• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.196-202
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• 2005

Recently, hospital architecture has acknowledged remedial value of environment and atmosphere, which consider patient's statement of physical, spiritual, psychological and social focus, escape from the past focus of functional and rational space composition. The many research of hospital architecture just analyze elements of architectural planing which focus how to make a healing environment for patients. The purpose of this study is to abstract the design principle of architectural space composition for healing environment significance, through case study which follow up space composition. To abstract healing environment significance by space composition, each case study hospitals should be analyzed and estimated on the spatial composition elements. It is to provide the basic data for effective architectural planning of the hospital.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.61-68
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• 2019

The analysis of outdoor and indoor spatial composition with natural elements is required for the creation of healing environment in healthcare facility to provide basic data for the planning of hospital architecture. Literature review of healing environment and investigation on characteristics of spatial composition in architectural works and healthcare facilities have been conducted. The spatial composition of outdoor space for refuge and prospect from indoor space of Seoul National University Hospital have been analyzed. The result of this research can be summarized as followed. First of all, the main natural elements for healing environment are consisted with refuge in outdoor space and prospect from indoor space. The second one is that natural elements in Seoul National University Hospital are located in central, posterior, and lateral area of main hospital and connectivity, integration, and ERAM(3) which the characteristics of outdoor spatial composition with space syntax are focused on the museum of medicine and landscape area in the center of hospital. The third one is that the outdoor refuge and prospect from indoor space in Seoul National University Hospital can be replaced with cultural heritage like the site of Kyungmogungji and Changgyeonggung palace in and next to the hospital. In addition to the outdoor and indoor spatial composition, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between elements to develop the healing environment of hospital architecture.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose: The analysis of spatial composition is required for the creation of healing environment in healthcare facilities. This study has been accomplished to provide basic data for the planning and design of hospital architecture. Methods: Literature review of healing environment and investigation on characteristics of spatial composition in healthcare facilities have been conducted. The architectural plans of four Sou Fujimoto's healthcare projects have been analyzed with space syntax. Results: The result of this research can be summarized as followed. First of all, the healing environments are consisted with architectural composition in addition to physical and psychological factors for healing environment. The second one is that the characteristics of spatial composition in Sou Fujimoto's healthcare projects are different private/public/corridor relationships in program configuration, loop or one direction circulation, combined or independent corridor with program, and radical or linear connection in spatial connection methods. The third one is that the characteristics of spatial composition in selected cases through space syntax are high variation on integration, low variation on connectivity, and high distribution in main circulation on ERAM(3). Implications: In addition to the specific spatial composition in healthcare facilities of the architect's project, it is necessary to analyze the relationship with other factors and facilities to develop the planning of hospital architecture.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.7-18
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• 2007

The most recent study of the hospital design indicates that the researchers focus more on creating the healing environment within the hospital facility. Furthermore, it demonstrates the environment of individual living space for patients such as hospital wards becomes much more significant. This study seeks to analyze how various configurations and compositions of the resting space in the general hospital in Korea affect on patients in the aspect of healing environment and its treatment provided within the facility. The behavior of patients and their family members are analyzed thru the observation and the surveying process in order to find out the level of satisfaction and their demand for the healing environment in the resting space such as day-rooms, corridors and external garden. Finally, the purpose of this study is to create the principles of architectural composition for the healing environment in the hospital design.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.113-122
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• 2018

The purpose of healthcare facility should be user healing and health promotion. However, healthcare facilities have a bigger impact on the natural environment than the general buildings, eventually effecting the health of people globally. 'Environmentally friendliness' is a more important concept in hospitals, not just in technical or mechanical performance but in therapeutic effects on users. Therapeutic environment is closely related to the natural environment. Depending on how the natural environment is drawn into the space, the healing effect of the patients is also increased. Most of the previous studies are statistical and comparative researches that cannot provide theoretical basis of architectural planning. Therefore, architectural research on the composition of architectural space and nature is needed. In this study, we categorize 16 types of relation between architectural space and nature, and based on this, analyze the present situation of 7 regional public hospitals' 33 spaces, and provide theoretical background and guideline for therapeutic space.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2008

