• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.86-87
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• 1998

To understand the developmental process of the gait pattern from infancy to the adult, a gait analysis for a 14 months female infant has been performed for ten weeks. The gait parameters has been measured every other week since the week when she was able to walk without aid. The infant gait data at the tenth week of the test shows a similar pattern to the adult gait in many aspects including initial knee flexion, initial ankle dorsiflexion, the push-off pattern, etc. There is not a significant change in the hip flexion angle from week to week from the two weeks after the test started. To check the individuality in the collected data, more infant subjects are being tested presently.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.154-164
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• 2004

The purpose of this theses is to review Hanliu phenomenon, a kind of social and cultural phenomenon, in China around A. D. 2000 in the view of the culture-diffusion theory, and analyze its effect to the fashion style of the new young generation of China. In this theses, Hanliu phenomenon means the enthusiasm of Asian people for Korean mass cultures such as Korean dramas, pop songs and fashions from late 1990's. This research adopts two kinds of methods for analyzing Hanliu phenomenon: a qualitative research method and a quantitative one. As a qualitative research method, we analyzed Hanliu phenomenon with several sources of documentaries and audio-visual materials on it. As a quantitative research method, we conducted a survey of about 100 university students in Beijing for how they feel of korean culture and fashions. The Hanliu phenomenon leads to the popularity of Korean products and the general Korean cultures. Also, it affected the Chinese young generation so much that the Korean fashion becomes popular among them. Its effects to the fashion styles of Chinese youths can be summarized in three factors as follows. Firstly, the fashions of Korean entertainers such as H.O.T hair style and Hip-hop fashion style are widely imitated. Secondly, the preference of Korean fashion products has been widely increased. The number of stores dealing with Korean fashion products has been increased. Finally, Korean culture and products have actively been imitated in China according to the increased popularity of Korean fashion products.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.136-142
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• 2011

Al alloys have been used widely for commercial and military ships in most ocean countries since mid-1950s, and the value as light metal with high mechanical strength has been proven. As the safety and fuel efficiency of Al ships have improved, she can carry more freight, sail faster and travel longer distances. Furthermore, in the shipbuilding industry, Al alloys are applied as structural materials for ships to various areas including the deck of luxurious cruises, battleships and leisure ships. In addition, Al alloys are being spotlighted as environmental-friendly material as they can be recycled even after end of lifespan. However, Al alloys for ships must be carefully selected after considering corrosion resistance, endurance, strength, and weldability in sea water environment. Al alloys to satisfy these conditions are used widely include 5000 series Al-Mg alloy and 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy. Thus, this study selected and evaluated the cavitation characteristics of the 5000 series Al alloys that are used in hulls that directly contact seawater and the 6000 Al alloys that are used in the upper structures of ships. Results of cavitation test with time, weightloss and cavitation rate of 5456-H116 showed the smallest damage among 5052-O, 5456-H116 and 6061-T6.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2005

The purpose of this research helps to make full use for perfect performance by grasping the defects of Ropez motion performed by athlete CSM who was under the training for the 28th 2004 Athene Olympic Garnes, and by presenting complementary methods. For the better Ropez motion which had been performed by CSM for the 1st dispatch selection test and the final for the 28th Athene Olympic Game was analyzed with 3-dimensional cinematographic method. Here are the conclusions: 1. During the board contact phase, powerful kicking and rapid forward flexion motion of upper body make increasing vertical velocity of C. O. G and enlarging body angle. 2. It was indicated that rapid forward flexion motion of upper body during the board contact phase get a large body angle in horse take-off. 3. rapid forward flexion motion of upper body during the board contact phase makes a longer time at horse contacting phase. It showed that this result increased velocity of horse take-off causing by powerful blocking motion. 4. Increasing of air-borne height during pre- flight phase, makes a higher C. O. G; and larger angle of hip, angle of knee and body angle in the landing phase. And it revealed that these results have a stable landing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.133-150
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to recognize of the sizing system and analyze the fitting on formal pants of the on-line shopping mall for plus-sized women. To pursue this purpose, the investigation of the sizing system was focused on 22 online companies. The formal pants of 7 companies was selected among them. And actual sizes were compared with the guidance sizes of goods. For the assessment about the fitting on formal pants of 7 online companies, these came to make on to 16 obese women with 'A' body shaped and 'O' body shaped. A data analysis used the SPSS 14.0 statistics program. To verify the difference, this study used the variance analysis and Duncan's test for the postmortem verification. The result was as follows. 1. All of 22 companies were using the symbol such as 88, 99, 100 and 110 in the present condition of sizing system. The information about products size was presenting the products size not to be the body size. the guidance sizes of products were different from actual sizes of 7 companies to be assorted. Therefore, the guidance sizes of goods could not accomplish the facility. 2. According to the fitting-tests by the sensory assessment, the obese women with 'A' body shaped, did the dissatisfaction at the items of the hip circumference, abdominal region, crotch deep and pants length. The obese women with 'O' body shaped, did the dissatisfaction at the the items of crotch deep and pants length.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1-19
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• 2004

