• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.137-165
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• 2021

Objectives :The Korean Medical concept Gak-Gi(脚氣) is understood as being identical to Beriberi and Vitamin B1 deficiency, without the necessary investigation that is required in such identification. Therefore this study aims to systematically compare these two concepts for thorough investigation. Methods : Research was carried out in two directions. First, the cause, symptoms, treatment principles of Gak-Gi(脚氣) in the medical texts were analyzed. Second, the process of the Beriberi theory development and its identification with Gak-Gi(脚氣), medical information on Beriberi, and the basis of various diseases that have been linked to Gak-Gi(脚氣) were studied. Results of the two directions were used to compare Gak-Gi(脚氣) and Beriberi. Results : Gak-Gi(脚氣) and Beriberi overlap in many aspects. However, unlike Beriberi which is understood as nutrient deficiency essentially, Gak-Gi(脚氣) can be caused by exterior pathogens such as wind toxin, while its different manifestations and treatment principles cannot be fully explained by nutrient deficiency. Conclusions : Gak-Gi(脚氣) could be understood as a type of syndrome in which causes and symptoms are connected, where symptoms start in the legs, moving upwards. It cannot be identified with Beriberi, which has been interpreted as a single disease.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

Objectives : In this paper, lung atrophy syndrome[肺痿] in 『Huangdineijin(黃帝內經)』 and 『Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略)』 were compared, followed by examining its relation with upper wasting thirst[上消]. Also, ways in which psychological factors that contribute to lung atrophy syndrome could cause upper wasting thirst were studied. Methods : Verses from 『金匱要略·肺痿肺癰咳嗽上氣病脈證治』 and 『素問·痿論』 were analyzed based on various annotators's opinions to determine the cause and mechanism of lung atrophy syndrome and its relationship with upper wasting thirst. Results : In 『Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略)』, lung atrophy syndrome is described as the heat of the upper body entering the lungs to dry it out. The description in 『Suwen(素問)』 differs in that it accompanies atrophy symptoms, but the mechanism is the same. Lung atrophy syndrome in 『Jinguiyaolue』 could come from wasting thirst, while wasting thirst can be accompanied in deficiency caused by chronic lung atrophy syndrome. Heat in the lungs is caused by psychological factors where the person has lost its subject of possession or was unable to attain what was desired. When expanded to include heart atrophy syndrome[心痿] and lung atrophy syndrome[肝痿], the reason for upper wasting thirst could include immense sadness or excessive indulgence in pleasure due to unmet desires. Conclusions : Although diabetes and wasting thirst are not identical, application of wasting thirst pattern differentiation to diabetes treatment and management could lead to tailored treatment of each patient. Moreover, the five zhang pattern differentiation from the 『Suwen(素問)』 could increase treatment efficacy when applied to conditions caused by stress and emotional disorder, which are increasingly playing larger roles in causing wasting thirst, or diabetes.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.105-121
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• 2022

Objectives: It is a statistical analysis study to examine the results of CaPSPI (Diagnostic System for Climacteric and Postmenopausal Syndrome Pattern Identification), developed for objective defecation of climacteric and postmenopausal syndrome. Methods: Total 341 people's questionnaire responses were statistically analyzed. 275 people involved in developing CaPSPI 2018 (E) and 146 people involved in 2019-2020 study of research1,3). Results: The frequency of diagnosis for examination was the highest at liver depression, 93.8% for 320 times, the lowest at heartheat, 62.8% for 214 times. The frequency of treatment for examination was the highest at liver depression, 54.3% for 185 times, and the lowest at dual deficiency of heart-spleen, 16.7% for 57 times. The diagnosis ratio was the lowest at dual deficiency of heart-spleen, 19.72%, and the highest at liver depression, 57.81%. As a result of comparing these diagnoses with the Kupperman's index, all showed significant differences. As a result of comparing these disease elements, all showed significant differences. The correlation between diagnosis and dialectic elements was found to have similar results with the korean medical pathology, and in 7 dialectics except for heartheat, the treatment version was more severe or progressing to perjury than for examination. Conclusions: The CaPSPI shows the characteristics of korean medicine well, and it is needed to utilize the high correlative disease elements to upgrade the system.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.9-20
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• 1995

