• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2003

The Process Safety Management (PSM) by the Law of Industry, Safety and Health has been performed for preventing major accidents of chemical plants since 1996. In terms of preventing chemical accidents more precisely, it is essential to develop a tool for quantitative risk assessment. For this, KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency) developed an Integrated Risk Management System (IRMS). The system is designed to assimilate data on chemical plant hazards from external database, to integrate these data with location information(topographic and demographic), and to make them user-friendly accessible. The system consists of several main functions: display of five major Korean petrochemical complex layout display of equipment layout with its information utilizing the external database, zonation of the hazard effected area with consequence analyses, the most probable accident scenario generation, accident/incident database and calculation of frequency of accident using equipment reliability database, etc. The highlight of IRMS is to provide the risk contours using GIS(Geographical Information System) technology. IRMS is intended to manage hazardous installation more systematically and effectively, to reduce the number of accident remarkably, further minimizing production loss in the plant. The system is now under application to about 500 PSM sites as well as and emergency authorities in Korea by KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency)

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-41
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of the work is to develop a system that allows processing of information for analysis and industrial risk management, to monitor the level of industrial safety and to perform necessary measures aimed at the prevention of accidents, casualties, and development of professional diseases for effective management of industrial safety at hazardous industrial sites. Methods: Risk assessment of accidents and incidents is based on expert evaluations. Based on the lists of criteria parameters and their possible values, provided by the experts, a unified information and analytical database is compiled, which is included in the final interrogation questionnaires. Risk assessment of industrial injuries and occupational diseases is based on statistical methods. Results: The result of the research is the creation of Guidelines for risk management on hazardous industrial sites of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The Guidelines determine the directions and methods of complex assessment of the state of industrial safety and labor protection and they could be applied as methodological basis at the development of preventive measures for emergencies, casualties, and incidents at hazardous industrial sites. Conclusion: Implementation of the information-analytical system of risk level assessment allows to analyze the state of risk of a possible accident at industrial sites, make valid management decisions aimed at the prevention of emergencies, and monitor the effectiveness of accident prevention measures.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.91-101
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• 2007

The new chemicals are developed and circulated without the verified toxicity data. So, the accidents and occupational diseases, such as explosion, fire, suffocation about deadly poisons etc. are frequently to workers. Classifications of chemicals suited with guideline and an offer of correct chemical information data are the molt important thing for the establishment of suitable chemical management system. The GHS (Globally Harmonized System of classification and labeling of chemicals) is based with the chemical classifications and unification plan. The warning symbol and phrases are established for improvements of chemical information data system. According to these unified and improved systematic form of data, and the chemical information data, the workplaces will be presented many chemical safety and risk data correctly. In this paper, we will present constructions and accomplishment contents-based chemical management of workplace through development of chemical information data and the nice using for new chemical investigation and risk assessment of chemicals in workplaces.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2011

폐석면 광산의 위해성 평가는 통상 ABS 방식에 의해 이루어지지만, 조사지역 전반에 관한 위해성 경향을 파악하는 데 그치는 한계를 지닌다. 이 연구에서는 새로운 평가방식으로 잠재적 위해지수(PIHR)라는 개념을 도입하여 석면 위해도를 계랑화하였다. PIHR 값에 대해 석면이 인체에 위해를 주는 요인들을 고려하여 적절한 가중치를 부여한 후, 토양 내 석면 농도 값을 적용하여 지리정보시스템(GIS)의 적지선정기법을 활용하여 위해성 평가를 실시하였다. 충청남도 보령시에 위치한 어느 폐석면 광산에 적용한 결과, 잠재적 위해 지수가 매우 높은 지역은 전체 면적의 7.8%에 해당되는 27.3 ha이며, 위해성 평가는 미국 환경보호청의 종합위해정보시스템(IRIS) 모델을 적용하여 각각 만 명당 1명(석면농도 0.36% 이상), 3만 명당 1명(석면농도 0.1% 이상), 10만 명당 1명(석면농도 0.04% 이상) 평생초과 발암 위험도 기준으로 관리할 경우 3.0, 12.9, 19.5 ha로 면적이 증가한다. 이러한 결과는 향후 광해 복원범위 선정에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2013

모든 u-헬스케어 시스템은 보안 취약점을 가지고 있다. 이 취약점은 로컬(local) 또는 네트워크(network) 상에서 잠재적인 위험이 된다. 의료정보 기술의 Smart 환경, Ad-hoc networking, 무선통신 환경은, u-헬스케어 보안 취약성을 증가시키는 주요 요인이다. u-헬스케어 의료정보시스템 도메인은 사용자단말 구간, 공중통신망 인프라구간, 네트워킹구간, 인트라넷구간으로 구분된다. 의료정보시스템 도메인별을 구분하여 취약점을 평가하는 이유는 도메인별로 취약점에 대한 대처방법이 다르기 때문이다. u-헬스케어시스템 5단계의 보안위험도 평가체계는 도메인별 보안취약성 진단체계를 설계하여 보안대책을 강구하기 위해 필요하다. 제안하는 모델을 사용할 경우 현재까지 막연하게 진행 되어온 USN 기반 의료정보네트워크 보안취약성 진단대책을 좀 더 체계적으로 수행할 수 있는 모형을 제공한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2021

