• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.536-542
• /
• 2000

The present paper introduces a new fixed interface component mode synthesizing technique based on the notion of higher-order field-consistency. The present technique employs higher-order residual constraint modes in addition to lower fixed interface normal modes while consistency in matching field variables at the substructure interface is maintained. The present field-consistency approach does not increase the size of the synthesized system even if higher-order residual constraint modes are included. A new field-consistent higher-order synthesis technique is first presented and a numerical example is given to verify the present method.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2000

고차모드를 고려하여 단순확장관을 해석한 많은 선행연구가 이루어 졌고, 이러한 연구는 모드적합법, 속도포텐셜법, 유한요소법으로 분류할 수 있다. 이들 중 모드적합법은 동심관형확장관을 해석하는 데 유용하다. 일반적으로 입·출구의 단면적이 중간확장관의 단면적보다 작으므로 입·출구에 고려하는 고차모드의 개수는 중간확장관에 고려하는 고차모드의 개수보다 작을 수 있다. 그러나 모드적합법은 입·출구와 중간확장관에 같은 개수의 고차모드를 사용하여야 한다. 그래서 입·출구에 불필요한 고차모드를 포함하게 되어 계산시간을 늘이는 결과를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는 입구, 중간확장관 그리고 출구에 각각 임의의 고차모드의 개수를 선택할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제시하였다. 그리고 이 방법의 정확성을 검증하기 위하여 전통적인 모드적합법, 유한요소법과 비교하였고, 이 새로운 방법이 계산시간을 줄일 수 있다는 것을 보였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.779-799
• /
• 2015

The slosh height and the possibility of water spill from rectangular Spent Fuel Storage Bays (SFSB) and Tray Loading Bays (TLB) of Nuclear power plant (NPP) are studied during 0.2 g, Safe Shutdown Earthquake (SSE) level of earthquake. The slosh height obtained through Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD) is compared the values given by TID-7024 (Housner 1963) and American concrete institute (ACI) seismic codes. An equivalent amplitude method is used to compute the slosh height through CFD. Numerically computed slosh height for first mode of vibration is found to be in agreement the codal values. The combined effect in longitudinal and lateral directions are studied separately, and found that the slosh height is increased by 24.3% and 38.9% along length and width directions respectively. There is no liquid spillage under SSE level of earthquake data in SFSB and TLB at convective level and at free surface acceleration data. Since seismic design codes do not have guidelines for combined excitations and effect of higher modes for irregular geometries, this CFD procedure can be opted for any geometries to study effect of higher modes and combined three directional excitations.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.203-216
• /
• 1999

A previously proposed finite element formulation method is refined and modified to generate a new type of elements. The method is based on selecting a set of general solution modes for element formulation. The constant strain modes and higher order modes are selected and the formulation method is designed to ensure that the element will pass the basic single element test, which in turn ensures the passage of the basic patch test. If the element is to pass the higher order patch test also, the element stiffness matrix is in general asymmetric. The element stiffness matrix depends only on a nodal displacement matrix and a nodal force matrix. A symmetric stiffness matrix can be obtained by either modifying the nodal displacement matrix or the nodal force matrix. It is shown that both modifications lead to the same new element, which is demonstrated through numerical examples to be more robust than an assumed stress hybrid element in plane stress application. The method of formulation can also be used to arrive at the conforming displacement and hybrid stress formulations. The convergence of the latter two is explained from the point of view of the proposed method.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제26권8호
• /
• pp.1145-1151
• /
• 1989

New method to calculate the characteristics of the dominant and higher order modes of waveguide latching phase shifters are presented. Due to the tensor permeability, E and H fields inside the ferrite are expanded in terms of the LSE and LSM eigenmodes of the dielectric-slab-loaded waveguide. The equivalent coupled transmission line equations on the transverse plane are derived to obtain the dispersion characteristics and the E and H field distributions. Numerical results at X-band are compared with those published previously. The derived field distributions can be used to suppress the higher order modes of the latching phase shifters, so that the phase shift from the dominant mode only contributes the performance of the phase shifters.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국음향학회 1994년도 FIFTH WESTERN PACIFIC REGIONAL ACOUSTICS CONFERENCE SEOUL KOREA
• /
• pp.770-774
• /
• 1994