I would like to state my own opinion on arthralgia syndrome(痺病) through the literatural studies. First of all, arthralgia symdrome(痺病) must be classified into six type basically, which are migratory arthralgia(痺病(行痺)), arthritis of heat type(濕痺), arthritis due to blood stasis(瘀血痺) and deficient rheumatism(虛痺), and then could be considered to try the compound names of arthralgia syndrome. These can come from according to the rise and decline of causes in wind(風), cold(寒), damp(濕), heat(熱), blood stasis(瘀血) and qi-blood(氣血). For example, it would be possible to apply the wind-dampness rheymatism(風濕痺) of damp-heat rheumatism(濕熱痺) in terminology of arthralgia syndrome(痺病). As rheumatoid arthritis(歷節風), rheumatoid arthritis like white tiger bite (白虎歷節風) and gout (痛風) not to mean the gout in western medicine have been announced a kind of arthralgia syndromes(痺病) by many doctors since Ming dynasty(明代) and proved it to be true, it is reasonabie not to try it any longer. And tingling and deficiency of sensation(廢木 不仁) is a symptome showing the decline of muscle power including mainly the abnormal sensation of skin, it would be recommended to be classified into fliaccidity syndrome(?痺). And then the names rheumatism invoiving lendon and ligament(筋痺), rheumatism involving blood vessels(脈痺), rheumatism involving muscle(肌痺), numbness of skin (皮痺) and rheumatism involving bone(骨痺), which have been used as the classification title with the season be received bad-qi(邪氣), must be classlfied to the location appearing aymptomes. Though obstruction of the liver-qi(肝痺), obstruction of the heart-qi(心痺), stagnation of the spleen-qi(脾痺), stagnation of the lung-qi(肺痺), stagnation of the kidney-qi(腎痺) and dysfunction of the bladder(胞痺) that used visceral and bladder name, that stated a kind of arthralgia syndrome(痺病), but it must be classified into a different diseases from arthragia syndrome.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.111-120
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• 2005

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of acupuncture stimulation on the relationship of change in magnetocardiography (MCG). Methods : For this purpose, 30 heart deficiency volunteers were acupunctured at Shinmun (HA7) and Naegwan (PC6) acupoint. Then, we measured and observed the change of frequency parameters in MCG. Results : In the mean frequency, during and after acupuncture treated groups of PC6 were decreased the activity of $f\;_{mean-max}$ compared to the control group. In the median frequency, during the acupuncture treated group of PC6 was decreased the activity of $f\;_{median-max}$ compared to the control group. Conclusion : These results suggested that acupuncture stimulation plays an important role to the activities of MCG.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.740-747
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• 2006

This study was undertaken to clinically inspect the accuracy of DSOM-diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine, which were used for the object diagnosis of oriental medicine in the dept. of oriental OB&GY, oriental medical hospital of Dong-Eui University- about uterus myoma patients. We analyzed the prescription and consequence of diagnosis about 16 patients -who had uterus myoma, were treated more than one month, were improved in myoma size, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia- in the oriental medical hospital of Dong-Eui University from January to December 2004. The calculation consequence of disease mechanism was as follows. The stagnation of Ki(氣滯), liver(肝), heart.(心) was 10 patients 71.4%, some deficiency(虛證), wet syndrome(濕), cold syndrome(寒) was 9 patients 64.3%, blood stasis(血奈) was 8 patients 57.1%. The agreement of consequence about DSOM and diagnosis was 13 patients, 92.9%.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.630-636
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• 2002

After The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine, The text researches of pathologic change to the liver disease concluded the next, 1, The category of liver-disease(肝病) include the Symptoms of abnormality due to vital energy and blood motion, emotion and intention, muscular and reproductive function, and legions around descending liver channel. 2. In the theory that Liver-Yang energy(肝陽氣) is always overproducing, Liver-Yin blood(肝陰血) is always lacking, pathologic characteristics for liver disease is functional change of malfunction of the use of body(體用失調), So nourishing the liver and kidney is used for the principal aspects of a disease. regulating and calm the liver is used for the secondary aspects of a disease as the treatment plan, 3. If malfunctioning of the functions of dispersion and discharge(疏泄), Iiver-energy(肝氣) is becoming degected, So overproduct and overflow of ascent and exhalation of liver-yang(肝陽) is becoming blood are ascending following energy. complete usage of Yin-blood(陰血) is responsible for some kinds of mass formed by blood stasis in the early stage of pathogenesis of liver disease syndrome of the energy system as the progession of disease extravasated blood is forming. the pathologic characteristics is appeared loss of control of the vital energy and blood(體用失調) at the liver disease. 4. Sthenia-syndrome of liver(肝實證) and liver-heat syndrome(肝熱證) is appered that overproducing and overflow of dispersion(疏泄太過) and discharge is responsible for overfunctioning of liver disease or some kinds of heat syndrome such as liver fire(肝火), Sthenia of liver-yang(肝陽上亢), the syndromes of sthenic liver heat(肝實熱) are appered. deficiency of the liver(肝虛證) and cold syndrome of liver(肝寒證) is classified pathologic characteristics of cold and heat, deficiency and excess that regression of sensory, motor, mental due to lack of dispersion and discharge(疏泄不及), or intruding of the cold miasma, are degected. 5. The liver is close relation of physiologic function and internal organ such as spleen, stomach, lung, heart, kidney, gall bladder by the meridian channels, because of property of wind Zang, rapid progession is classified by phthologic charateristics.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.169-178
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• 2001

