• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.50-63
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• 1999

This study was conducted with 20 female gymnasts and 23 age-matched controls to examine the relationship of diet, menstrual function and bone mineral density (BMD). The results obtained are summarized as follows : Energy intake of gymnasts was 968.9$\pm$421.4kcal, and energy expenditure was 2091.4$\pm$361kcal showing negative energy balance(-1,122.5$\pm$534.6kcal). The average intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin did not meet the Recommended Dietary Allowances for their age groups. Mean age at menarche in gymnasts is 15.8$\pm$1.2 years compared with 11.8$\pm$2.8 years in age-matched controls. The profile of estradiol, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone was lower than age-matched controls but not significant. Athletic amenorrheic gymnasts(n=12) have the menstrual irregularity(n=10) and amenorrhea(n=2). A number of variables as such nutritional deficiency in diet, negative energy blasnce and hypogonadotropic hormonal status were included. The bone mineral density (BMD) of female gymnasts were significantly higher than controls for the lumbar neck(p<0.001), trochanter(p<0.01), and Ward's triangle(p<0.001), but there were no significant differences for the lumbar spine and forearm. The lumbar spine BMD had a positive correlation with age and lean body weight. The femoral neck BMD was significantly associated with age, group and lean body mass. The trochanter BMD had significant relationship with group, body mass index, energy expenditure and follicular stimulating hormone. Ward's triangle BMD were related to body mass index and follicular stimulating hormone. The significant association was deterced between forearm BMD and age and lean body weight. The major finding of this investigation is that the BMD of gymnasts were higher than age-matched controls despite the fact that gymnasts as a group had inadequate dietary calcium and a higher propensity to have an interruption of their menstrual cycle. These data indicate that grymnsts involved in sports producing significant impact loading on the skeleton had greater femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle bone density than age-matched controls.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2018

Purpose: Traditionally, three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) is used for neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was later developed for more conformal dose distribution, with the potential for reduced toxicity across many disease sites. We sought to use the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to examine trends and predictors for IMRT use in rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We queried the NCDB from 2004 to 2015 for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation to standard doses followed by surgical resection. Odds ratios were used to determine predictors of IMRT use. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions were used to determine potential predictors of overall survival (OS). Propensity matching was used to account for any indication bias. Results: Among 21,490 eligible patients, 3,131 were treated with IMRT. IMRT use increased from 1% in 2004 to 22% in 2014. Predictors for IMRT use included increased N stage, higher comorbidity score, more recent year, treatment at an academic facility, increased income, and higher educational level. On propensity-adjusted, multivariable analysis, male gender, increased distance to facility, higher comorbidity score, IMRT technique, government insurance, African-American race, and non-metro location were predictive of worse OS. Of note, the complete response rate at time of surgery was 28% with non-IMRT and 21% with IMRT. Conclusion: IMRT use has steadily increased in the treatment of rectal cancer, but still remains only a fraction of overall treatment technique, more often reserved for higher disease burden.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.458-467
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• 2022

Background: Few studies have investigated unspecified or idiopathic pain associated with COIVD-19. This study aimed to provide the incidence rates of unspecified pain and idiopathic pain in patients with COVID-19 for 90 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. Methods: A propensity score matched cohort was used, including all patients with COVID-19 in South Korea, and analyzed their electronic medical records. The control group consisted of those who had not had tests for COVID-19 at all. Unspecified pain diagnoses consisted of diagnoses related to pain included in the ICD-10 Chapter XVIII. Idiopathic pain disorders included fibromyalgia, temporomandibular joint disorders, headaches, chronic prostatitis, complex regional pain syndrome, atypical facial pain, irritable bowel syndrome, and interstitial cystitis. Results: After matching, the number of participants in each group was 7,911. For most unspecified pain, the incidences were higher in the COVID-19 group (11.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.0-12.5) than in the control group (6.5%; 95% CI, 6.0-7.1). For idiopathic pain, only the headaches had a significantly higher incidence in the COVID-19 group (6.6%; 95% CI, 6.1-7.2) than in the control group (3.7%; 95% CI, 3.3-4.1). However, using a different control group that included only patients who visited a hospital at least once for any reasons, the incidences of most unspecified and idiopathic pain were higher in the control group than in the COVID-19 group. Conclusions: Patients with COVID-19 might be at a higher risk of experiencing unspecified pain in the acute phase or after recovery compared with individuals who had not had tests for COVID-19.

