly demineralized autotooth biomaterial. After six months, bone remodeling was observed in augmented sites and histological examination showed that ADD particles were well united with new bone. No unusual complications were encountered. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the possibility of preparing autogenous tooth graft materials within two hours, allowing immediate one-day grafting after extraction.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권12호
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• pp.686-694
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) for detecting sealant microleakage. Materials and Methods: A total of 31 extracted sound human molar, assigned as suitable for sealant application, were chosen and divided into two groups: (1) no microleakage group and (2) microleakage group by applying sealant using the different methods. All specimens were immersed in 1% methylene blue for 24 h and sectioned to confirm the absence or presence of sealant microleakage as a gold standard method. Subsequently, all the sectioned specimens were digitally photographed using a microscope with a magnification of ${\times}50$. Presence of microleakage was evaluated on a 2-point rating scale. The association of histological method with conventional methods (visual and tactile assessment) and SS-OCT was assessed using a chi-squared test. The intra- and inter-examiner reliability was calculated using Cohen's Kappa. Results: The SS-OCT showed a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 1.00, while visual and tactile assessment showed a sensitivity of 0.67 and a specificity of 0.86. The inter-examiner reliability of SS-OCT was 0.79, whereas that of the visual and tactile assessment was 0.53. Conclusions: SS-OCT can be used to non-invasively detect sealant microleakage and to monitor pit and fissure sealant in the clinics.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2014

목적: 골육종에 대한 술전 항암화학요법의 효과를 조기에 비침습적으로 평가하기 위해 다양한 영상 진단 기법들을 사용해 왔다. 저자들은 골육종에 대한 술전 항암화학요법의 효과를 예측하는 데 있어 단순 촬영 및 양전자 방출 단층 촬영과 같은 영상 검사들의 효용성을 평가하고 양성자 방출 단층 촬영에서 얻어진 값들을 해석하는 데 있어서의 통칙을 정해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2주기 술전 항암화학요법 후 외과적 절제를 시행한 18명의 골육종 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 남자 13명, 여자 5명이었으며, 연령의 중위수는 19세였다. 술전 항암화학요법의 전후로 단순 촬영 및 양전자 방출 단층 촬영을 시행하였다. 절제된 종양에 대해 병리검사를 시행하여 조직학적 반응 등급을 확인하였다. 조직병리학적 괴사 정도와 방사선학적 소견, 술전 항암화학요법 후 최대 표준섭취계수(maximum standardized uptake value), 평균 표준섭취계수(average standardized uptake value), 대사종양용적(metabolic tumor volume) 및 해당 값들의 감소율에 대해 통계학적 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 조직학적 평가 상, 8명의 환자에서 술전 항암화학요법에 대해 좋은 반응을 확인하였다. 최대 표준섭취계수 감소율의 중위수는 좋은 반응을 보인 군에서 74 (23-77) %였고, 나머지에서 42 (-32-76) %였다. 대사종양용적 감소율의 중위수는 좋은 반응을 보인 군에서 93.5 (62-99) %였고 나머지에서 46 (-81-100) %였다. 방사선학적 소견의 범주는 조직학적 반응에 따른 차이가 없었지만 (p=1.0), 최대 표준섭취계수의 감소율은 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.041). 대사종양용적의 감소율 차이는 통계학적 유의성에 근접하였다(p=0.071). 결론: 본 연구에서 방사선학적 소견의 범주는 골육종에 대한 술전 항암화학요법의 효과를 평가하는 데 있어 신뢰할 수 없었지만, 최대 표준섭취계수는 유용한 척도였다. 양전자 방출 단층 촬영에서 얻어지는 값들은 여러 요인에 의해 영향을 받으므로, 각 기관은 기왕의 연구들을 참고로 각자의 판단 기준을 마련하기 위해 노력해야만 한다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.563-569
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• 2003

목적 : 흉막 삼출액에서 아밀라제가 증가된 경우에는 많은 원인 질환들이 있으며, 흔한 원인으로 췌장 질환과 식도 파열, 악성 질환 등이 있다. 여러 연구자들에 의하면 악성 질환이 흉막 삼출액에서 아밀라제가 증가하는 가장 흔한 원인이라고 보고되었다. 이처럼 다양한 원인 질환들과 아밀라제가 증가되어 있는 흉막 삼출액 사이의 여러 임상적인 면에 관한 국내의 보고는 아직 없는 실정이다. 방법 : 이에 연구자는 1998년 1월부터 2002년 8월까지 경상대학 병원에 내원한 흉막 삼출액 환자들 중에서 흉막액의 아밀라제 농도가 증가된 36명의 환자들을 대상으로 각 경우의 아밀라제 수치, 원인 질환, 악성 흉막액에서의 조직학적 세포 유형, 그리고 악성 흉막액의 아밀라제 농도와 포도당 농도간의 연관성에 대하여 조사하였다. 결과 : 흉막 삼출액에서 아밀라제가 증가한 환자 36명의 평균 연령은 57.2세(범위 32~73)였으며 50대와 60대가 가장 많은 분포를 나타내었다. 원인 질환별분포는 악성 질환 18명, 부폐렴 흉막 삼출액 8명, 췌장 질환 7명, 기타 질환 3명이었다. 췌장 질환의 경우 흉막액의 아밀라제 농도는 다른 원인에 의한 경우보다 높게 측정되었다(p<0.01). 악성 질환이 원인인 18예 중 원발성 폐암이 13예, 전이성 암이 5예있었고 조직학적 세포 유형은 선암 10예, 편평상피 세포암 2예, 세포 유형이 확실치 않은 6예가 있었으며 선암에서 흉막액의 아밀라제 농도는 다른 세포 유형의 암종에 비해 높게 측정되었다(p<0.01). 아밀라제가 증가한 악성 흉막액에서 아밀라제 농도와 포도당 농도간의 연관성은 없었다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과 흉막 삼출액의 아밀라제가 증가한 원인 질환은 종전의 연구와 차이가 없었고, 그 원인으로 악성 질환에 의한 경우가 가장 많으며, 이중 원발성 폐암과 선암종이 가장 높은 빈도로 나타났고 또한 선암에서 아밀라제 농도가 높았다. 아밀라제가 증가된 악성 흉막액에서 아밀라제 농도와 포도당 농도와의 관계는 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.