• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.1171-1179
• /
• 2018

Purpose. The purpose of the project is to provide basic data to help middle aged women manage their health by identifying their relationships with Climacteric and depression patients and studying ways to properly overcome the changes in the Climacteric Methods. After distributing the questionnaire to women who were approved for middle-aged women in one region from April 14, 2017 to May 1, 2017 a total of 138 sections were collected and 130 copies were used as research and analysis data, excluding eight inappropriate ones Results. The average score for Climacteric was 1.53 out of 2 points on average for Climateric symptoms, and depression was 10.74 out of 60 points. There were three analysis of Climacteric symptoms: physical symptoms, mental symptoms, and sexuality, and a large number of symptoms were reported as physical symptoms with 1.56 points Conclusions. A program of measures to reduce depression in middle-aged women requires active social attention and support to alleviate menopausal symptoms, and further research is needed to determine the relationship between these concerns and support for depression.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.57 no.2
• /
• pp.201-211
• /
• 2019

This study examines the effects of chronic disease/disability and stress from health on depressive symptoms among one-person households living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in Korea. This study also investigates the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between 1)having a chronic disease/disability and depressive symptoms as well as 2)stress from health and depressive symptoms. This study used data from an online survey targeting one-person households living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The final sample included 499 one-person households. Using a multiple regression analysis with SPSS 20.0, results showed that having a chronic disease/disability was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms. In addition, stress from health was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms. In regard to the roles of social support, economic support and emotional support had a direct negative effect on depressive symptoms. Emotional support had a moderating effect on the relationship between having a chronic disease/disability and depressive symptoms. In addition, emotional support also had a moderating effect on the relationship between stress from health and depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, this study suggests that policy makers should reduce the economic burden from a chronic disease/disability and help one-person households to strengthen their social support network.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.52-62
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms and coping strategies on the health-related quality of life in elementary and secondary schools female teachers. Methods: 140 female teachers in C province were recruited using a correlational study design. The measurements used were the PMS symptoms scale, the PMS coping scale and the Korean version of health-related quality of life scale. Results: The higher quality of life were predicted by the lower PMS symptoms, the higher PMS coping, the better the quality of sleep, the lower the job and life stress, and the lower work disturbance due to the PMS symptoms. These variables explained 53% of the total variance. Conclusions: For better female teachers' health-related quality of life, health care programs for managing the PMS symptoms need to be developed by considering those identified variables. For health education practice, school health teachers need to distribute health educational materials for female teachers and to provide small-group health counselling services for PMS self care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.414-429
• /
• 1990

