• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.171.1-171.1
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• 2011

폐기물의 처리방법은 중간처리와 최종처리로 구분되며, 중간처리의 방법으로는 고형화, 생물학적 처리(소화), 화학적 처리(중화/침전/추출), 자원화 및 재활용, 소각/열분해용융/가스화 등이 있다. 최종처리 방법으로는 매립, 해양투기 등이 있으며, 과거에는 폐기물의 처리 방법으로 최종처리가 많이 이용되었으나 현재에는 지속가능한발전의 이념아래 폐기물의 자원화, 청정에너지의 생산 등을 이유로 전처리 기술이 많이 보급되고 있는 추세이다. 남원시에서 발생되는 생활폐기물은 2010년 통계에 따르면 하루 평균 약 43돈에 이르고 있으며, 매립지의 사용연수를 연장하기 위한 중간처리 방법이 검토되고 있다. 생활폐기물의 가장 일반적인 중간처리 방법으로는 소각, 열분해용융, 가스화 등이 적용될 수 있으며, 이와 같은 열적처리는 폐기물의 감용 및 감량 효율이 높은 중간처리 방법에 속한다. 이러한 열적처리를 위해서는 폐기물의 물리적 특성에 대한 조사 및 검토가 가장 먼저 선행되어야 하며, 본 연구에서는 남원시에서 발생되는 생활폐기물의 성상분류, 삼성분분석, 원소분석, 발열량분석 결과를 통해 가스화에 적합한 전처리 조건을 예측하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2001

Changes in chemical components of small black bean chungkugjang(SBBC) added with kiwi and radish as foodstuffs to repress off-odor and enhance the quality of SBBC suring fermentation were investigated. Optimal pretreatment conditions of small black bean suitable to the fermentation of chungkugjang were 3 hrs of soaking time 1.5 times of ratio of water to black bean. 1.0 atm of high pressure, 20 min of heating time, cutting and crushing of heat-treated black bean. Moisture content of SBBC was remarkably lower than that of soybean chungkugjang(SBC) as control. Crude protein of SBBC was in the range 23.37∼25.71% and higher than that of SBC, Crude lipid of SBBC was lower than that of SBC. Crude lipid of SBBC added with kiwi and radish paste was decreased than that of SBBC without two foodstuffs. pH of SBBC were rapidly increased to 24 hrs of fermentation and gradually increased thereafter. Total acidity was shown to be reversely decreased as compared to pH tendency. Reducing sugar was increased to 24 hrs of fermentation and then decreased. In SBBC and SBC, potassium was the most abundant followed by phosphorus, magnesium and calcium.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.839-848
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• 2018

Coptis chinensis (CC) is widely used in Asian countries to treat inflammatory diseases. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous fraction separated from CC extract and of berberine, its key bioactive component, in human keratinocytes and the possible molecular mechanisms underlying this. Treating HaCaT keratinocytic cells with heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes induced nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine (e.g., tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, and IL-8) production and their mRNA expression; these effects were suppressed by pretreatment with the aqueous fraction or berberine, which also suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 kinases and the nuclear expression of nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ p65 in P. acnes-stimulated cells. Thus, the aqueous fraction and berberine effectively exerted anti-inflammatory activities by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase and $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathways in human keratinocytes and may be used for treating P. acnes-induced inflammatory skin diseases.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.547-552
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• 2010

The recent bloom of a very large jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai has caused a danger to sea fishery and sea bathers. Presently, Nemopilema nomurai is thrown away through a separator system in the sea. The objective of this work was to produce bio-gas from Nemopilema nomurai by using anaerobic digestion. The bio-gas includes the hydrogen or the methane gases. It relates that Nemopilema nomurai is effectually changed into the renewable energy. When the jellyfish biomass was used as an organic carbon source the bio-gases were evolved. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for hydrogen and methane gases production according to the substrate concentrations of Nemopilema nomurai, optimal culture condition and the sludge-pretreatment without pH control. The optimal culture condition was found to be $35^{\circ}C$ and the heat-treatments of jellyfish was done at $120^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The production rate of hydrogen and methane gas were found to be 8.8 mL/L/h, 37.2 mL/L/h from 1.5 g of dry Nemopilema nomurai.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.583-588
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• 1999

The characteristics of copper thin films and pattern filling capability were investigated by ECD. Prior to deposition of copper film, seed-Cu/Ta(TaN)/$SIO_2$(BPSG)/Si structure was manufactured. Copper deposition was performed with various current waveforms(DC/PC, 1~10,000Hz) and current densities(10~60 mA/$\textrm{cm}^2$) after pretreatment (Oxident removal, wetting) of seed-layer. Conformal pattern filling was performed using PC method with fast deposition rate of 6,000~8,000$\AA$/min. Heat-treated($450^{\circ}C$, 30min) copper films showed good resistivities of 1.8~2.1$\mu$$\Omega$.cm. According to the XRD analysis, (111)-preferred orientation of copper film was found in ECD-Cu/seed-Cu/Ta/$Sio_2$/Si structure. Also, we have successfully achieved to fill via holes with 0.35$\mu\textrm{m}$ width and 4:1 aspect ratio.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2010

Eleuthero(Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim.) cortex is well known as a herb medicine for tonic. This study was performed to improve the quality of dried E. senticosus cortex. Investigation of quality factor and contents of efficient compounds under different steaming times and drying methods were performed to determine the proper processing and drying conditions of Eleuthero cortex harvested on March in annual stems. The proper steaming time for peeling bark to make high quality Eleuthero cortex took less than 20 mins. Eleutheroside B and E contents among drying methods were significantly different at 5% level DMRT. The $50^{\circ}C$ heat drying was the most advisable condition for drying, when drying and keeping contents of effective compounds.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2016

