• 제목/요약/키워드: handling condition

검색결과 306건 처리시간 0.023초

종양 모델 연구를 위한 소동물 $[^{18}F]$FDG PET 영상화 (Small Animal Small Animal $[^{18}F]$FDG PET Imaging for Tumor Model Study)

  • 우상근;김경민;천기정
    • Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2008
  • PET allows non-invasive, quantitative and repetitive imaging of biological function in living animals. Small animal PET imaging with $[^{18}F]$FDG has been successfully applied to investigation of metabolism, receptor-ligand interactions, gene expression, adoptive cell therapy and somatic gene therapy. Experimental condition of animal handling impacts on the biodistribution of $[^{18}F]$FDG in small animal study. The small animal PET and CT images were registered using the hardware fiducial markers and small animal contour point. Tumor imaging in small animal with small animal $[^{18}F]$FDG PET should be considered fasting, warming, and isoflurane anesthesia level. Registered imaging with small animal PET and CT image could be useful for the detection of tumor. Small animal experimental condition of animal handling and registration method will be of most importance for small lesion detection of metastases tumor model.

주행상태에서의 가이드라인 계측 시스템 개발에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Development of Guide Line Measurement System in the Driving Condition)

  • 김영복
    • 동력기계공학회지
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    • 제15권5호
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2011
  • The handling ability of containers at the terminal strongly depends on the performance of the cargo handling system such as RTGC(Rubber Tired Gantry Crane) and RMGC(Rail Mounted Gantry Crane). This paper introduces a guide line measurement system on the operating condition, in which two camera are installed to detect the guide line. Because the line tracking is the basic technique for control system design of RTGC, it is necessary to develop a useful and reliable measurement system. If the displacement and angle of the RTGC relative to a guide line as the trajectory to follow is obtained, the position of RTGC is automatically calculated. Therefore, in this paper, a camera-based measurement system is introduced. The proposed measurement system is robust against light fluctuation and cracks of the guide line. This system consists of two camera and a PC which are installed at the lower side of the RTGC. Two edges of the guide line are detected from an input image taken by the cameras in the moving state, and these positions are determined in a Hough parameter space by using the Hough transformation method. From the experimental results, the accuracy and usefulness of the proposed system is evaluated by comparing other instruments.

Specific Process Conditions for Non-Hazardous Classification of Hydrogen Handling Facilities

  • Choi, Jae-Young;Byeon, Sang-Hoon
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.416-420
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    • 2021
  • Hazardous area classification design is required to reduce the explosion risk in process plants. Among the international design guidelines, only IEC 60079-10-1 proposes a new type of zone, namely zone 2 NE, to prevent explosion hazards. We studied how to meet the zone 2 NE grade for a facility handling hydrogen gas, which is considered as most dangerous among explosive gases. Zone 2 NE can be achieved considering the grade of release, as well as the availability and effectiveness of ventilation, which are factors indicative of the facility condition and its surroundings. In the present study, we demonstrate that zone 2 NE can be achieved when the degree of ventilation is high by accessing temperature, pressure, and size of leak hole. The release characteristic can be derived by substituting the process condition of the hydrogen gas facility. The equations are summarized considering relation of the operating temperature, operating pressure, and size of leak hole. Through this relationship, the non-hazardous condition can be realized from the perspective of inherent safety by the combination of each parameter before the initial design of the hydrogen gas facility.

분산 메시지처리기 구조에서의 공통선 신호 트래픽루팅 제어 기법 (Routing Control Algorithm for SS7 Signaling Traffic with Distributed Message Handling Processors)

  • 조영소;류근호
    • 한국정보처리학회논문지
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    • 제4권7호
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    • pp.1797-1803
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    • 1997
  • 공통선 신호방식에서 메시지처리기능은 다량의 신호트래픽을 전달지연이 없이 신호망내의 착신점으로 루팅하기 위한 기능으로써 실시간 처리가 가능 하여야 하며 데이타통신 서비스, 영상정보 서비스등 계속적으로 발생하는 다량의 트래픽에 대하여 그 처리능력이 탁월해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 다중 분산 메시지처리기 구조에서 실시간, 다량의 트래픽 처리를 위한 루팅기법을 제시하였다. 루팅은 신호링크선택코드를 이용하여 다수의 분산 메시지 처리기로 트래픽을 균등 분산하기 위한 시스템 내부 분산 루팅 기법과 신호망에서 다수의 신호루트로 신호트래픽을 분산 루팅하는 신호망 분산 루팅 기법으로 분류하였다. 이러한 루팅 기법을 적용함으로써 가용 신호루트의 고장, 비가용 신호루트의 복구와 같은 신호루트의 이상이 발생시 신호루트선택코드를 변경함으로서 신호트래픽의 효율적 루팅을 가능하게 하였다.