Numerous research reports have substantiated the role of stressful life events in relation to the onset of health changes. The relationship tends to hold across different age groups. Theoretically, adolescence has been considered a developmental crisis period of great stress, impoverished coping skills and high vulnerability to biological, social and psychological demands. The research problem addressed by this study was to examine the relationships between stressful life events and health symptom patterns, and the effect of two variables, coping and social, support, theoretically considered to mediate the relationship between stress and health symptoms in adolescents. The following five hypotheses were tested in this research : 1. Health symptoms are positively related to stressful life events in adolescents, 2. Health symptoms are negatively related to coping in adolescents, 3. Health symptoms are negatively related to social support in adolescents, 4. When coping is controlled, the relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events will decrease, and 5. When social support is controlled, the relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events will increase. The study subjects consisted of 1090 high school students of the metropolitan city of Seoul. The following sampling procedure was used : 1. Of the 169 high schools in nine school administrative districts in the city, a proportional sample of ten schools was selected. 2. One class from each of the freshman and sophomore was randomly selected and all the students who were in the sampled class were used as the study sample. The study was limited to freshman and sophomore adolescents, aged 15 to 18(mean＝16.6). Of the 1090 subjects 688(63%) were boys and 402(37%) were girls. An Adolescent Inventory of Stressful Life Events, a Health Symptom Questionnaire and an Adolescent Coping Inventory were adapted for this study. The Norbeck Social Support questionnaire was utilized to collect the data on perceived social support. Five high school teachers in the areas of school health and counselling reviewed the items of each questionnaire for content validity. A pilot study was undertaken to ascertain reliability. Fifty three high school students responded to the questionnaires and gave their opinions on the items. For stressful life events, health symptoms, coping, and social support, the Cronbach's alpha's on the study were .70, .94, .77, and .76, respectively. Research assistants attended all the sampled classes with the school proctor to explain the purpose and procedures of the study to the students. The questionnaires along with a ballpoint pen were distributed to the students who were asked to complete each item. The research assistants left the ballpoint pen with the students as a gift for their cooperation. An average of 50 minutes was required to complete the questionnaires. Using an SPSS, the first, three hypotheses were tested using Gamma, a measure of association for ordinal variables. Partial gamma was used to test the fourth and fifth hypotheses. Patterns of elaboration described by Babbie were selected to interpret the relationship of the three variable analyses. The significance of gamma was determined by Chisquare at a .05 level of significance. There was a positive relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events(Gamma＝.35, p＝.000). Thus the first hypothesis was supported. Unexpectedly, coping was positively related with health symptoms(Gamma＝.13, p＝.000). That is, the higher the coping levels, the greater number of health problems. The third hypothesis, the higher the level of social support, the fewer the health symptoms, was not accepted in this adolescent study group. When coping was controlled, under the condition of low coping the association between health symptoms and stressful life events increased significantly to a partial gamma of .39, and under the condition of high coping it was .30. According to the elaboration model, when one partial relationship is the same or greater than the original and the other is smaller, the control variable should be considered to be specifying the conditions. When social support was controlled the relationship between stressful life events and health symptoms increased under the condition of low social support, but with high social support, the relationship decreased. Both partial gamma were statistically significant at .05 level(.43 and .26 relatively). It can be interpreted that stressful life events are strongly and positively related to health symptoms under the condition of low social support, however this relationship can not be expected with high social support. Thus, the last two hypotheses were conditionally sustained. In this study, the relationships between stressful life events and health symptoms, and the specified me diating roles of coping and social support were found to have statistical interaction. This finding supports the theoretical position of this study. It suggests that stressful life events would create high susceptability to biological social and psychological health symptoms and coping and social support buffering the relationship between stressful life events and health symptom. The findings of this study have implications for nursing practice. When adolescents are confronted with non-developmental life events that are perceived as stressful, nurses should recognize the evidence of the stress-buffering effect of coping and social support on health symptoms and utilize the diverse sources of social support that are readily available to adolescents.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.352-359
• /
• 2024

Background: Organizational downsizing may be significantly linked to depressive symptoms, yet research on this impact in Asian contexts is limited. This study investigates the association between downsizing during the COVID-19 pandemic and depressive symptoms across diverse employment statuses. Methods: This study used the data from 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Depressive symptoms were measured using WHO-5 well-being index with a cut-off of 50. Downsizing was defined as decrease in the number of employees during last three years. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for socio-demographic and occupational factors was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for depressive symptoms associated with downsizing, including subgroup analyses. Results: Among 26,247 Korean workers (mean age: 43.4, men: 47.5%), the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.5% (n = 7,751), and the proportion of downsizing was 15.2% (n = 3,978). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher among the downsizing group (36.7%, n = 1,460) than among the no-downsizing group (28.3%, n = 6,291). The result of logistic regression revealed a significant association between downsizing and depressive symptoms (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 1.39 [1.29-1.50]), particularly pronounced among high socioeconomic status workers. Conclusion: This study underscores the significant association between depressive symptoms and organizational downsizing, especially high vulnerability of socioeconomically advantaged and stable workers. These findings highlight the necessity for targeted mental health support and further longitudinal research to clarify the relationship between employment changes and mental health within the Korean workforce.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.128-135
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between intake of food unconformable to each Sasang constitution and the recognition of irregular symptoms of health condition. The study subjects, 362 university students nationwide, were classified according to their Sasang constitution. Regarding the correlation between intake of constitutionally unconformable food and health recognition, the Soeum type showed a positive correlation between unconformable food intake and multiple subjective symptoms. According to the detailed food type, the Soyang type showed a positive correlation between chicken intake and the symptoms of eyes and skin, and between pepper intake and multiple subjective symptoms. The Soeum type showed a negative correlation between mackerel intake and the symptoms of mouth and anus. A negative correlation was observed between mung-bean intake and multiple subjective symptoms, and this tendency persisted in the correlations between nonglutinous millet intake and multiple subjective symptoms, between wheat powder intake and multiple subjective symptoms, and not only the symptoms of the respiratory system but also eyes and skin. Positive correlations were found between banana intake and multiple subjective symptoms, and between mile intake and the symptoms of the respiratory system. However, the Taeum type didn't display any significant correlation with any food type.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.370-378
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine current status of somatic symptoms of late school-aged children using the school health clinic and to investigate the influence of perceived attachment security and social support on their somatic symptoms. Methods: For this descriptive study, self-report questionnaires were completed by fifth and sixth graders attending 'A' elementary school in Gyeonggi-do. Data from 216 students were included. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Most frequent somatic symptoms were headache, fainting, backache, numbness in a body part, and muscle ache in that order. More frequent somatic symptoms were reported by girls, students who recognized their family SES as low, students who used school health clinic often and students who were dissatisfied with school life. Somatic symptom showed negative correlations with attachment stability and perceived social support from family and teachers. In the regression analysis, the variables; low attachment stability, female gender, and low satisfaction with school affected more frequent somatic symptoms. Conclusion: Careful monitoring of late school-aged children expressing frequent somatic symptoms is required. Intervention programs to improve attachment security and satisfaction with school should be developed for school children, especially girls, presenting with somatic symptoms.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.66-70
• /
• 2023

