• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2015

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate anti-obesity effects of mixed-Powder(Raphani Semen, Coicis Semen, Poria, Plantaginis Testa & Theae folium)(HP) & mixed water extract(Citri Pericarpium, Crataegi Fructus, Maydis Stigma, Allium Skin) (HE) in mice fed a high-fat diet. Method : 50 Female ICR mice were divided into six groups; Normal group (Ve), high-fat diet group (Po), Po+HP(0.6g/kg) group(HP), Po+HE(1g/kg) group(HE), Po+(HP+HE) group(HPE), Po+(HP+HE)*2 group(DHPE). For 8 weeks, these groups were fed their respective diets. Body weight, liver weight and weights of adipose tissues, GOT/GPT index changes & Blood Glucose index changes were measured respectively. Lipid profiles in serum were analyzed by kit of blood. Results : Groups HP, HE, HPE, DHPE had significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, adipose tissue weights and GOT/GPT index, blood glucose index compared to the Po group. Also, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, were significantly reduced when compared to the Po group. Group G1 had significantly increased high density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion : Mixed powder (HP) & mixed water extract (HE) show anti-obesity effects in mice fed a high-fat diet.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.327-335
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• 2017

Objective: The goal of this preclinical study was to compare the dyslipidemic effect of pravastatin with that of herbal medicine in rats. Methods: In total, 40 rats were divided into 4 groups: Normal (10 rats), Control (10 rats), Statin alone (10 rats), and the MO-PM-S group (10 rats), which was given the powder of the cortex of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils., the root of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, and pravastatin. The Control group, the Statin alone group, and the MO-PM-S group were all given a high-fat (45%) diet that made them obese. After 2 weeks of drug administration, the dyslipidemic effect of pravastatin was compared with that of herbal medicine in rats by analyzing the lipid profiles, measuring the body weights, and taking biopsies (liver, aorta). Results: The herbal medicine and the statin complex group got a much lower TG level and a slightly higher HDL-cholesterol level than the other groups. However, it got a higher total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level than the other groups. In biopsies, 30% of the Statin alone group and 10% of the MO-PM-S group showed mild histopathologic findings in the liver. Conclusion: The cortex of the Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. and the root of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb have dyslipidemic effects from the perspective of a TG level and HDL-cholesterol. However, the herbal mixture has a raising effect on both the LDL-cholesterol and the total cholesterol levels. Therefore, we cannot conclude that the herbal mixture helps to prevent dyslipidemia. In liver biopsies, the group administered with both the herbal mixture and the statin showed less histopathologic findings than the group administered with statin alone. This means that the herbal mixture helps to prevent fatty degeneration of the liver.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.750-756
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• 2010

Two trials were conducted to study the effects of two Chinese herbal polysaccharides, Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) and Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS), and one Chinese herbal saponin, Acantbepanax senticosus saponin (ASS), on the immunity and growth performance of weaned pigs. Experiment 1 was a 14-day growth assay, in which 32 weaned pigs were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments: i) 0.05% talcum powder control; ii) 0.05% APS; iii) 0.05% mixture of APS and ASS in a 1:1 ratio by weight; and iv) 0.05% mixture of APS, ASS, and ABPS in a ratio of 1:1:1 by weight. Blood samples were collected on day 14 to determine plasma parameters. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed efficiency were also determined. Experiment 2 was a 21-day immunity assay, in which 16 weaned pigs were randomly allotted to one of two dietary treatments: i) 0.05% talcum powder control; and ii) 0.05% mixture of APS and ASS in a 1:1 ratio by weight. On day 21, pigs were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 3 h later blood samples were collected and analyzed for lymphocyte proliferation as well as interleukin 6 (IL-6), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol levels. In Experiment 1, feeding Chinese herbal polysaccharides and saponin increased growth performance of the pigs. The effects of the mixture of APS and ASS were especially notable, as there was a significant improvement in growth performance compared with the control (p<0.05). The plasma concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG), nitric oxide (NO), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were increased in all treatments groups, with the mixture of APS and ASS increasing the level of IgG and NOS significantly (p<0.05), compared with the control. There was no difference in the NO level between the control and treatment groups (p>0.05). In Experiment 2, Chinese herbal polysaccharides and saponin showed immunostimulating effects. The level of cortisol, GH, and IGF-I were significantly increased (p>0.05), and the level of IL-6 showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the APS and ASS treatment after the LPS challenge. The mixture of APS and ASS could stimulate the blood lymphocyte proliferation significantly whether the LPS was injected or not (p<0.05). These results show that Chinese herbal extracts can improve growth performance and stimulate immunity of weaned pigs. A mixture of APS and ASS, compared with APS alone, could be a new kind of immunostimulant for weaned pigs, which could result in greater positive effects on their growth performance and immunity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2021

