• New & Renewable Energy
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2013

The solar energy are an infinite source of energy and a clean energy without secondary pollution. The global solar energy reaching the earth's surface can be calculated easily according to the change of latitude, altitude, and sloped surface depending on the amount of the actual state of the atmosphere and clouds. The high-resolution solar-meteorological resource map with 1km resolution was developed in 2011 based on GWNU (Gangneung-Wonju National University) solar radiation model with complex terrain. The very high resolution solar energy map can be calculated and analyzed in Seoul and Eunpyung with topological effect using by 1km solar-meteorological resources map, respectively. Seoul DEM (Digital Elevation Model) have 10m resolution from NGII (National Geographic Information Institute) and Eunpyeong new town DSM (Digital Surface Model) have 1m spatial resolution from lidar observations. The solar energy have small differences according to the local mountainous terrain and residential area. The maximum bias have up to 20% and 16% in Seoul and Eunpyung new town, respectively. Small differences are that limited area with resolutions. As a result, the solar energy can calculate precisely using solar radiation model with topological effect by digital elevation data and its results can be used as the basis data for the photovoltaic and solar thermal generation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2014

Kompsat-3 is an optical high-resolution earth observation satellite launched in May 2012. In addition to its 0.7m spatial resolution, Kompsat-3 is capable of in-track stereo acquisition enabling quality Digital Elevation Model(DEM) generation. Typical DEM generation procedure requires accurate control points well-distributed over the entire image region. But we often face difficult situations especially when the area of interests is oversea or inaccessible area. One solution to this is to use existing geospatial data even though they only cover a part of the image. This paper aimed to assess accuracy of DEM from Kompsat-3 with different scenarios including no control point, Rational Polynomial Coefficients(RPC) relative adjustment, and RPC adjustment with control points. Experiments were carried out for Kompsat-3 stereo data in USA. We used Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle(DOQ) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM) as control points sources. The generated DEMs are compared to a LiDAR DEM for accuracy assessment. The test results showed that the relative RPC adjustment significantly improved DEM accuracy without any control point. And comparable DEM could be derived from single control point from DOQ and SRTM, showing 7 meters of mean elevation error.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2008.03a
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2008

최근 도심지역이 급변하고 고해상도 위성영상의 보급이 증가함에 따라 고해상도 위성영상을 이용한 수치표고모델과 정사영상 생성에 관한 연구가 활발해 지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 IKONOS, SPOT5, QUICKBIRD, KOMPSAT2 위성영상을 이용하여 DEM 과 정사영상을 생성하였으며 USGS DTED 와 기준점을 이용하여 결과의 정확도를 비교 분석하였다. 보다 정확한 DEM 생성을 위해 자동 피라미드 알고리즘을 적용하고 영상 정합시 에피폴라 기하학을 적용하였다. 정사 영상 생성시 DTED 높이값을 이용하여 보정을 수행하였으며 생성 속도를 높이기 위하여 리샘플링 그리드를 적용하였다. 본 연구에서 DEM 과 정사영상 생성시 QUICKBIRD 와 SPOT5 의 경우 영상의 용량이 매우 커 메모리 부족문제와 알고리즘 수행 속도 저하가 발생함을 확인하였다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 DEM 생성시 정합 후보점의 개수를 줄이는 알고리즘을 고안하여 기존에 메모리 문제로 생성하지 못했던 QUICKBIRD와 SPOT5 의 DEM 을 생성하였으며 정사 영상 생성시 리샘플링 그리드를 적용하여 고해상도 정상영상 생성 속도 개선에 상당한 효과를 가져왔다. 그러나 고해상도 위성 영상의 용량이 점점 커져감에 따라 이러한 메모리 문제와 처리 속도 저하에 관한 문제는 추후 계속적으로 연구되어야 할 부분이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 생성한 IKONOS, SPOT5, QUICKBIRD DEM 의 정확도를 USGS DTED 와 비교한 결과 13${\sim}$15 m 정도의 RMS 높이 오차가 산출되었으며 생성된 IKONOS, QUICKBIRD, KOMPSAT2 정사영상을 기준점과 비교한 결과 3 m 정도의 거리오차가 산출되었음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.21-35
• /
• 2009

