• 경영정보학연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-76
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• 2020

본 연구는 유통매장의 새로운 가격정보시스템으로서 국내 오프라인 매장으로 확산되고 있는 전자가격라벨(Electronic Shelf Labels; ESL) 시스템의 도입성과와 관련한 탐색적 실증연구이다. 연구의 수행을 위해서 성과요인으로서 8개의 측정항목을 IT-BSC 관점에서 도출하였고, 각 항목들 간의 우선순위를 상대 평가하기 위한 방법으로서 AHP 기법을 사용하였다. 약 1년 6개월 동안 진행된 설문조사를 통해서 ESL 시스템 도입 전후의 성과요인 측정항목들에 대한 매장 직원들의 우선순위 인식변화를 조사하였다. 조사결과 도입 전과 도입 후 사이에서 우선순위가 높은 항목들에 차이가 발생한 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 제품과 서비스에 대한 기대 요인과 사후 성과 간의 인식의 변화를 측정하는 데에 AHP 기법을 활용했다는 점에서 학술적 시사점을 제시하며, 사용경험의 성숙도에 따라 변화하는 고객가치제안을 위해 제품과 서비스의 지속적인 개선 필요성을 제기한다는 점에서 실무적 시사점을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the dietary habits, snacks, and self-purchasing snacks (SPS) intake behaviors of 519 elementary school students (boys=239, girls=280). Obesity was significantly higher (p<0.05) in boys (24.8%) than in girls (14.7%) and the proportion of underweight subjects was higher compared to normal or other weight groups for both the boys and the girls. There were 7.5% of the subjects in the group that always skipped breakfast, and the main reason of skipping breakfast was insufficient time (51.9%). The snack intake frequency was once or twice per week for 23.1% of the subjects and three or four times per week for 25.1%. The SPS intake frequency was the subjects zero for 35.6% of the highest level of the responders, while 6.8% of the respondents took more than once SPS per day. 59.6% of the respondents consumed SPS due to hunger while 15.0% consumed SPS out of boredom. The SPS was purchased from supermarkets in 34.5% of the cases, from convenience stores in 24.1% and from snack corners in 20.0% of cases or from a store near school in 14.5% of the cases. Analysis of SPS behaviors according to obesity index showed that parent's opinion of 'permission to buy SPS as needed' had a significant effect in 64.5% over weight subjects compared to only 53.7% in underweight groups. The subjects who used more than 3/4 of their pocket money to buy SPS was higher in the overweight groups (16.4%) than in the underweight groups (7.0%) and normal weight groups (9.8%). The favorite snacks and SPS were milk and yogurt for 45.7% of the subjects, fruits for 42.7%, ice cream for 26.4%, fruit juices for 23.8%, sweet stuff for 16.4%, frozen dessert for 8.9%, and chocolate or candy for 8.1% in descending order. The intake frequency of milk, yogurt, and fruit juices was higher in the underweight groups, but the intake frequency of sweet stuff, frozen dessert, and chocolate or candy was higher in over weight groups. The intake of frozen dessert was more than four times higher in the overweight groups than in the underweight groups. In conclusion, dietary habits, snacks, and SPS intake behaviors were similar between the boys and the girls and obesity groups, but most students appeared to have a high preference for intake snacks and SPS. Therefore, education for appropriate snacks intake habits will be beneficial for improving their dietary habits and health.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-52
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• 2018