• 커뮤니케이션디자인학연구
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• 제57권
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• pp.44-53
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• 2016

미디어 파사드를 통한 광고가 보다 활성화되고 지속적인 성장을 가져오기 위해서는 무엇보다도 미디어 파사드가 매체로서의 역할을 충분히 수행할 수 있는 효율적인 매체라는 것을 입증할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 미디어 파사드를 통한 광고의 소비자 반응과 효과를 알아보기 위해 TV광고와 미디어 파사드 광고를 각각 연구 참여자에게 보여주고, 이에 대한 반응을 설문을 통해 알아보았다. 연구결과, TV광고보다 미디어 파사드 광고를 접한 소비자의 인지적/감정적 반응이 긍정적으로 나타났다. 또한 미디어 파사드 광고가 TV 광고에 비해 제품태도에는 긍정적 영향을 미치지 못하지만 구매의도에는 긍정적 효과를 나타내었다. 미디어 파사드 광고를 접한 소비자는 인지적 반응과 제품태도의 상관이 다소 낮긴 하지만, 인지적 반응과 구매의도, 감정적 반응과 제품태도, 감정적 반응과 구매의도 모두 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 또한 소비자의 소비성향 및 성별은 소비자의 반응에 있어 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 나타내지는 않았다. 그러나 소비자 반응에 있어 평균값은 모두 높게 나와 광고의 긍정적 효과를 보여준다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 미디어 파사드가 광고 매체로서 다양한 가능성을 가진 뉴미디어라는 사실을 실증적으로 확인해 볼 수 있었고, 특히 흥미를 유발하는데 효과적이며, 기존의 광고보다는 멀티미디어를 이용한 메시지가 받아들이는 시간이 빠르고 편리하여 광고의 효과가 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

연구 배경 : 치과위생사는 보건의료인으로서 윤리성이 강조되고 있으며, 다양한 윤리적 갈등 상황에 효율적으로 대처하기 위하여 합리적 윤리적 가치관 정립이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 윤리 교육 프로그램 및 윤리적 가치관 평가 도구 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 연구 방법 : 2023년 1월 1일부터 1월 15일까지 치과위생사 251명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. SPSS Win 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도 분석, T-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, 다중회귀분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과 : 연구대상자의 윤리적 성향은 이상주의 성향이 3.82점으로 상대주의 성향 3.42점보다 높게 나타났으며, 협동자 관계 영역과 치위생 업무 관계 영역에서 절대론자가 의무주의적 입장을 보였다(p<0.001). 윤리적 가치관에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 회귀분석 결과, 윤리적 성향 중 이상주의 성향(β=,444, p=0.000)과 결혼 유무(β=-,123, p=0.035), 직급(β=-.154, p=0.009)이 유의한 관련 요인으로 나타났다. 결론 : 치과위생사의 윤리적 성향을 고려한 윤리 교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 많은 변화와 갈등에 대응할 수 있는 상황 중심적인 윤리 교육을 시행하여 확고한 윤리관을 정립할 수 있도록 구체적인 방안이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2013

본 연구는 장애인의 고용유지와 고용촉진을 위해 고용영역에서 수행하고 있는 보조공학기기 지원사업의 효과를 실증하는 데 있다. 분석에는 한국장애인고용단의 행정자료를 사용하였다. 분석방법은 비교집단의 오염효과를 최소화하기 위해 성향점수 매칭법을 이용하였다. 분석결과, 보조공학기기를 사용하는 장애인이 보조공학기기를 사용하지 않는 장애인에 비해 퇴사 비율이 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업 측면에서는 보조공학기기를 지원한 기업체가 그렇지 않은 기업체에 비해 장애인의 고용증대에 더 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 이로써 보조공학기기는 장애인의 고용에 효과적임을 실증하였다. 연구결과를 토대로 보조공학기기 지원 대상을 취업자에서 구직자로 확대하고, 구직상담에서 직무배치에 이르는 일련의 고용서비스 전 과정에서 보조공학기기가 지원될 수 있도록 하는 지원체계 마련의 필요성을 제언하였다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) carries a high propensity for in-field failure despite trimodality management. Past studies have failed to show outcome improvements with dose-escalation. Herein, we examined trends and outcomes associated with dose-escalation for GBM. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for GBM patients who underwent surgical resection and external-beam radiation with chemotherapy. Patients were excluded if doses were less than 59.4 Gy; dose-escalation referred to doses ≥66 Gy. Odds ratios identified predictors of dose-escalation. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions determined potential predictors of overall survival (OS). Propensity-adjusted multivariable analysis better accounted for indication biases. Results: Of 33,991 patients, 1,223 patients received dose-escalation. Median dose in the escalation group was 70 Gy (range, 66 to 89.4 Gy). The use of dose-escalation decreased from 8% in 2004 to 2% in 2014. Predictors of escalated dose were African American race, lower comorbidity score, treatment at community centers, decreased income, and more remote treatment year. Median OS was 16.2 months and 15.8 months for the standard and dose-escalated cohorts, respectively (p = 0.35). On multivariable analysis, age >60 years, higher comorbidity score, treatment at community centers, decreased education, lower income, government insurance, Caucasian race, male gender, and more remote year of treatment predicted for worse OS. On propensity-adjusted multivariable analysis, age >60 years, distance from center >12 miles, decreased education, government insurance, and male gender predicted for worse outcome. Conclusion: Dose-escalated radiotherapy for GBM has decreased over time across the United States, in concordance with guidelines and the available evidence. Similarly, this large study did not discern survival improvements with dose-escalation.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

