• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The research was performed to distinguish the group of users of the health promotion programs in health care center, to identify the characteristics of this group, and to investigate the factors that have influence on the use of the health programs. The specific research purposes are: First, to compare the group which uses the health promotion program of health care center and that which does not. Second, to analyze the factors that have influence on the use of the health promotion program. Method: This study was done from November 15th 2006 and March 30th 2007. The study subjects were Seoul and Provinces. Seoul was divided into 4 areas of eastern western, northern, and southern area. Provinces were Gimchon, Gumi and Sosan. From each area, one health care center was chosen from the ones that wanted to participate. Total number of observations was 994. The survey questionnaire consisted of individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, policy factors based on socio-ecological model. The analysis method was logistic regression. Results: Odds ratios of individual factors is sex(1.39), age(1.05), marriage status(1.71) severity(1.20). Odds ratios of interpersonal factors is use and support of family(1.96), use and support of resource persons like friends and neighbor(4.58). Odds ratios of organizational factors is the comfortness of space(0.74), the satisfaction of health care center facility(1.40), kindness of employ(1.97). Odds ratios of community factors is health care center program recognition(1.70). Odds ratios of policy factors is advertisement(4.69) and expense(1.42). Conclusion: Socio-ecological model of health promotion in health care center is obtained based on five factors and health planners should consider these determinants of health promotion program in health care center and develop intervention methods.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2007

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.272-283
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to delineate the relationship between lifestyle and nutritional risk factors associated with hypertension in representative middle-aged Korean population. Hypertension in this study is defined as hypertensive ($SBP{\geq}140mmHg\;or\;DBP{\geq}90mmHg$) adults without recognition of a disease state before a health exam. With data from the 1998 and 2001 National Health and Nutritional Survey, nutrient intakes of 6,112 adults, 40-64 years of age were calculated using food composition database and matched with health examination records by individual ID. After excluding those with extreme intake values, the number of final subjects included in the analysis was 5,200 (male 2,458, female 2,742). Using logistic regression method, socio-demographic data, lifestyle factors, and nutrient intakes were analyzed. Risky factors for hypertension revealed in this study were age, sex, BMI over 23, waist circumference, alcohol intake of more than 16g (male) or 8g (female). Regarding nutrient intakes, the intakes of highest quartile for energy (${\geq}2363.0kcal$) and protein (${\geq}90.2g$) were significantly associated with higher risk of hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, and other socio-demographic factors (OR=1.312(1.046-1.711), OR=1.488(1.194-1.854), respectively)). Although high intakes of sodium (${\geq}6604.0mg$) and phosphorus seemed to be risk factors of hypertension also before energy adjustment (OR=1.278(1.034-1.581), OR=1.280(1.024-1.600), respectively), only high intakes of energy and protein remained significant after adjustment. This study revealed that modifying risky lifestyles and dietary patterns, especially high energy intake, high protein intake, and high alcohol drinking, in middle-aged Korean adults could result in a prevalence decrease and/or prevention of hypertension.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.577-590
• /
• 2000

This study is basic research for developing health promotion programs in elementary school and is looking at the effect factor of School nurses perception and school health promotion. This study was conducted with the ACCESS model for school health promotion from WHO. The subjects of this study were 28 elementary school nurses located in the west side of Kung-Nam from the 7th of June to the 30th of June by direct interview. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. the score from obesity, dental caries, health counselling, scoliosis, hepatitis B, immunization BCG items are higher in the low grade but showed significant difference in visual disturbance items. 2. the average score of school health promotion perception is 5.04. The list of school health promotion is composed of school health policies(5.39), physical environments (5.38), school health services(5.34), social environments (5.22), personal health skills (4.92), and community relationships(4.64). 3. after an analysis of the perception of school health promotion from school nurses, the relationship between the school health budget and the school health policy and school health service was shown to be significant. 4. after analysis of the effect factor of perception of school health promotion from school nurses, school health policy, school social environment, personal health skills, and school health service were shown to be significant. 5. The factors in school health promotion are the number of classes and students, school budgets, school nurses' final education and age, health education classes per week, and teaching experience. Particularly the school health budget and school nurses of the classes per week are statistically significant. The suggestions of this study are as follows: 1, as a related factor of school health promotion. the generally characteristics of schools and school nurses should be considered for improving the perception of school health promotion. 2, the period of health education for effective school health management and health education should be an on-going program. 3. the scope of school health promotion and perception should be considered for developing health promotion programs. 4. elementary school health promotion programs should be developed and applied to research. 5. computer system programs should be developed for effective school health projects.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.99-111
• /
• 2011