After initial recovery from acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication, some patients occasionally undergo severe neuropsychiatric deterioration, which is called postanoxic delayed encephalopathy (sequelae). This is the clinical report about one patient, a 73-year-old man, diagnosed with delayed encephalopathy after acute CO intoxication. The symptoms of the patient were mental dysfunction including memory impairment and disorientation, abnormal behavior, incontinence and mutism. He had completely recovered after an aonxic episode, but the neurological symptoms that developed were preceded by an interval of apparent normality (the 'lucid interval'). We characterized him as suffering deficiency syndrome of the heart and prescribed for him Bokreongbosim-tang and Guipi-tang, and thereafter his symptoms were remarkably improved. For the evaluation of clinical improvement, we use the Modified Barthel Index (MBI), Canadian Neurologic Scale (CNS), and the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE)

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1988.08a
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• pp.70-76
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• 1988

Since ancient times, records pertaining to chi-reinforecenent of ginseng have been documented in books of Chinese nedicine. We, therefore, assessed the therapeutic effects of ginseng on patients with chi-deficiency syndrome. Eigheen cases of chi-deficiency, screened at the outpatient service in the internal department of Chinse medicine at the China Medical College Hospital. were prescribed two grams of Korean red ginseng powder three times daily for a two week period. For evaluation, a questionnaire and diagnosis by sphygmography were conducted prior to and after administration of the prescription. For control purposes, fourteen volunteers fasted for more than five days (seven had access only to ginseng. and the other seven were given only mineral water) and were subsequently evaluated by the same criteria. Three results were obtained for the ginseng treated group: (1) improvements in symptoms of chi-deficiency such as fatigue and dizziness; (2) changes in pulse waves with time domains showing alternate P-waves, strengthened dicrotic waves, and some minute waves in the end-diastolic period; (3) frequency domains with enhanced amplitudes around 12Hz. These three findings, which are consistent with each other, suggest the reinforcement of the effect of ginseng on 'heart-spleen chi' in Chinese medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.251-270
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• 1995

In the Literatual Study on the Dysphonia, the results were as follows. 1. The causes of dysphonia are exogenous pathogenic factors,(specially cold evil)internal damage and meridian in The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Interal Medicine, since then endogenous pathogenic factors are lung-asthenia and deficiency of lung-yin etc. The main causes are disease caused by exogenous evils, general body weakness, emotional stimulation and excess of high voice rescently. 2. The pathogenesis of dysphonia originated from two factors; The first internal damages are consumption of body fluid with the formation of dryness evil resulting from the insufficienty of lung-yin and lung-collaterals damaged by heat-evil caused by deficiency of lung and kidney-yin. The second disease caused by exogenous evils is sluggishness of lung-energy caused by exogenous pathogenic factors. 3. The main relative organ are heart, lung and kidney etc. 4. The prescriptions of wind-cold symptoms are Samyoutang(三拗湯) and Hangsosan(杏蘇散), in the prescriptions of phlegm-heat symptom is Chenginyongphetang(淸咽寧肺湯), in the prescriptions of depressive syndrome due to disorder of vital energy are Sogangkitang(小降氣湯) and Shihochenggantang(柴胡淸肝湯加減), in the prescriptions of consumption of body fluid with the formation of dryness evil resulting from the insufficiency of lung-yin symptoms are Sanghangtang(桑杏湯) and Chenginguphetang(淸咽救肺湯, in the prescriptions of deficiency of lung and kidney-yin are Baekhabgokumtang(百合固金湯) and Maekmigiwhangtang(麥味地黃湯). 5. The treatment of acupunctures are used by LI-4(合谷), H-7(湧泉), Liv-3(太衝), K-3(太谿), Sp-6(三陰交), H-5(通里), GV-15(아門), CV-23(廉泉), S-40(農隆), K-6(照海), L-7(列缺), S-36(足三里) etc.