• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary attitude and food behavior of elementary, middle and high school students in Korea. The subjects in this study were 7,698 boys and girls in large cities in Korea. The questionnaire was made and distributed to the students to answer the questions. Followings are the results of this study : 1) Father and mother's average ages were 45 and 41 years old, respectively. 2) Most students thought dietary life was more important than clothing or residentary life. Dietary habits such as irregularity of meal, frequencies of skipping meal and of eating out increased in higher grade than in lower grade, and in girls than in boys. 3) Most students, especially in elementary school, recognized that their own bad dietary habbit was unbalanced diet. Irregular meal time and eating too much were also pointed out as problems by middle and high school students. 4) Most students thought that the most effective meal for health was breakfast, but they replied the tartest meal as dinner. 5) Students tended to prefer Korean style food. Cooked rice and kimchi, ramyun, and pizza were ranked the most preferred food when they were hungry. 6) Elementary school students ate meals more regularly than higher grade students, and girls ate meals more regularly than boys. 7) Skipping rate of breakfast was higher than that of lunch or dinner, and the percentage of meal skipping students was increasing with grade elevation. No time to eat or eating between meals was the reasons of irregular meal time. 8) Frequency of dining with family was decreased, but frequency of eating out with friends was increased with increasing grade. The gravity of dining out is increasing rapidly in Korean adolescents. Therefore, nationwide nutrition education policy is necessary to constitute a right dietary environment and a desirable dietary altitude.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and intake rate of Kimchi provide to five foodservice elementary schools in Sungnam area selecting 4th and 6th grade students pH indicated 4.73-5.29 at before-serving state. Total acidity were 0.23-0.44% and salinity just before-serving state were 2.41-2.82%. Vitamin C were 6.88-8.12mg% and Total dietary fiber showed the range of 19.18-22.60. While the intake rate of kimchi of female students was higher than that of male students for 4th grade students, the intake rate of kimchi of male students was higher than that of female students for 6th grade students. As a whole, the intake rate of male students was higher than that of female students. The intake rate of male students correlated significantly that of female students, the preference rate of kimchi was almost the same regardless of sex distinction.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2006

2004년 5월부터 7월까지 광주광역시 일부지역 관내 28개 초등학교 31,510명(남자 16,653명, 여자 14,857명)의 신장과 체중의 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 대한소아과학회(홍창희, 2003)에서 나온 소아발육표준치를 기준으로 신장별 표준 체중표를 이용하여 비만도(%)=(실측체중-신장별 표준체중)/신장별 표준체중*100로 산출하였다. 산출된 비만도는 20~29.9%는 경도비만, 30~49.9%는 중증도 비만, 50%이상은 고도비만으로 분류하여 SAS PC+ 8.0 program을 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 신장과 체중은 학년이 올라감에 따라 남학생과 여학생 모두 학년 간에 유의하게 향상하였다 (p<.001). 저학년에서는 여학생이 남학생 보다 신장이 작았으나 4학년때 키가 비슷해지고 5, 6학년에는 여학생이 남학생보다 신장이 큰것으로 나타났으며, 4학년을 제외한 모든 학년에서 남학생과 여학생의 신장은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 모든 학년에서 남학생의 체중은 여학생의 체중보다 무거웠으며, 6학년을 제외하고는 남학생과 여학생의 체중은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 2. 초등학교 학생의 비만율은 전체가 10.3%이었고, 남학생 (11.6%)이 여학생(8.8%)보다 비만율이 높았으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 특히 4학년 남학생의 비만율이 13.7%로 가장 높았다. 비만아동의 분포는 남학생의 경우는 경도비만이 6.5%, 중등도비만 4.4%, 고도비만 0.7% 순이었고, 여학생의 경우는 경도비만 5.2%, 중등도비만 3.1%, 고도비만 0.4% 순으로 나타났다. 3. 비만도별 비만아동 실태는 전체 비만아동은 3,231명으로 경도비만이 57.4%, 중등도비만이 37.1%, 고도비만이 5.5%로 나타났다. 남학생의 경우는 경도비만 55.9%, 중등도비만 38.0%, 고도비만 6.0% 순이었고, 여학생의 경우는 경도비만 59.5%, 중등도비만 35.8%, 고도비만 4.7% 순으로 나타났다. 또한 비만도가 30% 이상인 중증도 이상의 비만아동은 여학생보다 남학생의 비율이 높았다. 4. 학년에 대한 성별 비만율은 1학년 (p< .05), 4-6학년 (p< .001)에서 남학생이 여학생보다 비만율 높았으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 5. 고학년 학생 (11.0%)의 비만율이 저학년학생(9.5%)보다 높았으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 이상의 결과들을 종합하여 보면 초등학생의 비만율은 여학생보다 남학생에서, 저학년보다 고학년에서 더 높게 나타났다. 아동비만은 점차 증가하고 있고 질병의 이환과 밀접한 관계가 있으므로 비만을 예방하고 체계적으로 관리할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발 실시하되, 비만율이 높은 고학년의 남학생을 중점적으로 관리해야함을 시사한다.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.467-482
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 TRIZ의 40가지 원리를 현행 교육과정 내에서 재구성하여 학교 안에서 모든 초등학생들이 창의성 신장을 위한 교육을 받을 수 있도록 하였다. 개발된 4단계의 수업모형을 적용하기 위해 TRIZ 활용 예시 자료집을 만들고 저학년용 수업지도안 및 학습지 13차시와 고학년용 수업지도안 및 학습지 12차시를 개발하였다. Y초등학교 2학년 학생과 J초등학교 6학년 학생을 대상으로 본 프로그램을 적용하였으며, 창의성을 DESK이론에 따라 유창성, 융통성, 독창성, 정교성으로 세분화하여 분석한 결과 유창성, 융통성, 독창성, 정교성이 모두 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 즉 초등학생용으로 재구성된 TRIZ 프로그램은 초등학생의 창의성 신장에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.197-207