Background: Online teaching and learning extend the duration of using gadgets such as mobile phones and tablets. A prolonged usage of these gadgets in a static position can lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Therefore, this study aims to identify the risk factors related to musculoskeletal symptoms while using gadgets during work from home due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional survey with online-based questionnaires was collected from the University of Indonesia, consisting of lecturers, students, and managerial staff. The minimum number of respondents was 1,080 and was defined by stratified random sampling. Furthermore, the dependent variable was musculoskeletal symptoms, while the independent were age, gender, job position, duration, activity when using gadgets, and how to hold them. Result: Most of the respondents had mobile phones but only 16% had tablets. Furthermore, about 56.7% have used a mobile phone for more than 10 years, while about 89.7% have used a tablet for less than 10 years. A multivariate analysis found factors that were significantly associated with MSD symptoms while using a mobile phone, such as age, gender, web browsing activity, work, or college activities. These activities include doing assignments and holding the phone with two hands with two thumbs actively operating. The factors that were significantly associated with MSD symptoms when using tablets were gender, academic position, social media activity, and placing the tablet on a table with two actively working index fingers. Conclusion: Therefore, from the results of this study it is necessary to have WFH and e-learning policies to reduce MSD symptoms and enhance productivity at work.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.229-238
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of physical health on oral health in university staff and the mediating effect of stress on their relationship. As for the research method, a questionnaire survey was conducted from June 15 to June 30, 2021 for some university staff in the Seoul area. As research tools, general characteristics, somatic symptoms, oral symptoms, and perceived stress were investigated. For the analysis method, Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between physical symptoms, stress, and oral symptoms, and regression analysis was used to verify the mediating effect. As a result, somatic symptoms, stress, and oral symptoms all showed a positive correlation. Also, somatic symptoms were found to have an effect on oral symptoms, and stress had a partially mediating effect on the relationship between somatic symptoms and oral symptoms: somatic symptoms directly affect oral symptoms, and stress directly and indirectly affects oral symptoms. In conclusion, institutional measures are needed to reduce the work stress of the university staff, and regular oral health education to promote oral health should be expanded.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.338-344
• /
• 2024

Background: Sickness presenteeism (SP) has gained attention in occupational health. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between SP and depressive symptoms by occupation and employment type during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. Methods: Community Health Survey data (August 16 to October 31, 2020-2021) were used to assess depressive symptoms and SP among workers (n = 221,241; mean age 46.0; 53.5% male). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and SP was defined by the ability to rest at home when exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms were estimated using multiple logistic regression analyses for each sex and year stratum. The interaction between SP and occupation on depressive symptoms was assessed using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher in individuals with SP than in those without SP (4.22% [n = 696] vs. 1.89% [n = 3861], respectively). After adjusting for demographic and occupational variables, the association between SP and depressive symptoms was significant in both sexes in 2020 and 2021 (OR [95% CI]: 2.18 [1.82-2.62], 2.41 [1.97-2.93], 2.05 [1.77-2.38], 2.47 [2.11-2.88] for male-2020, male-2021, female-2020, and female-2021, respectively). A marginally significant interaction between service workers and SP on depressive symptoms was observed among male workers in 2021 (RERI = 2.37, 95% CI = [-0.04-4.78]) but not in other strata. Conclusion: SP is significantly associated with depressive symptoms in Korean workers across employment and occupational types, with a prominent association in service workers.