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Auto-dump Design of Postharvest Bulk Handling Machinery System for Onions

  • Park, Jongmin;Choi, Wonsik;Kim, Ghiseok;Kim, Jongsoon
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제43권4호
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    • pp.379-385
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: Postharvest handling of onions (harvesting, cleaning, grading, cooling, storing, and transport) should be performed continually to reduce costs and improve quality. The purpose of this study is to a) determine the design parameters and operating conditions of anion auto-dumping that constitutes a key component of the postharvest bulk handling machinery system, and b) to perform a performance test with the auto-dump prototype system. Methods: Kinematic analyses and computer simulations of the auto-dump mechanism were applied to analyze the operating conditions and design parameters. Results: The optimum working condition for the auto-dump was determined from kinetic analyses. In addition, the interaction between the velocity of the hydraulic cylinder and the angular velocity of the auto-dump were analyzed in order to control the bulk handling machinery system. The acting forces and optimum operating conditions of the hydraulic cylinder were determined by analyzing the forces related to the mass of inertia of the auto-dump assembly during rotation. The method of controlling the feeding rate of onions in terms of the uniformity of the stacking pattern and the control of the entire system was better than the two-stage method of controlling the rotational speed of the auto-dump. Based on the performance test with the prototype for the auto-dump, the stacking pattern and rigidity of the system were analyzed. Conclusions: These results would be of great importance in the postharvest bulk handling machinery system for onions.

비행조종성능을 위한 헬리콥터 FBW 비행제어법칙 설계 (Helicopter FBW Flight Control Law Design for the Handling Quality Performance)

  • 최인호;김응태;현정욱
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.1561-1567
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    • 2013
  • 본 논문은 헬리콥터 비행조종성능을 위한 비행제어법칙 설계에 대한 연구이다. 헬리콥터 비행조종성능관련 규격은 MIL-F-83300, ADS-33E이 사용되고 있으며, 이러한 요구조건을 만족하기 위한 자세 명령 타입의 제어기가 요구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 ACAH 형태의 제어기설계와 성능 평가에 대해 기술하였다. 헬리콥터 동력학 방정식은 로터 동력학을 포함한 비선형 시뮬레이션 모델을 개발하고 정지 비행에서 전진속도까지 속도별로 트림조건을 이용한 선형모델을 구하여 사용하였다. 제어기 설계는 비행조종성을 만족하기 위해 명령모델추종방식을 사용하였고, 피드포워드 게인을 위한 단순한 역모델을 사용하였으며, 축간의 커플링을 줄이기 위한 디커플링 로직과 페이즈 모델이 적용되었으며 선형모델을 이용하였다. 비행성능 평가는 매트랩 기반의 Conduit을 이용하여 수행하였으며, 레벨 1의 기준을 만족함을 확인하였다.

실제 해상교통상황 기반 선박조종 시뮬레이션 시스템 개발에 관한 연구 (A study on the development of a ship-handling simulation system based on actual maritime traffic conditions)

  • 이은규;한재석;고광현;박은비;안성필
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.306-307
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    • 2022
  • 최근 지능형 해상교통정보 서비스, 자율운항 시스템 등의 개발 및 검증, 고도화 과정에서 실제 해상교통상황의 구현이 가능한 선박조종 시뮬레이터와 연동하고자 하는 요구가 증대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 실제 해상교통상황 기반 선박조종 시뮬레이션 시스템을 개발하기 위해 시뮬레이션 서버를 구축하여 지능형 해상교통정보 연계 시스템으로부터 실제 해상교통상황에 대한 정보를 수신받아 선박조종 시뮬레이터 구동을 위한 정보로 변경하였으며, 실시간 시뮬레이션 영상을 사용자에게 제공하기 위해 우리나라 무역항 및 연안항에 대한 3차원 형상 모델링과 주요 선종에 대한 3차원 형상 모델링을 수행하였다. 이렇게 개발된 시스템은 10,000척 이상의 선박의 동시처리가 가능하여 사용자가 원하는 해역에서 실제 해상교통상황을 시뮬레이션할 수 있게 함으로써 지능형 해상교통정보 서비스의 고도화, 자율운항 시스템의 개발 및 검증 등에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 예상된다.

