• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.372-373
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.285-293
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• 1971

The statistical thermodynamical properties of heavy water are calculated according to the transient state theory of significant liquid structure. The calculated values are shown to be in good agreement with the observed ones. The grand canonical ensemble partition function for the adsorbed phase of heavy water on graphite surface is derived using the theory. The adsorption isotherm, the surface pressure, the molar entropy and the molar internal energy for the adsorbed phase and then the molar heat of adsorption are calculated according to the derived partition function. The thermodynamic properties of the adsorbed water are also calculated and the results are compared with those of heavy water and discussed in view of the experimentally observed phenomena.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.415-422
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• 1996

Tritium removal from tritiated heavy water in a PHWR is the most effective way in reducing workers' internal dose and radioactivity emissions from Wolsong NPP. The optimum design of the Wolsong TRF (Tritium Removal Facility) was carried out using an approximate short-cut method with an assumption that the TRF, designed to extract 8 MCi per year of elemental tritium from a heavy oater feedstream, uses Liquid Phase Catalytic Exchange (LPCE) front-end process and Cryogenic Distillation (CD) process.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

Establishment of a new concept of environmental friendly livestock manure management is required based on the facts. But now liquid fertilizer quality in korea shows a large difference among regions and the regulations are uncertain. Focusing on precedent study on main level-grading factors of liquid fertilizer quality certification, the study collected laws and standards related to liquid fertilizer of livestock manure at home and abroad and produced evaluation standards. Liquid fertilizer was divided into four factors (fertilizing value, harmfulness, stability and uniformity). According to each item, scores were awarded based on 16 details: fertilizing value (Nitrogen concentration, the whole concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphoric acid and Kalium), harmfulness (heavy metals, pathogenic microorganism and antibiotics), stability (maturity degree and odour), uniformity (EC, BOD, SS, moisture content and salt). The grade of liquid fertilizer, A (42~48), B (34~41), C (26~33) were rated using total scores.

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.92-96
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• 2002

In this paper, we treated the Ni$_3$Al based alloy samples with intense pulsed ion beams (IPIB) at the beam parameters of 250KV acceleration voltage, 100 - 200 A/cm$^2$ current density and 60 u pulse duration. We simulated the thermal-mechanical process near the surface of Ni$_3$Al based alloy with our STEIPIB codes. The surface morphology and the cross-section microstructures of samples were observed with SEM, the composition of the sample surface layer was determined by X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (XEDS) and the microstructure on the surface was observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The results show that heating rate increases with the current density of IPIB and cooling rate reached highest value less than 150 A/cm$^2$. The irradiation of IPIB induced the segregation of Mo and adequate beam parameter can improve anti-oxidation properly of IC6 alloy. Some craters come from extraneous debris and liquid droplets, and some maybe due to the melting of the intersection region of interphase. Increasing the pulse number enlarges average size of craters and decreases number density of craters.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.458-464
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• 2006

The adsorption ability of heavy metal ions from the aqueous solution by chitosan, which it is well known natural biopolymer, has been investigated. The fundamental study in this research is focusing on the physicochemical adsorption utilizing the chitosan as a organic chelating adsorbent, adsorb especially heavy metal ions from the waste liquid solution. The adsorption ability of the chitosan between metal ions, having different characteristics with Mw of 188,600, 297,200, and 504,200 g/mol and degree of deacetylation (DD) of 86.92% and 100% were investigated targeting on the $Ni^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, and $Pb^{2+}$ ions, respectively. The uptake of heavy metal ions with chitosan was performed by atomic absorption flame emission spectrophotometer (AAS) as conducted residual metal ions. It was found that chitosan has an strong adsorption capacity for some metals under certain conditions. Chitosan, which have 100% degree of deacetylation showed high adsorption recovery ratio and have an affinity for all kinds of heavy metals. In contrast, the molecular weight of chitosan was not completely affected on metal ion adsorption.