The criterion of 'void space' in this paper is based on the sense of unusual experiences to afford the improvement of the value of cultural life with the sense of Healing. The more chances to spiritual converse with nature and oneself, the higher the value of healing experiences that one has will grow. This analysis has been done on the premises that this is derived from the inner conversation with 'nature' and 'oneself', as well as among 'others'. In other words, while the 'community void' affords programmatic aspect in relations between humans, the 'ecological void', systemic aspect in relations between human and nature, the 'meditation void', the aspect of image in relations between human and human's inside. Jong-soung Kimm and Hyo-sang Seung are Korean architects who have consistently expressed contrastive essential characteristics of the 'void space' in their contemporary works. While the void space of contemporary Korean architectures have shown various external forms, there has been a trace deeply rooted from the absolute and neutral concepts of the masters of Modern architects and 'Madang'of Korean traditional space. The integrated composition in the works of Jong-soung Kimm suggested integrated characters and healing affordances of 'Madang', but it hardly showed the poetic simplicity that could be seen from the image of traditional 'Madang'. On the other hand, the works of Hyo-sang Seung represented the simple and silent image of 'Madang', but showed fragmented characteristics that didn't sufficiently afford the integrated healing functions of 'Madang'.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to research the fundamental cause of psychological stress and healing elements related to the waterscape design of contemporary architecture. As one of the solution, analysis of the psychological function of waterscape of natural elements in composition of architectural space was included. This study is focused on the form and psychological function of waterscape, and concerned with the cause of psychological stress at the same time. Also, this study includes analyzed cased with both inside and outside of contemporary architecture. The result will show that the waterscape will be useful solution for healing of fundamental cause of psychological stress with sixteen psychological healing elements through compositional elements of waterscape.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.1 s.54
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• pp.106-112
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• 2006

Buildings undergo changes by various factors according as pass at time. Due to that social requests and issues form one common sense of value and this would influence the architect's design intention. In fact, the form and function of buildings have coped with transition of the common sense of value by each times. Hospital architecture is also changed in function, scale and technology since, Kwanghyewon which was the first western style hospital in Korea was established in 1885. It is changing that the social needs for hospital which was a basic function of healing to laying emphasis on the function of precaution. According to this, the change of hospital spaces means that it can promote healing environment which is expanded from the modern concept of isolation, accommodation and urban sanitation. These changed concepts were adopted limited areas in hospitals at first however, nowadays they are expanding to other areas. So, this is caused to make the image of the hospital. From this point of view, Entry space is an example to show the changes. This study is intended to determine the overall space structure of entry area and to classify and analyze the difference.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.7-14
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• 2007

The concept and spatial composition of office have endlessly changed according to social trend. And according to social change, members of office, namely, concept of organization has been changed. Presently, our society finds and needs appearance of office suitable for our society. According to a concept of ecological environment and a concept laying stress on human, various trials have been performed but still, stress of salaried men is treated as social issue. By having connection between psychological healing theory of Max $L{\ddot{\bar{u}}}scher$ and spatial expression elements (content : refuge, self-esteem : prospect, confidence : flow, liberty : void) as a theory, we discussed possibility of aesthetic office landscape could be developed to a type of office which could control emotion that can be a cause of stress and we intended to examine limitation and possibility through case analysis.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2015

As part of alternative of elderly problems in the future super-aging society, this study aims to extract an improvement plan of interior environment design of Seoul-type day care centers to expand in future by observing day care centers as medical and healing environments, from the perspective of user experience. For this study, after selecting major activity areas of representative cases of Seoul-type day care centers, user behaviors in the space were observed and 4 seniors of baby-boom generation who are potential uses were chosen as personas by reflecting characteristics of healthy elderly, physical aging, mental aging and infirm elderly, from the perspective of user experience. Based on previous studies on healing environments, these characteristics and demands of personas were classified into environmental aspects, physical aspects and mental aspects to extract an improvement plan. The study results are as follows. First, interior environment design reflecting persona characteristics helps the elderly adapt to the environment and provides a comfortable environment like home for stability, treatment and recovery of memory. Second, interior environment design reflecting persona characteristics helps psychological healing through light entering the large windows and natural environment elements. Third, for interior environment design reflecting persona characteristics, finish materials with bright and soft colors should be used to change the images of facilities positively. Fourth, spatial composition should be remedied through division of space and built-in furniture depending on the needs of users for loitering of extra time and programs.