Background: This study analyzed the effect of applying the diagnosis-related group (DRG)-based payment system, which was implemented in July 2012 for hospitals and clinics nationwide, on the cesarean section rate. Methods: The subjects of the study were divided into new groups that participated in the payment system after July 2012 and maintenance groups that participated in the payment system before July 2012. As an analysis method, a difference-in-difference analysis, which is a quasi-experimental design, was used. The risk-adjusted cesarean section rate was used as a dependent variable. Results: Seven risk factors (malpresentation of fetus, eclampsia, multiple pregnancies, problems in the placenta, previous Cesarean section, cephalopelvic disproportion, problems in amniotic fluid) were included in the final risk-adjustment model, and found to have a statistically significant relationship with the cesarean section rate. Results showed that the risk-adjusted cesarean section rate increased significantly in new groups after the application of the DRG-based payment system. Conclusion: Study results provided policy implications for the reorganization of the DRG-based system should that reflects the demands of obstetricians, such as organizing a consultative body with obstetricians and establishing a reasonable fee.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.107-121
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• 1996

The objective of this study is to establish the application method of environmental information system which is related to hazard identification for Health Risk Assessment. For establishing the environmental information system, fourteen hazardous chemicals were chosen and applicated to the database network such as RTKNET(Right Know Net), MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheets), TRI(Toxic Release Inventory), IRIS, AIRS, etc. The searching method of environmental information is classified to three sections such as the domestic commercial information company, international database agencies, and internet. Recently the importance of environmental information is being emphasized because it is essential 10 use database system in the field of environmental studies. Most of the foreign research organizations are communicating actively for information exchange, and the improvement of the quality of research. It is required to accumulate the data and develop them to database for future research.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2010

A reduction in risk of occupational exposure to chemical hazards within the workplace has been the focus of attention both through industry initiatives and legislation. The aims of this study were to develop an exposure matrix by industry and process, and to apply this matrix to control the risk of occupational exposure to Dichloromethane (DCM). The exposure matrix is a tool to convert information on industry and process into information on occupational risk. The exposure matrix comprised industries and processes involving DCM, based on an exposure database provided by KOSHA (the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency), which was gathered from a workplace hazards evaluation program in Korea. The risk assessment of the exposure matrix was performed using Hallmark risk assessment tool. The results of the risk assessment were indicated by a Danger Value (DV) calculated from the combination of hazard rating (HR), duration of use rating (DUR), and risk probability rating (RPR) of exposure to the chemical, and were divided into four control bands which were related to control measures. The applicability of the risk assessment of the exposure matrix was evaluated by a field study, and survey of the employees of the exposure matrix groups. Among 45 industries examined, this study found that greater attention should be paid to two industries: the manufacture of other optical instruments and photographic equipment, and the manufacture of printing ink, and to one process among 47 examined, the packing process in the manufacture of printing ink, because these were regarded as carrying the highest risk. This tool of a risk assessment for the exposure matrix can be applied as a general exposure information system for hazard control, risk quantification, setting the occupational exposure limit, and hazard surveillance. The exposure matrix includes workforce data, and it provides information on the numbers of exposed workers in Korea by agent, occupation, and level of exposure and risk.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2018

Background: Psychosocial risk management [Psychosocial Risk Management Approach (PRIMA)] has, through the years, been applied in several organizations in various industries and countries globally. PRIMA principles have also been translated into international frameworks, such as PRIMA-EF (European framework) and the World Health Organization Healthy Workplace Framework. Over the past 10 years, an oil and gas company has put efforts into adopting and implementing international frameworks and standards for psychosocial risk management. More specifically, the company uses a PRIMA. Methods: This study explores available quantitative and qualitative risk data collected through the PRIMA method over the past 8 years in order to explore specific and common psychosocial risks in the petroleum industry. Results: The analyses showed a significant correlation between job resources and symptoms of work-related stress, there was a significant correlation between job demands and symptoms of work-related stress, and there were differences in psychosocial risk factors and symptoms of work-related stress onshore and offshore. The study also offers recommendations on how the results can further be utilized in building a robust system for managing psychosocial risks in the industry. Conclusion: The results from the analyses have provided meaningful and important information about the company-specific psychosocial risk factors and their impact on health and well-being.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.719-722
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• 2016

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious health problem in Thailand, particularly in northeastern and northern regions, but epidemiological studies are scarce and the spatial distribution of CCA remains to be determined. A database for the population at risk is required for monitoring, surveillance and organization of home health care. This study aim was to geo-visually display the distribution of CCA in northeast Thailand, using a geographic information system and Google Earth. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 9 sub-districts and 133 villages in Chum Phuang district, Nakhon Ratchasima province during June and October 2015. Data on demography, and the population at risk for CCA were combined with the points of villages, sub-district boundaries, district boundaries, and points of hospitals in districts, then fed into a geographical information system. After the conversion, all of the data were imported into Google Earth for geo-visualization. Results: A total of 11,960 from 83,096 population were included in this study. Females and male were 52.5%, and 47.8%, the age group 41-50 years old 33.3%. Individual risk for CCA was identifed and classified by using the Korat CCA verbal screening test as low (92.8%), followed by high risk (6.74%), and no (0.49%), respectively. Gender ($X^2$-test=1143.63, p-value= 0.001), age group ($X^2$-test==211.36, p-value=0.0001), and sub-district ($X^2$-test=1471.858, p-value=0.0001) were significantly associated with CCA risk. Spatial distribution of the population at risk for CCA in Chum Phuang district was viewed with Google Earth. Geo-visual display followed Layer 1: District, Layer 2: Sub-district, Layer 3: Number of low risk in village, Layer 4: Number of high risk in village, and Layer 5: Hospital in Chum Phuang District and their related catchment areas. Conclusions: We present the first risk geo-visual display of CCA in this rural community, which is important for spatial targeting of control efforts. Risk appears to be strongly associated with gender, age group, and sub-district. Therefor, spatial distribution is suitable for the use in the further monitoring, surveillance, and home health care for CCA.