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to assess pro-environmental behavior of elementary school students by school year and gender and to investigate the relationships of their emotional affinity toward and intellectual curiosity about life, and experiences about nature and life with the pro-environmental behavior. A total of 436 elementary students participated in the study: 189 3rd grade; 247 6th grade students, and 233 boys; 203 girls. The variables were measured by using a self-report questionnaire with 5-point Likert scale items. The results showed the levels of pro-environmental behavior of the 3rd grade students and the girls were higher than that of the 6th grade and the boys, respectively. Their pro-environmental behavior was significantly related with all measured variables. However, it was found that the direct predictors of their pro-environmental behavior were the intellectual curiosity and the indirect experience, while the emotional affinity and the direct experience did not have a direct impact on the behavior. The predictive power of the intellectual curiosity and the indirect experience for their pro-environmental behavior was higher in 3rd grade than 6th grade. While the indirect experience was a stronger predictor of the boys' pro-environmental behavior than the intellectual curiosity, the curiosity was a stronger predictor of the girls.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.547-560
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing internet addiction proneness and condition of internet use in higher grade students at an elementary school. Method: The subjects consisted of 234 sixth grade students at an elementary school in Gyeonggido. SPSS/Win18.0 was used for analysis of data. Results: Among the subjects, 51.3% had used the internet for more than three years, 89.3% used the internet in their home, and 38.5% used the internet for games. In internet addition proneness, 3.1% were potential risk users and 1.3% were high risk users. Internet addiction proneness differed significantly according to gender, period of internet use, internet access location, and purpose of internet use. Internet addiction proneness showed negative correlation with protective factors and positive correlation with risk factors. The factors affecting the internet addiction proneness were degree of internet use, peer protective factor(support from peer), personal protective factor(self-control), internet access location, and family risk factor(negative communication). These factors accounted for 32.9% of internet addiction proneness. Conclusion: Strategies are needed for improvement of the relationship with the peer group and family communication and to encourage self-control for prevention of internet addiction in elementary school students in community mental health service.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine dietary attitudes of students and changes in their attitudes toward the school lunch service. The participants of the study were 483 students ranging from third grade elementary school students to middle school sophomores living in the Seoguipo area of Jeju Island. The subjects were asked to complete questionnaires under the supervision of their teachers or dietitians, and data were grouped into elementary school 3rd and 4th grades, elementary school 5th and 6th grades; and middle school 1st and 2nd grades for each gender. There were no significant differences among the groups with respect to their regularity of food intake, dietary considerations, or the frequency of imbalance in their diets. In the case of female participants, their frequency of snacking decreased as their grade level increased. In general, the overall changes in dietary attitudes became more negative as their grade level increased. Male students demanded increased serving sizes of both staple food and side dishes, while female students demanded increased serving sizes dishes, but not staple food as their grade levels increased. there was also an increase in the number of student sin higher grades who discarded or did not eat enough their entire meals. The major reasons for not eating the food were : no taste to the food and not proper saltiness of food. These results may suggest that school dietitians need to pay more attention to increased taste and proper seasoning of meals. Students suggested that the school lunch service should be continued, but that it needs improvement. Students in higher grades were more aware of the importance of the environment in which the meal was provided. Also, an early education in nutrition and healthy diets seemed important in preparing them for following a healthy lifestyle in later life.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2010