본 연구는 소비자들이 상권에 대하여 수행하는 웹 탐색 활동과 감성평가를 반영하는 데이터인 지역구 연관감성어휘를 기반으로 서울시 내 대형 상업 공간으로 정의할 수 있는 각 지역구 간의 연관 감성 네트워크에 대하여 소셜 네트워크 분석을 수행하였다. 나아가 도출한 소셜 네트워크 지표를 지역구 공공 데이터와 결합하여 보다 다각적 측면을 고려한 지역구 상권의 매출액에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 검증하였고 그 영향력의 변화 또한 확인해 보았다. 정적 데이터로 표현되는 공공 데이터만을 통해 구성된 모형으로도 높은 설명력을 가지는 것을 확인할 수 있었으나, 소셜 네트워크 분석 결과로 도출된 네트워크 지표와 결합된 모형에서는 그 설명력이 더욱 향상된 것이 확인되었다. 공공 데이터에 대한 회귀 분석 결과, 투입된 22개의 요인들 중 '골목 상권 수,' '1인당 거주면적,' '주거환경만족도,' '거래증감률,' '3년 이상 생존율'의 5개의 요인이 지역구 상권 매출액에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것이 확인되었다. 이후 공공 데이터와 네트워크 지표 결합 모형에서 투입된 지표들은 '에고 네트워크의 밀도,' '연결 중심성,' '근접 중심성,' '매개 중심성,' '아이겐벡터 중심성'이며, 이 중 '연결 중심성'과 '아이겐벡터 중심성'이 매출액에 유의한 영향을 미치며 모형 내에서 가장 높은 영향력을 보유한 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 각 상권이 소비자가 원하는 감성을 고려한 도시 전략 계획 수립과 이행의 실증적 근거로 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 상권에 진입하거나 재창업하는 자영업자나 잠재 창업자를 바탕으로 지역구 상권이 보유한 감성과 그 관계 구조를 고려한 상권 진입 방향성을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.221-238
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 현행 초등학교, 중등학교 교과서에 수록된 우유에 대한 영양 교육 내용을 분석함으로써 향후 학교 교육을 통해 학생에게 우유에 대한 영양 섭취 및 소비행동에 유익한 정보를 체계적으로 제공할 수 있는 기초 자료를 마련하는데 있다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해서 초${\cdot}$중등학교 교과서(1학년$\~$10학년)교과서에 나타난 우유 영양교육의 내용요소를 분석하였으며 이를 토대로 학교교육을 통해 지도되어야 하는 우유 교육 내용의 체계화안을 마련하였다. 초등학교 교과서에 나타난 우유 영양교육은 2학년 6학년을 제외한 4개 학년의 교과서에서 확인할 수 있었으며, 저학년의 통합교과, 과학, 실과, 체육 교과서에서 주로 다루어졌다. 가장 많은 내용을 다룬 교과서는 실과이며, 우유의 영양에 대한 기초 지식 중심의 정보와 우유 마시는 방법 등에 대한 구체적인 내용을 제시하고 있었다. 중등학교 교과서에 나타난 우유 영양교육은 7학년에서 10학년까지의 과학, 기술${\cdot}$ 가정, 체육 교과서에서 고르게 다루어졌다. 가장 많은 내용을 체계적으로 다룬 교과서는 기술${\cdot}$가정이며 우유의 성분 및 주된 영양소 식품으로서의 특징과 선택 및 보관 방법. 실생활에서 균형식으로서의 실천 방법 등을 비교적 구체적으로 제시하였다. 그러나 초등학교와 마찬가지로 교과목간 학교급별간 중복 및 지식 제공의 위계가 맞지 않는 등의 문제점도 지적되었다. 따라서 우유에 대한 영양 교육도 학교급별로 대상에 맞게 영양 교육 내용의 수준을 적정화하고 체계화하며, 교과목간 및 우유 급식 등과 연계한 영양교육 프로그램으로 개발${\cdot}$운영할 필요성이 강조되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2010

The present sutdy aimed to determine whether olmesartan, an angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 ($AT_1$) receptor blocker, can influence the CA release from the isolated perfused model of the rat adrenal medulla. Olmesartan ($5{\sim}50{\mu}M$) perfused into an adrenal vein for 90 min produced dose- and time-dependent inhibition of the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh (5.32 mM), high $K^+$ (56 mM, a direct membrane-depolarizer), DMPP (100 ${\mu}M$) and McN-A-343 (100 ${\mu}M$). Olmesartan did not affect basal CA secretion. Also, in adrenal glands loaded with olmesartan (15 ${\mu}M$), the CA secretory responses evoked by Bay-K-8644 (10 ${\mu}M$, an activator of voltage-dependent L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels), cyclopiazonic acid (10 ${\mu}M$, an inhibitor of cytoplasmic $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase), veratridine (100 ${\mu}M$, an activator of voltage-dependent $Na^+$ channels), and Ang II (100 nM) were markedly inhibited. However, at high concentrations ($150{\sim}300{\mu}M$), olmesartan rather enhanced the ACh-evoked CA secretion. Taken together, these results show that olmesartan at low concentrations inhibits the CA secretion evoked by cholinergic stimulation (both nicotininc and muscarinic receptors) as well as by direct membrane depolarization from the rat adrenal medulla, but at high concentrations it rather potentiates the ACh-evoked CA secretion. It seems that olmesartan has a dual action, acting as both agonist and antagonist at nicotinic receptors of the isolated perfused rat adrenal medulla, which might be dependent on the concentration. It is also thought that this inhibitory effect of olmesartan may be mediated by blocking the influx of both $Na^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ into the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells as well as by inhibiting the $Ca^{2+}$ release from the cytoplasmic calcium store, which is thought to be relevant to the $AT_1$ receptor blockade, in addition to its enhancement on the CA secreton.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.297-309
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• 2019