이 연구는 목재수납장의 잠재적 구매자를 대상으로 소비성향 및 사회 경제적 특성에 따른 산림인증의 인식정도를 파악하기 위해 수행하였다. 총 90부의 설문지 중 유효부수 88부를 분석한 결과, SFM과 FSC에 대한 전체 응답자의 인식도는 평균 2.25와 2.20(5점 리커트 기준)으로 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 친환경 그룹과 비친환경 그룹의 응답자는 80.7%와 18.2%의 비중을 차지하였으며, 모든 설문항목에 대해 그룹간 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 각 그룹 내에서 SFM과 FSC를 인식하고 있는 응답자는 친환경 그룹이 약 31%, 비친환경 그룹이 5.6%(SFM)와 2.8%(FSC)를 차지하였다. 소비자 유형별 응답자의 사회 경제적 특성은 친환경 그룹의 기혼율과 평균연령 및 월평균 가계소득이 비친환경 그룹에 비해 약 1.3배 이상 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2019

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is being offered increasingly frequently to octogenarians. However, old age is known to be an independent risk factor in CABG. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) between octogenarians and septuagenarians. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 1,289 consecutive patients aged ${\geq}70years$ who underwent OPCAB at a single institution between 2001 and 2016. We compared the outcomes of 115 octogenarians and 1,174 septuagenarians. Using propensity score matching, based on preoperative clinical characteristics, 114 octogenarians were matched with 338 septuagenarians. Results: Propensity score analysis revealed that the incidence of acute kidney injury (14.9% vs. 7.9%, p=0.028) and respiratory complications (8.8% vs. 4.2%, p=0.040) was significantly higher in octogenarians. The early mortality rate (2.6% vs. 1.0%, p=0.240) and 1-year survival rate (89.5% vs. 94.4%, p=0.097) were not statistically significant between the groups. However, the 5-year survival rate (67.3% vs. 79.9%, p<0.001) was significantly lower in octogenarians. Previous myocardial infarction and a left ventricular ejection fraction ${\leq}35%$ were associated with a poor 1-year survival rate. Conclusion: Early and 1-year outcomes of OPCAB in octogenarians were tolerable when compared with those in septuagenarians. OPCAB could be a suitable option for octogenarians.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.53-69
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of treatment between Western medicine and Korean medicine on Allergic rhinitis patients using national population-based claim data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Methods : The subjects of the study were 30,024 patients in the Korean medicine group and 30,024 in the Western medicine group who were diagnosed with Allergic rhinitis from September 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. Propensity score analysis was used for matching age, sex, etc. at a ratio of 1:1. Cox regression and subgroup analysis were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio of recurrence, Asthma, and Atopic dermatitis in Korean medicine group and Western medicine group. In addition, the total treatment period, total treatment cost, and average cost per day of visit were compared and analyzed. Results : Compared to Korean medicine, Western medicine had a significantly higher risk of recurrence at 1.701 times, Asthma occurrence risk at 1.609 times and Atopic dermatitis occurrence risk at 1.098 times. Compared to Western medicine, the total treatment period of Korean medicine was 14.27 days longer, the total treatment cost was 53,591 won more, and the average cost per day was 7,539 won more. Conclusions : This study is a retrospective cohort study using the propensity score matching in Korea to compare the outcomes of Allergic rhinitis between Western medicine and Korean medicine. Further research is needed by considering patients characteristics, and linking with additional data.