• Korean Architects
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• s.539
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• pp.70-75
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• 2014

This study strives to seek the background in Ho-Seo Bank(HQ)'s foundation and its urban meaning. First, the thesis intends to understand the autonomous characteristics of Ho-Seo Bank which had been supported by Korean capitalists(landowners and merchants), keeping their pure capitals acquired by regular traditional marketplaces and farming works around Yesan. Second, through quantification data, it deals with reasons that the Ho-Seo Bank have been situated on a triangular corner that meets three roads toward a main thoroughfare toward Gongju to Hongseong, a railroad station, and a downtown area(Honmachi(本町通)) each. Third, it discusses the subsequent changes of Yesan's urban landscape that resulted from the Ho-Seo Bank's foundation(1913). In other words, thanks to a newly founded Ho-Seo Bank's headquarter(1922) and partly opening of a railway(Gyeongnam, 1922), Yesan became more advanced constructing both a political venue for a military police, a county office, et cetera, and then an educational place for schools. In conclusion, such urban phenomena shows there would be a dual combination between Korean people(aboriginal landowners and intellectuals) in autonomous efforts and Japanese officials in heteronomous controls. This thesis further contends that Ho-Seo Bank architecture itself reflects their status in the locality, who envisioned a 'cultural equality,' competing with Japanese aggressors, and its firm and massive form shows a new building type of bank architecture, literally representing the safeness and firmness, so differentiated from other buildings with the 'Secession' style in colonial areas under the control of the world powers.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.45-62
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• 2012

Purpose : This study was carried out from September 2011 to September 2012 to indicate improvement and performance schemes and planning strategies by way of scenario based practical examination to inspire adaptable capacity to EMS field for Emergency Medical Technician. Methods : In order to improve the examination, a survey was conducted to EMT-Paramedics (Level 1), EMT-Basics (Level 2), and other expert groups. The researchers visited the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technician (NREMT) headquarter and the psychomotor examination site in Ohio in April, 2011. The 21 EMT professors took part in a workshop experiencing the US psychomotor examinations provided by two NREMT examination experts in October, 2011. Results : The results showed that the general plan of new National Practical Examination for EMTs should consist of integrated emergency care examination based on clinical performance and simple skill examination based on objective structured skill protocol Conclusion : The National Practice Examination consists of two sessions and the examinees select the test number randomly in each session. The future examination should include the critical criteria and this criteria should be the decisive factor for the pass or fail.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1630-1637
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• 2008

Jeju-do is a island formed by the volcanic activity and has more than 360 volcanic cones distributed widely along the long axis of the elliptically shaped island. The volcanic cones consist mainly of scoria, so called "Song-I" in the local dialect. In this study the chemical and soil mechanical properties of scoria being very different from those of the inland were investigated with the various tests. In the sieve-passing test the particle size of scoria had more than 10 of uniformity coefficient and gradation coefficient of 1 ~ 3, showing relatively homogenous distribution. Based on the uniformity classification, scoria was assorted into GW. In the large scale direct shear tested for measuring the mechanical strength of scoria the internal friction angle of red scoria was $37^{\circ}$ and that of black scoria was $36^{\circ}$. This indicated that there was no difference in the mechanical strength between two types of scoria. On the other hand, red and black scoria had $1.24{\times}10^{-3}$ to $3.55{\times}10^{-2}$ cm/sec of k values for the static water level permeability, thus being classified into a coarse or fine sand as compared with that representing the saturated soil. They also had 1.411 to $1.477\;g/cm^3$ of notably low $r_{dmax}$ values for the compaction test as compared with common soil, which was considered to be due to their low specific gravity and high porosity. In conclusion, the soil mechanic properties of scoria obtained from this study are thought to be very helpful for reducing lots of trial and error happening in the civil engineering construction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2018

In this paper, we proposed a method for eliminating aiming error of unguided anti-tank rocket using improved target tracking. Since predicted fire is necessary to hit moving targets with unguided rockets, a method was proposed to estimate the position and velocity of target using fire control system. However, such a method has a problem that the hit rate may be lowered due to the aiming error of the shooter. In order to solve this problem, we used an image-based target tracking method to correct error caused by the shooter. We also proposed a robust tracking method based on TLD(Tracking Learning Detection) considering characteristics of the FCS(Fire Control System) devices. To verify the performance of our proposed algorithm, we measured the target velocity using GPS and compared it with our estimation. It is proved that our method is robust to shooter's aiming error.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.977-982
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an AR system which enables monitoring and managing of the operation process of the construction site. In case of the conventional construction managing system, a worker takes several images of the construction site and sends them directly to the supervisory headquarter, which manages the progress of the construction process and checks weather the construction is achieved according to the architectural design or not. Due to the nature of the offline process, the conventional management system has time and monetary constraints, and there exists a disadvantage that it is impossible to make quick decision-making and real-time communication with the work site. In order to minimize these disadvantages, we proposes an AR real-time construction monitoring/management system. In particular, we aim to developed a system based on mobile device so that it can maximize usability. The efficiency of the proposed system is verified through several experiments and implementation results.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.252-255
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• 2017

$Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ heaters were fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process and post sintering process. To validate the reliability of the $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ heaters, the accelerated life test (ALT) was conducted, and then lifetime to $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ heaters was estimated by using Minitab programs. Also, the failure analysis of $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ heaters after ALT was performed through electrical and structural properties. As the results, it was confirmed that the dominant failure mode of $Mo_xW_{1-x}Si_2$ heaters is the crack formation in heaters and the delamination of protective $SiO_2$ layers.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.157-161
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• 2014

Understanding the gene flow from genetically modified (GM) crops to conventional crops is important to prevent and mitigate seed contamination caused by pollen-mediated gene flow. We conducted a field test to investigate the gene flow from diamondback moth resistant GM cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) containing cry1Ac1 gene, to a non-GM control line AD126. GM and non-GM cabbage plants were cultivated in the field and pollinated using Bombus terrestris under the nets during the flowering periods. After seeds were collected from non-GM plants, hybrids between them and the GM cabbages were screened by multiplex PCR targeting cry1Ac1 gene. Out of 878 germinated seedlings, 168 hybrids were found and the average gene flow frequency was 19.7%. Because cabbage is mainly pollinated by insect pollinators, large-scale field tests are needed to study gene flow of GM cabbage.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.298-304
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• 2013

This paper systematically analyzes the dynamic effects of structure approaches which are expected to have direct effects on train loads - according to the train's acceleration as the area under consideration is located in a section where acceleration of high speed railway vehicles and the train's operating speed happens. In addition, through an examination of the dynamic train loads, dynamic behavioral characteristics of embedded structures and structure approaches were analyzed and a numerical analysis has been carried out in order to evaluate the performance of track subgrade and the safety of the structure. As a result, we reach the conclusion that the dynamic effects by train loads is low, but somewhat high vertical acceleration occurs.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.130-151
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• 2012

Fraunhofer was founded in 1949 and grew into Europe's largest application-oriented research organization. Fraunhofer currently employs over 20,000 members in Germany, is internationally networked, and manages an R&D budget of over 1,8 Billion Euros per year. An important step for Fraunhofer to become an integral component of the German innovation system was the introduction of the Fraunhofer Model of financing based on a performance-related system of financial management. The underlying model of the allocation and distribution of public funding to Fraunhofer that is subsequently allotted to specific research groups is one of the success factors of Fraunhofer. Fraunhofer is proud of its decentralized organizational model. Fraunhofer is comprised of 60 Institutes in Germany working in different fields, under one legal framework, and with a strong brand value. Every Fraunhofer Institute is affiliated with a German University and every institute director simultaneously holds a chair at the affiliated university. It is a challenge for the headquarter organization to balance the intended competition of individual Fraunhofer Institutes with complementarity cooperation in science among Fraunhofer-Institutes, especially when coming from different knowledge domains; however, this goal results in a significant advantage. The unique strengths of Fraunhofer offer system solutions in a world with increasingly complex R&D challenges. While growing to become the largest organization on Europe to focus on applied research it is the challenge to remain an agile organization that is flexible in organizational structure. Fraunhofer has reached a well-recognized position in the European innovation landscape. It is often referred to by science and governments as a role model for innovation policy and a key element of the latest successes in the German economy that has recovered quicker from the latest economic crisis than most other western economies. The paper explains Fraunhofer as an organizational paradigm and its underlying management model to elaborate on the challenges of managing a research organization. We wish to show how it is possible to transfer the management model and philosophy of Fraunhofer to innovation systems with different framework conditions and challenges. A universal conclusion may be drawn based on the description of Fraunhofer; however, changes in existing structures and innovation systems cannot be implemented over night.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.372-378
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• 2018

Life management technology is required as the failure risk of aged power transformers increases. Asset management technology is developed to evaluate the remaining life, establish the replacement strategies, and decide the optimal investment based on the reliability and economy of power transformers. The remaining life assessment uses data such as installation, operation, maintenance, refurbishment, and failure of power transformers. The optimal investment also uses data such as maintenance, outage, and social costs. To develop the asset management system for power transformers, determining the degradation parameters related to the aging of power transformers and evaluating the condition of power transformers using these parameters are important. In this study, since 1983, 110,000 Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) data have been analyzed to determine the degradation parameters related to the aging of power transformers. The alarm rates of combustible gases ($H_2$, $C_2H_2$, $C_2H_4$, $CH_4$, and $C_2H_6$), TCG, CO, and $CO_2$ were analyzed. The end of life and failure rate (bathtub curve) of power transformers were also calculated based on the failure data from 1981 to 2014. The DGA gases related to discharge, overheating, and insulation degradation were determined based on alarm and failure rates. $C_2H_2$, $C_2H_6$, and $CO_2$ were discharge, oxidation, and insulation degradation parameters related to the aging of power transformers.