본 연구는 국내산 복분자와 오디의 활용도를 높이고 고품질의 환을 개발하기 위해 복분자 가루, 오디 가루, 비타민 C 세 가지 재료가 복분자-오디 환의 항산화 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 혼합물 설계법 중 D-optimal mixture design을 이용하였다. 독립변수인 복분자 가루, 오디 가루 및 비타민 C 함량에 따라 복분자-오디 환의 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, FRAP이 linear 모델, DPPH 라디컬 소거활성은 quadratic 모델로 결정되었으며 회귀식은 p-value의 값이 각각 0.0481, <0.0001, <0.0001 및 0.0387로 유의성이 인정되었다. 총 페놀 함량은 비타민 C 첨가량에 영향을 크게 받았지만 복분자 가루 및 오디 가루 첨가량이 부정적인 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 복분자 가루의 함량이 증가할수록 크게 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. DPPH 라디컬 소거활성은 비타민 C 첨가량이 높을수록 증가하였으며, 복분자 가루의 첨가량이 너무 낮아지면 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. FRAP 활성은 비타민 C와 오디가루 첨가량이 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 결과와 desirability를 바탕으로 두 개의 복분자-오디 환 배합비가 가능할 것으로 도출되었지만 이 둘 중에서 Formulation 1 (복분자 가루 35%, 오디가루 10%, 비타민 C 10%)이 desirability가 0.8 이상으로 제품 품질이 적합하고 우수하여 최적 배합 비율로 설정하였다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2015

Objectives l: This study is to investigate the emergence of herbal medicine during Japanese colonial period by reviewing newspaper advertisements and brochures about patient medicine of Chosun Maiyak Corporation. Methods : 69 kinds of patent medications and 584 newspaper advertisements are throughly reviewed to investigate dosage form, drug effect, sales unit and method, price, and advertisement pattern. Results : Lyungsinwhan represented more than half of the total advertisements, followed by Yungmihwan, Sahyangsohabwon, Yeollyeonggobondan, and Chiljehyangbuhwan. Lyungsinwhan was advertised mostly in spring and summer whereas Yungmihwan and Yeollyeonggobondan were advertised in spring and fall. Dosage form included pill(丸), mixture(膏), powder(散), and liquid(水, 液), while pill and mixture prevailed over other forms. Drug effect included dermatological, pediatric, digestive, and gynecological effects in the increasing order of drug numbers. Sales unit and price were found to vary significantly. Sales method included nationwide network distribution of medicine through postcards and stores. Conclusion : Herbal medicine during the colonial period was distributed in various kinds of forms with different effects and advertisement patterns through diverse sales unit and price.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2019

The objective of present study is to evaluate concentration-dependent in vitro anti-osteoarthritic (OA) effects of synergic mixed formula consisted of dried pomegranate juice concentrate powder, Eucommiae Cortex aqueous extract and Achyranthis Radix aqueous extract 5:4:1 (g/g) mixture on the primary cultured rat articular chondrocytes. First, any cytotoxic effect of mixture was observed using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium Bromide) assay. Next, cyto-protective effect of test substances was evaluated by using the recombinant human interleukin $(rhIL)-1{\alpha}$ induced chondrocytes. In addition, anti-inflammatory effects were also observed on the lipopolysaccaride (LPS) treated chondrocytes through prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ productions and 5-lipoxygenase (LPO) activities, and inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activities were observed on $rhIL-1{\alpha}$ treated chondrocytes with their extracellular matrix (ECM) related mRNA expressions. No obvious cytotoxic effects of mixture were demonstrated. Inflammatory damages of chondrocytes and related ECM degradations induced by treatment of LPS or $rhIL-1{\alpha}$ were significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited by pretreatment of mixture from a concentration level of 0.001 mg/ml to 1 mg/ml. In addition, mixture showed $IC_{50}$ for $rhIL-1{\alpha}-induced$ MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities as 44.01 and $162.47{\mu}g/ml$, and also showed $EC_{50}$ for $rhIL-1{\alpha}-induced$ inhibition of collagen type II, SOX9 and aggrecan mRNA expression as 8.61, 10.79 and $4.47{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. It is observed that mixture showed concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective ECM preserved effects on the primary cultured rat articular chondrocytes without cytotoxicity.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.721-730
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• 2017

This study determined the optimal mixing ratio of functional materials to enhance the functionality of batter for fish cutlets. An optimal mixing ratio of the hiziki Hizikia fusiformis, fig fruit Ficus carica L. and pear Pyrus pyrifolia Niitaka extracts (HFP extract) of 3:1:1 was found. The physicochemical properties of the mixture were as follows: total phelonic contents of $1187.29{\pm}41.55mg/L$, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of $61.50{\pm}2.33%$, ascorbic acid content of $23.68{\pm}0.02g/100g$, ${\beta}-carotene$ content of $51{\pm}3.92{\mu}g/100g$, and sugar content of $12.7{\pm}0.1Brix^{\circ}$. A mixture of the extract, Korean herbal powder, and wheat flour was prepared as the fish cutlet batter. The fish cutlet prepared with the batter had a hardness of $166-202g/cm^2$ and Hunter's color scale values L of $31.14{\pm}2.1$ to $34.62{\pm}1.3$, a of $-4.89{\pm}0.21$ to $-2.26{\pm}0.19$ and b of $-20.65{\pm}2.65$ to $28.93{\pm}3.14$. The FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and VBN (volatile basic nitrogen) of the fish cutlets were measured to evaluate functionality and determine the optimal mixing ratio for cold storage at $-12^{\circ}C$, $-18^{\circ}C$, and $-24^{\circ}C$. The optimum mixture ratio of extracts /Korean herbal powder/ wheat flour was 1:6:3.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2013