본 연구는 서울 및 경기지역의 고등학생 381명을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준, 식습관, 식이자기효능감에 대한 설문 조사를 실시하였고, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준에 따라 세 개의 집단으로 구분하여 식습관 및 식이자기효능감 등과의 차이와 식이자기효능감의 매개효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많을수록 일일 외식 및 간식 비용이 높은 것으로 나타났으나 체질량 지수 (BMI)는 집단 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 대상자의 식습관과 관련하여 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많은 집단이 가공식품과 단 음식을 자주 섭취하며 잦은 야식과 스트레스성 충동적 음식 섭취를 하는 것으로 나타난 반면, 가공식품구입 시 식품 영양표시를 더 자주 확인하는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자의 식이자기효능감과 관련하여 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많을수록 전반적으로 식이자기효능감이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경 자극 조절 효능감, 정서적 요인 조절 효능감에 해당하는 문항 점수가 낮게 나타났다. 상관관계 분석 결과, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준은 식습관과 유의한 부 (-)적 상관관계가 있었으며 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경자극 조절 효능감, 정서적 요인 조절 효능감과도 유의한 부 (-)적 상관관계를 보였다. 매개효과 분석에서는 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경 자극 조절 효능감 변인과 정서적 요인 조절 효능감 변인이 유의미한 완전매개효과를 나타냈다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해보면, 음식 콘텐츠를 많이 이용하는 것은 식습관 및 식이자기효능감에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준과 식습관의 관계에서 식이자기효능감이 완전매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 음식 콘텐츠가 범람하고 있는 현재, 청소년의 올바른 식습관을 형성하기 위해 식이자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 영양교육이 중요하다고 사료된다. 청소년은 대중매체에서 제공하는 정보의 영향을 많이 받으며 스마트폰과 인터넷을 많이 사용하므로 음식 콘텐츠가 주는 시각적 자극을 영양교육의 목적으로 적절하게 활용한다면 청소년의 영양에 대한 관심 증가와 식습관 개선을 위한 동기부여에 보다 큰 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.431-439
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• 2014

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2) can affect the secretion of catecholamines (CA) in the perfused model of the rat adrenal medulla. Rb2 ($3{\sim}30{\mu}M$), perfused into an adrenal vein for 90 min, inhibited ACh (5.32 mM)-evoked CA secretory response in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Rb2 ($10{\mu}M$) also time-dependently inhibited the CA secretion evoked by DMPP ($100{\mu}M$, a selective neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist) and high $K^+$ (56 mM, a direct membrane depolarizer). Rb2 itself did not affect basal CA secretion (data not shown). Also, in the presence of Rb2 ($50{\mu}g/mL$), the secretory responses of CA evoked by veratridine (a selective $Na^+$ channel activator ($50{\mu}M$), Bay-K-8644 (an L-type dihydropyridine $Ca^{2+}$ channel activator, $10{\mu}M$), and cyclopiazonic acid (a cytoplasmic $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase inhibitor, $10{\mu}M$) were significantly reduced, respectively. Interestingly, in the simultaneous presence of Rb2 ($10{\mu}M$) and L-NAME (an inhibitor of NO synthase, $30{\mu}M$), the inhibitory responses of Rb2 on ACh-evoked CA secretory response was considerably recovered to the extent of the corresponding control secretion compared with the inhibitory effect of Rb2-treatment alone. Practically, the level of NO released from adrenal medulla after the treatment of Rb2 ($10{\mu}M$) was greatly elevated compared to the corresponding basal released level. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Rb2 inhibits the CA secretory responses evoked by nicotinic stimulation as well as by direct membrane-depolarization from the isolated perfused rat adrenal medulla. It seems that this inhibitory effect of Rb2 is mediated by inhibiting both the influx of $Ca^{2+}$ and $Na^+$ into the adrenomedullary chromaffin cells and also by suppressing the release of $Ca^{2+}$ from the cytoplasmic calcium store, at least partly through the increased NO production due to the activation of nitric oxide synthase, which is relevant to neuronal nicotinic receptor blockade.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2016