Objectives: This study aims at evaluating performance of the Healthy Cities in Korea during the period of 2008-2010. Furthermore, it will explore future direction for qualitative growth of the Healthy Cities in Korea. Methods: A survey has been conducted annually with current healthy cities; 46 in 2009, 56 in 2010 and 60 in 2011. Survey instrument consists of 13 questions to evaluate general status, implementation system and sub-programs, and the result of the survey was analyzed by using PASW Statistic 18.0 focusing on categorizing healthy cities and looking at sub-programs trends. Results: In 2010, there are 60 Healthy Cities in Korea, whose number grows continuously. The most noticeable characteristic is that administrative bodies in urban area strongly promote the Healthy Cities Project, while the projects are usually associated with other health promotion projects rather than independently carried out. Also, their sub-programs are concentrated on 'healthy-setting' and 'healthy lifestyle programs'. Conclusions: To improve the quality of the Healthy Cities in Korea, a number of requirements should be met. The most urgent requirement is sector-wide comprehensive policy fostering Healthy Cities development strategy. Moreover, it is expected that over-arching theme should be set up under the framework of National Healthy Cities Network.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.92-100
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of improvement in self-rated health, self-efficacy, perceived benefit and health promotion behavior by running a health promotion program through the coalition of industries, universities and districts. Methods: This study was designed as non-equivalent control group research. Data were collected from 62 participants in a health promotion program who were enrolled in a community center (experimental group: 29, control group: 33). The program was applied from October to November, 2008. The health promotion program was composed of value, competence, action, and policy based on a multi-level health promotion model. Collected data were analyzed through $x^2$ test, t-test, and Wilcoxon test. Results: After participating in the health promotion program, the experiment group showed statistically significant increases in self-efficacy, perceived benefit and health promotion behavior but not in self-rated health. Conclusion: It was proven that the health promotion program enhanced the health promotion level in the community.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.210-223
• /
• 2013

Backgrounds: Escalating pharmaceutical expenditure has threatened the sustainability of National Health Insurance system in Korea. Generic medicines allow patients to access safe, effective, high-quality medicines at low cost, thus insurers could achieve significant financial savings by promotion of generics, if they are priced much lower than the originator. The purpose of this study was to review generic pricing as well as promotion policies in other countries and assess the implication of those policies. Methods: We reviewed the main measures adopted by the developed countries such as Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom, especially in countries where governments are the largest third-party payers or insurance finance resource is the national health insurance. Results: The foreign countries's experience with generic medicine policy shows that demand-side policies such as physician budgets, international nonproprietary name prescribing, generics substitution, patients co-payment as well as supply-side policies relating to pricing and reimbursement seems to play a critical role in developing the generic medicines market. Conclusion: Various strategy should be implemented to promote generic drug use.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.268-276
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study is to estimate total sugar intake and identify major food sources of total sugar intake in the diet of the Korean population. Methods: Dietary intake data of 33,745 subjects aged one year and over from the KNHANES 2008-2011 were used in the analysis. Information on dietary intake was obtained by one day 24-hour recall method in KNHANES. A database for total sugar content of foods reported in the KNHANES was established using Release 25 of the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, a total sugar database from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, and information from nutrition labeling of processed foods. With this database, total sugar intake of each subject was estimated from dietary intake data using SAS. Results: Mean total sugar intake of Koreans was 61.4 g/person/day, corresponding to 12.8% of total daily energy intake. More than half of this amount (35.0 g/day, 7.1% of daily energy intake) was from processed foods. The top five processed food sources of total sugar intake for Koreans were granulated sugar, carbonated beverages, coffee, breads, and fruit and vegetable drinks. Compared to other age groups, total sugar intake of adolescents and young adults was much higher (12 to 18 yrs, 69.6 g/day and 19 to 29 yrs, 68.4 g/day) with higher beverage intake that beverage-driven sugar amounted up to 25% of total sugar intake. Conclusion: This study revealed that more elaborated and customized measures are needed for control of sugar intake of different subpopulation groups, even though current total sugar intake of Koreans was within the range (10-20% of daily energy intake) recommended by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans. In addition, development of a more reliable database on total sugar and added sugar content of foods commonly consumed by Koreans is warranted.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.166-179
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the situation of general hospital worker's health management and health promotion. Methods: To investigate the current situation of health management in the hospital, structured questionnaires were sent to 122 occupational health providers by post. About 79% hospitals returned questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test by SPSS 12.0 program. Results: A quarter hospitals responded set up separated health care office for workers, 87.5% provided health educations, and 56.5% operated health promotion projects. In the contents of health promotion program embraced both health behavior practice and disease prevention, musculoskeletal disease control, infection control, smoking cessation, and exercise program were most commonly provided to the workers in order. Occupational health care provider chose the item such as budget limitation, manager's apathy, lack of employee's participation, cooperation provider, and so on as the reason of difficulty to run health promotion program in the hospital setting. Conclusion: Hospital managers need to construct infra to manage and promote worker's health. For example, establishing Industrial safety and health committee in hospital and arranging nurses who being fully responsible to worker's health. And occupational health care provider should advertise health promotion projects both managers and workers actively.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.252-261
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the health status(present illness, ADL and IADL), health perception, and health promotion behaviors of low-income elderly who are receiving the visiting nurse service in the community. Method: The sample of the study was 735 elderly over 65years old with basic livelihood security, who were conveniently selected from 245 public health centers nation-wide. Data collection was done using a structured questionnaire through interviews by visiting nurses. Result: The average number of present illnesses in the study subjects was 4.18. The average scores of ADL and IADL were 15.903.39and 9.772.97 respectively, which indicates a relatively independent everyday life. However, $64.2\%$ of the subjects perceived their health status as 'not healthy'. In terms of health promotion behaviors, $77.8\%$ of the subjects had ceased smoking, $83.9\%$ stopped drinking, $56.4\%$ had a regular diet, $45.8\%$ received regular physical check-ups during the past two years, and $66\%$ received flu shots. Approximately $50\%$ of the subjects were practicing 3-4 health promotion behaviors. Significant factors associated with health promotion behaviors were ADL, IADL and self-efficacy. Conclusion: Health promotion programs which focus on regular diet, exercise, and regular physical check-ups should be developed to improve independence of everyday life and quality of life among low-income elderly.