The volume of an acoustic source is important in determining various acoustic parameters. One of the suggested techniques is the internal pressure method incorporating a loudspeaker attached to a chamber wall and a microphone inserted into the cavity. Although the method is easy to handle with a very simple measurement setup, the coupling effects between the dynamic system of the loudspeaker and acoustic field, and the effects of higher order modes introduced by the discontinuities in the acoustic field, and the effects of higher order modes introduced by the discontinuities in the acoustic field should be considered for precise result. In this study, higher order modes due to the discontinuities of loudspeaker and microphone boundaries are included and the electro-acoustic coupling effects are compensated for by using the results of two cylinders with different lengths. The volume velocity of a loudspeaker thus obtained agrees very with that measured by laser sensor.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 1999년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 1999

The base shear and the veritcal distribution of shears along the height of a building are two fundamental measures that define the design seismic load. But the method specified in Korean building code does not give an appropriate distribution for buildings of tall or longer period because it roughly account for the contributions of the higher modes. several methods to give a better distribution of seismic forces have been proposed. But they have not been introduced into the seismic codes yet probably because they cannot solve all the above-mentioned problems. This paper deals with the distribution of lateral seismic forces along the height of a building to account for the contribution of the higher modes. After reviewing some existing distributions in seismic codes and literatures moment-resisting frames with various stories were studied by modal analysis for a wide range of fundamental period and the stiffness ratio of the buiding. As a result of the analysis a new expression for the distribution of seismic forces is proposed and compared with those of some codes and dynamic analysis.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.580-594
• /
• 2015

Liquid sloshing in two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) rectangular tanks is simulated by using a level set method based on the finite volume method. In order to examine the effect of natural frequency modes on liquid sloshing, we considered a wide range of frequency ratios ($0.5{\leq}fr{\leq}3.2$). The frequency ratio is defined by the ratio of the excitation frequency to the natural frequency of the fluid, and covers natural frequency modes from 1 to 5. When fr = 1, which corresponds to the first mode of the natural frequency, strong liquid sloshing reveals roof impact, and significant forces are generated by the liquid in the tank. The liquid flows are mainly unidirectional. Thus, the strong bulk motion of the fluid contributes to a higher elevation of the free surface. However, at fr = 2, the sloshing is considerably suppressed, resulting in a calm wave with relatively lower elevation of the free surface, since the waves undergo destructive interference. At fr = 2, the lower peak of the free surface elevation occurs. At higher modes of $fr_3$, $fr_4$, and $fr_5$, the free surface reveals irregular deformation with nonlinear waves in every case. However, the deformation of the free surface becomes weaker at higher natural frequency modes. Finally, 3-D simulations confirm our 2-D results.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.731-739
• /
• 2012

일반적으로 평행평판 도파관에서 발생하는 가장 낮은 고차 모드는 $TE_1$ 모드와 $TM_1$ 모드로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 평행평판 도파관에서 이보다 더 낮은 주파수에서 발생하는 TE 모드에 대해 고찰한다. 평행평판 도파관의 열려 있는 양 옆을 완전 자성 도체(PMC)로 가정하여 TE 모드의 전자계 분포를 유도하였고, 이 모드의 존재를 평행평판 도파관 공동기를 제작하여 실험함으로써 실증하였다. 열려 있는 양 옆의 경계가 완전한 자성 도체가 아니므로 인해 나타나는 특성에 대해서도 고찰하였다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제6권5호
• /
• pp.501-506
• /
• 2005

With the respective collapse characteristics of aluminum and CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) tubes in mind, axial collapse tests were performed for aluminum/CFRP compound tubes, which are composed of square or circular shaped aluminum tubes wrapped with CFRP outside. In this study, the collapse modes and the energy absorption characteristics were analyzed for aluminum/CFRP compound tubes which have different fiber orientation angle of CFRP. Fracture modes in the aluminum/CFRP compound tubes were rather stable than those in the CFRP tubes alone, probably due to the ductile nature of the inner aluminum tubes. The absorbed energy per unit volume of the aluminum or the aluminum/CFRP compound tubes was higher than that of CFRP tubes. Meanwhile, the absorbed energy per unit mass, for the light-weight design aspect was higher in the aluminum/CFRP compound tubes than in the aluminum tubes or the CFRP tubes. The energy absorption turned out to be higher in circular tubes than in square tubes. Beside the collapse modes and the energy absorption characteristics were influenced by the orientation angle, and the compound tubes took the most effective energy absorption when the fiber orientation angle of CFRP was 90 degrees.