This study was performed to examine dietary habits, nutrition knowledge and dietary behaviors of elementary school students by sex and skipping breakfast. The subjects were 3rd grade elementary school students in Ulsan area (total 1,349; 734 males and 615 females). The skipping breakfast group were 215 students, 15.4% of total subjects. Major reasons for skipping breakfast were 'have no time' 27.8%, 'no appetite' 26.9%, 'over sleeping' 14.9%. Females and eating breakfast group had better dietary habits than males and skipping breakfast group. The scores of nutrition knowledge of females were higher than those of males. The dietary behaviors scores of eating breakfast group were higher than those of skipping the breakfast categories. Our results showed that these difference by sex and skipping breakfast in dietary habits, nutrition knowledges, dietary behaviors should be considered in developing of nutrition education program for low-grade elementary school students.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.572-582
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perception and preference of Kimchi among the elementary school children. The survey was conducted via questionnaire to 439 elementary school children(224 males and 215 females) who lived in Seongnam. 77.2% of the surveyed children had an affirmative opinion of Kimchi intake. Children regarded Kimchi as traditional, nutritious, healthy, fermented and delicious food. It also revealed that the higher grade($4{\sim}6$ grade) students were more awareness in Korean traditional fermented healthy food as for Kimchi than the lower grade($1{\sim}3$ grade) students. They should eat Kimchi mainly because Kimchi is good for health(82.9%), nutritious food(62.9%), our traditional food(58.3%), and delicious food(41.5%). 73.9% of the children responded that the parents influenced on their consumption of Kimchi, but 16.5% of the children answered that their parents did not meddle. 67.3% of the children liked Kimchi, whereas 5.3% of them disliked it. The preference of Kimchi was significantly higher for lower grade students than for higher grade students. The main reason liking Kimchi was hot taste(60.8%) of Kimchi, and then texture of chewing(59.0%), taste of freshness (29.2%), cool taste(28.7%), and peculiar taste(26.9%) of Kimchi in order. The majority reasons for dislike the Kimchi were salty taste, hot taste, not eat oftenly, smell, appearance of Kimchi in order. The hot taste of Kimchi was the number one reason of their diskike of Kimchi, especially for lower grade students and female students, and it was the most important reason for those also like Kimchi. The children preferred the a little hot taste of Kimchi, properly fermented Kimchi, medium amount of seasoning in Kimchi, and any parts of Baechu in Kimchi.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-66
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• 1999

To evaluate the status of the contact to lascivious computer programs and sexual attitude and behaviour by the grades of middle school boy students, the questionnaire survey was done on 715 students of five middle schools in Pusan and Kimhae area from December 15 to December 24, 1997. The data were analyzed by PC SAS; $X^2$ -test. The level of significance was 0.05. 404 students (56.5%) had a personal computer in their home. 516 students(72.2%) have experienced of using a computer program. 294(57%) of them usually played a game with computer. 514 students(71.9%) had experiences of the contact to a lascivious computer program, which increased with the grades of the students(p〈0.05). The first exposure to a lascivious program was when they were elementary school students in 24.6% of first grade middle school student, 13.8% of second grade, and 11.3% of 3rd grade students. 92% of the students was introduced to first contact through their friends. 63.7% of them watch the program at their friends home. The most common drives to contact to a lascivious programs were curiosity (53%). Sexual desire was a higher drive in third grade students (20.6%) than lower grades. After contacting to a computer lascivious program, desire of masterbation was more frequent in lower grade students. and feeling disgust was more frequent in higher grade students (p〈0.05). Frequence of masterbation or sexual intercourse was higher in high grade students(p〈0.05) In conclusion, distribution and popular use of computer attributes to the increased exposure to lascivious programs and lowering the age of first exposure. There was the difference according to the grades in the feeling and sexual behaviour after contacting to computer lascivious program. Appropriate methods to protect young students to contact a lascivious program should be sought. The use of computer should be educated in elementary school students accompanied by proper sex education.