본 실험은 박과류(오이, 참외, 멜론)를 공시작물로 하여 친환경 육묘시 친환경 제제와 시용조건에 따른 흰가루병의 방제효과를 구명하고 기존 등록된 농약과 대조하여 그 효과를 검정하기 위해 수행되었다. 친환경제제는 유효미생물로서 Ampelomyces quisqualis 94013(AQ94013)과 Bacillus subtilis Y1336(BS Y1336), 식물추출물로서 님오일(Neem oil)과 대황(Rheum undulatum)추출물, 미네랄 제제는 황수화제와 석회보르도액(Lime Bordeaux mixture)을 단용 또는 혼용처리하여 병 발생시기(발생전, 초기, 중기)에 따라 처리하였다. 모든 처리구에서 시설내 일 평균온도 $30^{\circ}C$ 이상, 하루 중 최고기온이 $40^{\circ}C$ 이상의 조건이 일주일 이상 지속되는 기간 동안 유묘의 흰가루병의 발병도는 감소하였고, 대조구인 무처리구에서의 발병도도 크게 감소되어 10% 미만으로 나타났다. 발생 전처리시 방제효과는 모든 작물에서 황수화제가 가장 높았고, BS Y1336는 방제가가 20~40%로서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 오이의 경우 발생전 처리시 님오일과 황수화제 처리는 살균제보다 높은 방제효과를 보였으며, 멜론에서는 농약과 비슷한 방제가를 보였다. 대황추출물은 전 생육기간 동안 미생물제제보다 높은 방제가를 나타내었고, 오이와 멜론작물에서 발생초기 처리시 효과가 우수하였다. 물살포구는 무처리구와 비슷한 발병도를 보여 방제효과가 없었고, 참외와 멜론에서 물살포 처리는 무처리보다 더 높은 발병도를 보였다. 병발생후 친환경제제 처리시 방제효과는 처리하는 시기가 늦어질수록 감소하였다. 친환경제제의 혼용처리에 의한 방제효과를 조사하였을 때, 대황추출물(1주차) + 황수화제(2주차) + 님오일(3주차)의 조합으로 한 가지의 친환경제제를 주당 1회씩 총 3주 동안 혼용처리 했을 때, 전 육묘기간 동안 오이에서는 90% 이상, 모든 작물에서 평균 80% 이상의 방제가를 나타내어 다른 조합의 처리에 비해 높은 방제효과를 보였다. 본 실험결과를 통해 박과채소의 친환경 육묘시 흰가루병에 대한 친환경제제의 방제효과는 단용처리 했을 때, 병발생 전후 처리에 상관없이 모든 작물에서 황수화제 처리가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 혼용처리시에는 대황추출물(1주차) + 황수화제(2주차) + 님오일(3주차)의 조합이 가장 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.340-347
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop a recipe for a nutritional cookie with lotus root powder that had the optimal composition of ingredients and texture resulting in high preference by all age groups. Wheat flour was partially substituted with lotus root powder to reduce its content. Response Surface Methodology was used to analyze the measured results, which showed 16 experimental points including 2 replicates for lotus root powder, sugar and butter. The compositional and functional properties were measured, and these values were applied to a mathematical model. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the final mixture product. The sensory evaluation results showed significant values in color (p<0.01), texture (p<0.05) and overall quality (p<0.05). As a result, the optimal sensory ratio was determined to be 22.59 g of lotus root powder, and 53.08 g of sugar for every 120 g of butter.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2005

Objective : Literary investigation of existing data was conducted to verify effects of Moschus and its herbal acupuncture, and determine quality management through component analysis. Results : Following results were obtained through literary investigation. 1. Deer musk (Moschus) is dried navel gland secretions of the adult male musk deer. 2. Moschus is known to be effective for treating various febrile diseases, to revive senses, heart and abdominal pain, complications from cerebral hemorrhage, angina, and others. 3. Single dosage of Moschus is between $0.03{\sim}0.1g$ and should not exceed 1g. Normally taken as powder or pill and may be used externally. 4. Moschus also has protective effects for the liver cells, and experiments revealed possible efficacies for hyperlipidemia, brain damage, hypertension, and etc. 5. For herbal acupuncture usage, Fel Ursi, Bezoar Bovis, and Moschus are used as a mixture (BUM), and it's known to be effective for protecting the liver and treating arthritis. 6. For component analysis of Moschus, aromatic matter 'muscone' should be used as a standard matter.