Purpose - The objectives of this study are described as following. First, the study will establish the concept of Brand Values of Environmentally-friendly agricultural product through theoretical discussion. Second, it shows the effects of Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Products brand value on Brand Satisfaction, Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty by empirical investigation. Third, in order to provide the methodology of brand development, literature regarding and questionnaire survey were used such as Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Products Brand Value, Brand Satisfaction, Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty. Based up on the results, the research estimates consumers' relative priorities of Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Products Brand Value factors in purchase. This research also suggests the consumer oriented new brand development and the progressive direction for the successful launching of Korean Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Products Brand. Research design, data, and methodology - Because the relative literatures reviewed regarding not only each factor but also the relationships among them, Brand Value was categorized into 4 dimensions: Emotional, Social, Functional, and Epistemic Value. Then, Brand Loyalty was added as an outcome variable and Brand Satisfaction, Brand Trust were also added as mediators. The proposed research model and 13 hypotheses were created and 23 measurement items were developed. A face-to-face questionnaire survey with items concerning the Brand Value of Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Products is conducted to housewives in metropolitan area in May 2016. Respondent answered about Brand Value, Brand Satisfaction, Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty in preferred Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Products. 333 copies of the questionnaire were collected and analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20.0 to determine the reliability and validity of the measurements. Results - From the confirmatory factor analysis and a structural equation modeling, the outcomes of these studies were as follows; (1) Three Brand value dimensions, i.e. Emotional Value, Social Value, and Epistemic Value had a significant and positive impact on Brand Satisfaction, but Functional Value did not. (2) Social Value also had an impact on Brand Trust, (3) Brand Satisfaction significantly affected Brand Trust, and Brand Trust influenced on Brand Loyalty, and (4) Brand Satisfaction were perfectly effective in mediation between Emotional Value, Epistemic Value and Brand Trust, and it also partially mediated between Social Value and Brand Trust. Conclusions - According to the result of consumer research on Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Product brand, 3 dimensions of brand value affected brand satisfaction, and especially Social Value was a significant positive dimension. So, marketers should concern about value proposition of Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Product to consumers by using premium package design, store identity, and distinctive product. Consumers wanted to get self-esteem, self-regard, and high social position by purchasing it. This study has academic and practical significance, so the findings can be applied to a wide range of brand management strategies. However, there are some limitations; 1) limitation about development of new brand value dimensions, 2) limitation about gender in the area of respondents. Future research should be done with wide range of respondents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2006

The purpose of this study were to a) investigate operation of human resource in contract foodservice management company (CFMC), b) identify the staffing indices for the establishment an labor productivity for CFMC, and c) develop standardized model of staffing demand as foodservice's scale in CFMC. The data was collected using FS intra-net system from 138 contract-managed foodservice operations in A CFMC and statistical analysis was completed using the SAS/win package (ver. 8.0) for description analysis, ANOVA, Duncan multiple comparison, pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The types of operation were included factory (45%), small scale operation (26%), office (11%), department store (10%), training institute (4%), and hospital (3%). The distribution of foodservice scale was classified by meal served was as follows; 'less than 500 meals (47%)', 'from 500 to 1500 meals (25%)', 'from 1500 to 2500 meals (17%)', and 'more than 2500 meals (12%)'. There was two types of contract method, fee-contract (53%) and profit-and-loss contract (46%) Some variables were significantly high operation indices such as selling price, food cost, monthly sales, net profit and others were significantly low operation indices such as labor, meal time a day in the small foodservice on meal scale (p<.001). The more foodservice was large, the more human resource was disposed on dietitian, cook, cooking employee altogether (p<.001). Foodservice in A CFMC was divided into 2 groups by 500 meals a day, according to comparative analysis of labor productivity as meal scale per working hour, meal scale a day and operation indices as meal per foodservice employee, meal per cooking employee (p<.001). The regression equation model was developed as 'the number of employees=1.82+0.014 ${\times}$ meal served' in the operation of less than 500 meals, 'the number of employees=9.42+0.013 ${\times}$ meal scale a day -0.94 ${\times}$ meal scale per working hour' in the operation over 500 meal scale using labor productivity indices and operation indices. Therefore, CFMC could be enhanced efficiency of human resource arrangement using the standardized model of staffing demand and would be increased effectiveness of profit.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.59-75
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the degree of utilization of outsourcing in large hospitals in Korea. We also investigated the outcome and the level of satisfaction for adopting outsourcing in these hospitals. Types of work areas that were currently operated by outsourcing and were planned to adopt outsourcing in the future were identified. A total of 83 hospitals were eligible for this study, which had more than 500 beds, and were identified from the 2003 National Hospital List published by the Korean Hospital Association. A self-administered Questionnaire survey was conducted between April 25th and May 20th in 2003 with a personnel being charged of arrangement of outsourcing in each hospital. Among the 58 hospitals responding the survey(response rate=69.9%), 49 hospitals(84.5%) utilized outsourcing in at least one work field in their organizations. The largest proportion of the hospitals(85.7%) using outsourcing responded that the biggest outcome after introducing outsourcing were cost reduction(49.0%), followed by improved efficiency in operating the organization or human resources(34.7%) and the improved quality of the work(6.1%). The degree of satisfaction for outsourcing among the hospital managers(3.43) was significantly higher than that among the employees(3.l4) on a S-point Likert-type scale(p<0.05). Among the 7 work areas, the hospitals used outsourcing most frequently in facility management(housekeeping, building maintenance, hospital security and parking management), followed by non-medical profit business(funeral, convenient store, and cafeteria), logistics(provision of patient meal, in-house delivery, and purchasing), and information and computing system(hospital information system, maintenance of personal computers and printers). The work areas that the hospitals planned to adopt or expand the outsourcing in the future most frequently were facility management, non-medical profit business, logistics, and information and computing systems. In conclusion, outsourcing was highly diffused in large Korean hospitals, particularly in the work field of facility management and non-medical profit business. The satisfaction for outsourcing was not high yet in Korean hospitals.