With a view to providing the basic data of clothing manufacturing for Chinese women in their 20s residing in Ningbo City, Zhejiangsheng, China, this study analyzes their upper-body types. With the subjects of 192 female adults(age 20 to 29), the following conclusions were made: 1. According to the Chinese standard classification, all body types except C were seen: A(58.33%), Y(40.63%), and B(1.04%). 2. According to the Korean standard classification, body types appeared in the order of H(68.75%), N(29.17%), and A(2.08%). 3. $R\ddot{o}hrer$ index was 1.23 belonging to the ordinary somatotype. The distribution was ordinary(60.42%), slim(38.54%), and fat(1.04%). 4. The subjects were 158.62cm(height), 83.54cm(bust), 65.77cm(waist), and 87.50cm(hip). 5. No significant differences were noticed in all the items except waist breadth around age 24. 6. Compared with Korean counterparts, Chinese females were a little shorter, had bigger bust, similar waist, and smaller and flatter hips. 7. Seen in the side somatotype classification, a standard body type was revealed with $24.50^{\circ}$ of a slightly-leaning shoulder gradient. 8. Seven factors were produced in the present analysis, and five body types in the group analysis turned out to be standard.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.525-538
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to provide information on obesity assessment for Koreans. Among total of 1012 research papers enlisted in the Korean J Community Nutrition form 1996 to 2011, 248 articles were examined in which subjects were divided into more than 2 groups by obesity rate. About the method of anthropometric data collection, more than half of the research papers examined 52.5% and 28.7% of studies utilized the directly measured data and self-described data, respectively. About the utilization of obesity assessment methods, indirect methods of weight-height index (BMI, BMI percentile, and R$\ddot{o}$hrer index) and PIBW (WLR, Broca index, and KDA) were 62.4% and 23.2%, respectably, and the direct method of percent body fat assessment was only 9.3%. The most frequently utilized methods were WLR in under primary and primary school children, and BMI in the middle and high school students and in adults. For primary school students, WLR was the most frequently utilized method up to 2007, but it changed to BMI percentile afterward. Broca Index was no longer utilized since 2008. There were no articles utilizing BMI percentile and R$\ddot{o}$hrer index for obesity assessment in adults. Criteria for obesity assessment were not consistent among research papers: for example, % body fat, 19~40%; BMI, 20~30; BMI percentile, 85th or 95th. In the case of PIBW, 120% of ideal weight was the most frequently utilized criterion for obesity. Based on these findings, we suggest that proper methods and criteria of obesity assessment for each age group should be determined and proclaimed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1141-1154
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• 2009

As a preliminary research of body characteristics analysis of Korean obese woman, this study aims to select optimal obesity judgment tools for reliable sampling of obese subjects from 2,425 female measurement data out of 2004 Size Korea project's raw data. From previous researches related to obesity, 7 obesity judgment tools were chosen. 2007 obesity rate(26.3%) of Korean female adults was refered in selecting optimal obesity judgment criteria in the study. The results are as follows. Firstly, it was verified that BMI was the most suitable in judging and sampling the obese subjects by the percentile analysis. R$\ddot{o}$hrer index was also reliable in grouping the obese subjects from a population. Secondly, it was concluded that the obesity ratios of relative weight 120 and higher group, R$\ddot{o}$hrer index 1.6 and higher group and waist girth 80cm and higher group were the most similar to obesity rate of Korean female adults by 2007 National Health & Nutrition Survey. Thirdly, 30 direct measurements, age, 2 drop values and 6 ratios of 7 groups by the obesity judgment tools showed the significance each other at p<0.001 level. On the other hand, "bust point to bust point" and "waist to hip length" measurements didn't show the significant differences among 7 groups. Conclusively, 4 to 5 satisfactions out of 7 obesity judgment criteria were adequate and sufficient in sampling the obese subjects. If it is needed the strict criteria for judging the obesity, 5 satisfactions and higher group will be the best choice as the obese subjects. However 4 satisfactions and higher group generally, will be adequate for sampling of the obese subjects.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.456-462
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• 2011

Yttrium oxide is one of the most thermo-dynamically stable materials, so that it is generally used as a dispersoid in many kinds of dispersion strengthed alloys. In this study, a nickel-base superalloy is strengthened by dispersion of yttrium oxide particles. Elemental powders with the composition of Ni-22Cr-18Fe-9Mo were mechanically alloyed(M.A.) with 0.6 wt% $Y_2O_3$. The MA powders were then HIP(hot isotactic press)ed and hot rolled. Most oxide particles in Ni-22Cr-18Fe-9Mo base ODS alloy were found to be Y-Ti-O type. The oxide particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix and also on the grain boundaries. Tensile test results show that the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of ODS alloy specimens were 1.2~1.7 times higher than those of the conventional $Hastelloy^{TM}$ X(R), which has the same chemical compositions with ODS alloy specimens except the oxide particles.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.228-236
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• 2013

Campylobacter jejuni is one of important food-borne pathogens causing human gastroenteritis. We isolated 42 strains of C. jejuni from diarrhea patients and 4 food-poisoning outbreaks in 2010, Gyeonggi-do. In this study, 42 strains were tested for genetic characteristics, the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistant rate. The presence of hipO (100%), cdtB (100%), and mutated gyrA (95.2%) genes was detected in C. jejuni by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Detection of mutated gyrA gene correlated with ciprofloxacin resistance. Forty isolates had mutated gyrA gene and were actually resistant to ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, comparing the gyrA DNA sequence data, ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates had a mutation of the DNA sequence from ACA (threonine) to ATA (isoleucine). But 41 strains (97.6%) of patient isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and azithromycin. A total of 35.7% among 42 C. jejuni isolates were identified into 4 different serotypes. The serotype distribution of C. jejuni strains were shown to be HS2(B), HS3(C), HS4(D), HS19(O). To investigate the genotypes of C. jejuni isolated in Gyeonggi province, repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) analysis and SmaI-digested pulsed-filed gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile analysis were performed. From the PFGE analysis of 42 C. jejuni strains, 12 clusters of PFGE profile were obtained. On the other hand, 11 clusters of rep-PCR profile were obtained from 42 strains of C. jejuni.