KOMPSAT-2 is the seventh high-resolution image satellite in the world that provides both 1m-grade panchromatic images of the GSD and 4m-grade multispectral images of the GSD. It's anticipated to be used across many different areas including mapping, territory monitoring and environmental watch. However, due to the complexity and security concern involved with the use of the MSC, the use of KOMPSAT-2 images are limited in terms of geometric images, such as satellite orbits and detailed mapping information. Therefore, this study aims to produce DEM and orthoimage by using the stereo images of KOMPSAT-2, and to explore the applicability of geo-spatial information with KOMPSAT -2. Orientation interpretations were essential for the production of DEM and orthoimage using KOMPSAT-2 images. In the study, they are performed by utilizing both RPC and GCP. In this study, the orientation interpretations are followed by the generation of DEM and orthoimage, and the analysis of their accuracy based on a 1:5,000 digital map. The accuracy analysis of DEM is performed and the results indicate that their altitudes are, in general, higher than those obtained from the digital map. The altitude discrepancies on plains, hills and mountains are calculated as 1.8m, 7.2m, and 11.9m, respectively. In this study, the mean differences between horizontal position between the orthoimage data and the digital map data are found to be ${\pm}3.081m$, which is in the range of ${\pm}3.5m$, within the permitted limit of a 1:5,000 digital map. KOMPSAT-2 images are used to produce DEM and orthoimage in this research. The results suggest that DEM can be adequately used to produce digital maps under 1:5,000 scale.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.118-125
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the ortho image quality change according to the generation technique of Digital Elevation Model(DEM) based on the digital map. First of all, two different types of DEM were generated using contour layer(Case1), contour layer and altitude layer(Case2) from the digital map on the scale of 1/5,000. After generating and evaluating two types of DEM, KOMPSAT-2 ortho images were generated by using them. In conclusion, Case2 DEM was more effective to use in the slope and switchback area, on the other hand, Case1 DEM was much better than Case2 DEM for preventing a topographic distortion in flat area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.29 no.1D
• /
• pp.153-160
• /
• 2009

In relation to digital elevation model(DEM) production using high resolution satellite imagery, existing studies present that DEM accuracy differently show according to land cover property. This study therefore proposes auto-selection method of window size for correlation matching according to land cover property of IKONOS Geo-level stereo image. For this, land cover classified image is obtained by IKONOS color image with four bands. In addition, correlation-coefficients are computed at regular intervals in pixels of the window-search area to shorten of matching time. As the results, DEM by the proposed method showed more accurate than DEM using the fixed window-size matching. We estimate that accuracy of the proposed DEM improved more than DEM by digital map and ERDAS in agricultural land.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.331-344
• /
• 2017

Solar energy is calculated using high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). In focus on Seoul metropolitan area, correction coefficients of direct and diffuse solar energy with the topographic effect are calculated from DEM with 1720, 900, 450, 90 and 30 spatial resolutions ($m{\times}m$), respectively. The solar energy on the real surface with high-resolution is corrected using by the correction coefficients with topographic effect from the solar energy on horizontal surface with lower resolution. Consequently, the solar energy on the real surface is more detailed distribution than those of horizontal surface. In particular, the topographic effect in the winter is larger than summer because of larger solar zenith angle in winter. In Seoul metropolitan area, the monthly mean topographic effects are more than 200% in winter and within 40% in summer. And annual topographic effects are negative role with more than -60% and positive role with below 40%, respectively. As a result, topographic effect on real surface is not a negligible factor when calculating and analyzing solar energy using regional and global models.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.831-833
• /
• 2003

We have evaluated the accuracy of digital elevation models of Jeju island generated with three different sensors, NASA JPL TOPSAR, JERS-1 SAR, KOMPSAT-1 EOC using Interferometric SAR and stereo photogrammetry. Characteristics and limitations of each method are described.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.11-23
• /
• 2000

The subjects of this study are to examine and to apply the methods of making 1 : 10,000 scale digital maps using Russian's 2 m resolution satellite images of Alternative and 8 m resolution stereo satellite images of MK-4 for the Kyoha area of Paju-city where aerial-photo surveying is not possible. A digital elevation model (DEM) was calculated from MK-4 images. With this DEM, the Alternative images were orthorectified. Ground control points (GCP) were acquired from GPS surveyings and were used to perform geometric corrections on Alternative images. From field investigation, thematic attributes are digitized on the monitor. RMS errors of the planar and vertical positions are estimated to ${\pm}0.4$ m and ${\pm}15$ m, respectively. The planar accuracy is better than an accuracy required by NGIS (national GIS) programs. Local information from field investigation was added and the resulting maps should be good as base maps for, such as, regional and urban plannings.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.193-206
• /
• 2008

If stereo images is used for Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation, a DEM is generally made by matching left image against right image from stereo images. In stereo matching, tie-points are used as initial match candidate points. The number and distribution of tie-points influence the matching result. DEM made from matching result has errors such as holes, peaks, etc. These errors are usually interpolated by neighbored pixel values. In this paper, we propose the DEM generation method combined with automatic tie-points extraction using existing DEM, image pyramid, and interpolating new DEM using existing DEM for more reliable DEM. For test, we used IKONOS, QuickBird, SPOT5 stereo images and a DTED level 2 data. The test results show that the proposed method automatically makes reliable DEMs. For DEM validation, we compared heights of DEM by proposed method with height of existing DTED level 2 data. In comparison result, RMSE was under than 15 m.