• Atmosphere
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.495-508
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• 2016

In order to determine the prediction possibility of heavy rainfall, a variety of analyses was conducted by using three-dimensional data obtained from Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System (KLAPS) re-analysis data. Strong moisture convergence occurring around the time of the heavy rainfall is consistent with the results of previous studies on such continuous production. Heavy rainfall occurred in the cloud system with a thick convective clouds. The moisture convergence, temperature and potential temperature advection showed increase into the heavy rainfall occurrence area. The distribution of integrated liquid water content tended to decrease as rainfall increased and was characterized by accelerated convective instability along with increased buoyant energy. In addition, changes were noted in the various characteristics of instability indices such as K-index (KI), Showalter Stability Index (SSI), and lifted index (LI). The meteorological variables used in the analysis showed clear increases or decreases according to the changes in rainfall amount. These rapid changes as well as the meteorological variables changes are attributed to the surrounding and meteorological conditions. Thus, we verified that heavy rainfall can be predicted according to such increase, decrease, or changes. This study focused on quantitative values and change characteristics of diagnostic variables calculated by using numerical models rather than by focusing on synoptic analysis at the time of the heavy rainfall occurrence, thereby utilizing them as prognostic variables in the study of the predictability of heavy rainfall. These results can contribute to the identification of production and development mechanisms of heavy rainfall and can be used in applied research for prediction of such precipitation. In the analysis of various case studies of heavy rainfall in the future, our study result can be utilized to show the development of the prediction of severe weather.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.183-185
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• 2002

Heavy ion and proton therapy necessitate range weeks, which are time consuming. Three types of variable compensator, membrane type liquid variable compensator, are proposed by some of the authors to overcome the difficulties, by those arbitrarily thickness distribution of compensator obtained from treatment planning is created at the site of treatment. None of the ideas, however, is yet realized. In this research, we are trying to construct prototype membrane-type liquid variable compensator. This variable compensator partitions air and liquid with elasticity membrane and changes the surface of the elasticity membrane with the thread. The air and oil move through holes to and from the out of beam side of two boxes in which they are contained. The boxes are made of Plexiglas(PMMA), the thread which is made of nylon, the elasticity film which is made from latex for the moment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.68-69
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• 2006

When an alloy such as Ni-W is liquid phase sintered, heavy solid W particles sedimentate to the bottom of the container, provided that their volume fraction is less than a critical value. The sintering process evolves typically in two stages, diffusiondriven macrosegregation sedimentation followed by true sedimentation. During macrosegregation sedimentation, the overall solid volume fraction decreases concurrently with elimination of liquid concentration gradient. However, in the second stage of true sedimentation, the average solid volume fraction in the mushy zone increases with time. It is proposed that the true sedimentation results from particle rearrangement for higher packing efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.446-452
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• 2010

Five year term study from 2002 to 2006 was carried out to examine the effects of continuous long-term application of swine liquid manure on soil chemical properties including heavy metal contents and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in a greenhouse. Treatments were conventional chemical fertilizers and three types of swine slurry; Slurry composting and biofiltration (SCB), Thermophilic aerobic oxidation (TAO), and Bio-mineral water (BMW). Total nitrogen level of the SCB, TAO, and BMW was 0.47%, 0.09%, and less than 0.01%, respectively. The heavy metal contents of the three liquid manures were much lower than the Korean regulation level. The soil phosphorus, potassium, and heavy metal contents after five year continuous application of swine slurry were not significantly higher than those of chemical fertilizer use. Contents of heavy metals in leaves of the crops did not show significant difference among treatments. The levels of copper and zinc, plant essential elements, in leaves were in the range of optimum plant growth. Yields of tomato and cucumber for swine liquid manures were not significantly different from that of chemical fertilizer. The results implied that the three types of swine slurry may not deteriorate soil chemical properties including phosphate and trace elements in greenhouse soils when they are applied as a basal fertilization at a recommended nitrogen rate based on soil testing.