The needs to develop high value-added foods are expanding due to the trends of food market, such as importance of food security by enlarged international free trades and expanded market size for processed foods. However, our home country exhibits limit transport to development of new products and high-value added area compared to other advanced countries. For this reason Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs and Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology have launched "High Value-Added Food Technology Development Program" for improvement of value of food resources for practical use since 2013. The program contains research to increase the values of agricultural and animal resources and the construction of database. Main research topics are studies in pretreatment techniques to improve the values of agricultural and animal resources, improvement of acceptability, and processing qualities that would be engrafted on materializaton and commercialization technologies. In addition the construction of a consolidated database regarding the research achievements is included in the program. Currently, studies in processing qualities for about 30 food materials re under progress, being suitable for materialization, for examples drying, fermentation, grinding, heat-treatment, and so on. The research results are provided in public through the consolidated database website after reconstruction in the form of united database format. To date the database containing the about 300 of research contents for process qualities has been constructed.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2022

The browning phenomenon of fruits can be easily observed when fruits or vegetables (apples, pears, bananas, potatoes, etc.) are cut with a knife and the part turns brown. When this browning occurs, changes in taste, color, and nutrients usually are introduced. The cause of this browning phenomenon has been well studied for a long time, but these studies have mainly focused on preventing deterioration of processed foods during food processing or storage. Resultantly, there are few studies on how much changes in nutrients (saccharides, amino acids, fats, water-soluble low molecular weight ammonium ions, etc.) are caused by browning. The purpose of this study is to determine the change in nutrients during browning using apple as a model fruit. We conducted a comparative study on how much the nutrient fluctuations differ depending on the presence or absence of pretreatment such as the application of heat. All analysis was conducted using ¹H NMR. The ANOVA analysis showed that the concentrations of 4 amino acids (alanine, asparagine, isoleucine, and valine), 3 types of sugars (fructose, glucose, and xylose), 1 type of organic acid (lactate) and choline were significantly increased in samples showing browning. In addition, the groups before and after browning were clearly separated using multivariate statistical analysis methods (PCA, PLS-DA), which was greatly contributed by two sugar components (fructose and glucose) present in high concentrations in apples.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

이 연구에서는 사이징 공정을 포함해서 수세, 전처리 그리고 최종 열처리 둥의 염색.가공 공정에서의 습열 및 건열 처리 온도가 폴리에스테르 직물의 열응력과 염색성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 사용된 폴리에스테르 필라멘트사는 경사가 50d/24f 스파크사이며 위사는 75d/72f semi-dull사이다. 평직물은 션틀직기, 주자직물은 water jet 직기로 제직하였으며, sizing dryer 온도는 $90^\circ{C}$, $125^\circ{C}$, $150^\circ{C}$, 수세공정의 습열처리 온도는 $90^\circ{C}$, $110^\circ{C}$, $120^\circ{C}$, 전처리 공정의 건열처리 온도는 $180^\circ{C}$, $200^\circ{C}$, $220^\circ{C}$, 마지막 세팅 공정의 건열처리 온도는 $170^\circ{C}$, $180^\circ{C}$, $200^\circ{C}$로 변화시켰다. 이들 습열과 건열처리 온도 변화에 따른 직물내의 필라멘트사의 열 수축률과 직물의 겉보기 염색성의 변화를 조사 분석하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.436-441
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• 1994

Chymotrypsin, trypsin, pancreatin, 그리고 Aspergillus oryzae 유래 단백질분해효소의 in vitro처리에 의하여 유청단백질(WPI)의 가수분해물(WPH)중 ${\alpha}-LA$ 유래의 항원성변화를 조사하기 위하여 토끼 항 ${\alpha}-LA$ 항혈청을 이용한 competitive inhibition ELISA(cELISA)와 heterologous PCA를 실시하였다. cELISA에 의하여 WPH의 monovalent항원성을 분석한 결과, pepsin전처리는 chymotrypsin, trypsin 그러고 pancreatin 가수분해물의 항원성을 더욱 감소시키는 효과가 있었으며, 열 전처리는 Asp. oryzae 유래효소 및 trypsin 가수분해물의 항원성을 더욱 감소시켰다 전체적으로 ${\alpha}-LA$유래의 monovalent 항원성은 효소처리에 의하여 $10^{-2.5}-10^{-5.5}$배 또는 그 이하로 저하되었으며, 특히 열 및 pepsin 전처리후 trypsin으로 가수분해한 경우(TDP)의 항원성은 거의 상실되었다. WPH의 가수분해도와 ${\alpha}-LA$유래의 monovalent 항원성 감소는 그다지 일치하지 않았다. Guinea pig를 이용한 PCA test에 의하여 ${\alpha}-LA$유래의 polyvalent 항원성을 분석한 결과 WPI 및 ${\alpha}-LA$는 양성으로 높게 나타났으나, WPH는 전처리유무에 관계없이 모두 음성으로 나타났다. 이는 WPI의 가수분해로 생성된 ${\alpha}-LA$유래의 peptide가 특이항체와 결합은 가능하나 생체내에서 알레르기를 유발하지 않음을 뜻하였다. 따라서, 유청단백질을 효소로 가수분해하면 유청단백질중 ${\alpha}-LA$의 allergenicity는 쉬 파괴됨을 알 수 있었다.