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항만하역관할의 원인분석 및 예방대책에 관하여 (On the Countermeasure for Preventing the Accident of Cargo Handling in Port)

  • 박용욱;이철영
    • 한국항해학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.57-68
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    • 1993
  • The economy of Korea has grown up significantly in its scale. It has, therefore, become imperative to develop countermeasures to prevent work related injuries and occupational illnesses resultining from haza-rdous working conditions and handling harmful substances. A lot of cargo handling accident in port have occurred due to the characteristics of poor working environment, diversity of working place and method, fluctuation of the amount of cargo and handling of heavy, long, harmful and dangerous cargo, etc. According to '91 industrial accident analysis carried out by the ministry of labour, the number of the stevedores injured by cargo handling accident in port were 1, 432 persons (the death accident : 22 per-sons), the amount of industrial accident compensation in port was 6.7 billion won (the amount of economic loss : 33.6 billion won), and the injury occurance rate of the stevedoring industry was higher than that of the whole industry. This paper, therefore, aims to the actual status of the stevedoring industry and to extract the main cau-ses of the accidents related to cargo handling in port through factor analysis using the data of the accide-nts in the whole habour from 1990 to 1992, and to suggest the countermeasures to prevent such accident. The main causes of the accident and countermeasures are found to be as follows through the factor analy-sis : Factor1, factor2, and factor3 related to a defect of human being and management, a defect of state and environment, and an insufficiency of education and law are extracted. The short-term countermeasures to prevent these accidents are 1) to consolidate the safety and health organization in the working spot, 2) to secure a safe condition in working spot before dock work, 3) to strengthen a dock worker's safety educa-tion. The long-term countermeasures are 1) to promote a decasualisation of dock workers, 2) to modernize the cargo working methods through constructing exclusive pier and introducing exclusive cargo handling equipment, 3) to establish a exclusive dock accident prevention organization and the dock workers law. Factor 4, factor5, factor6, and factor7 related to an unfitness, a deficiency of technical knowledge, a nonfu-lfilment of safety measures, and a bad arrangement are extracted. The countermeasures to prevent these accidents are 1) to perform a complete safety inspection of cargo handling equipments and tools and to carry out the dock work according to a working plan, 2) to publish and supply technical safety books, safety instruction book, safety check list, etc., 3) to strengthen the safety patrol at the working spot in habour and to activate a safety fund, 4) to maintain always a clean workshop with the safety consciousness in which the good arragement of the working spot is considered to be the beginning of safety.

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항만관련문제의 시스템적 고찰 부산항 물류시스템의 실태분석 (A Systematic Approach to Port related Problems An Analysis on the Actual Condition of physical Distribution System of Pusan port)

  • 이철영;문성혁
    • 한국항만학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.7-28
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    • 1988
  • From the viewpoint of physical distribution, the port transport process can be regarded as a system which consists of various subsystems such as navigational aids, quay handling, transfer, storage, information If management, and co-ordination with inland transport. The handling productivity of this system is determined by the production level of the least productive subsystem. So, a productivity analysis on the flow of cargoes through each subsystem should be made in order to achieve efficient port operation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the productivity of each subsystem in Pusan port, and to bring forward problems and finally to draw up plans for their betterment. Analyzed results on the productivity of each subsystem are as follows, i) It is known that the number of tugs with low HP should be increased by a few, the number of tugs with medium HP is appropriate, and the number of tugs with high HP is in excess of that necessary. ii ) In the case of container cargoes, it is found that the transfer and storage systems in BCTOC have the lowest handling capability, with a rate of $115\%$, leading to bottle-necks in the port transport system, while the handling rate of the storage and quay handling systems in general piers is in excess of the inherent capability. iii) In the case of the principal seaborne cargoes passing through general piers, there is found to be a remarkable bottle-neck in the storage system. In the light of these findings, both the extension of storage capability and the extension of handling productivity are urgently required to meet the needs of port users. Therefore, iv) As a short-term plan, it is proposed that many measures such as the reduction of free time, the efficient application of ODCY, etc must be brought in and v) In the long-trun, even though the handling capability will accommodate an additional 960,000 TEU in 1991, the scheduled completion date of the third development plan of Pusan port, insufficiency of handling facilities in the container terminal is still expected and concrete countermeasures will ultimately have to be taken for the port's harmonious operation. In particular, the problem of co-ordination with inland transport and urban traffic should be seriously examined together in the establishment of the Pusan port development. As a method of solving this, vi) It is suggested that Pusan port (North port) should be converted into an exclusive container ternimal and overall distribution systems to the other ports for treating general cargoes must be established. vii) And finally, it is also proposed that the arrival time (cut-off time) of influx cargoes for exports such as general merchandise and steel product should be limited, with a view to securing cargoes suitable for the operational capability of BCTOC.

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시뮬레이션 실험조건 이상 진단 연구 (Anomaly detection on simulation conditions for ship-handling safety assessment)

  • 권세혁
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.853-861
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    • 2010
  • 선박운항 안정성 평가를 위한 시뮬레이션 설계 시 선박운항에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 고려하여 실험조건을 설정한다. 배속 시뮬레이션에서는 이론적으로 수많은 실험조건도 수행 가능하나, 동일 실험조건 하에서는 동일 항해위험 관련 측정치를 얻으므로 확률모형이 아니다. 실시간 시뮬레이션은 실험에 참여하는 선박운항 전문가로 인한 변동이 발생하여 확률모형 분석이 가능하나 소요되는 실험시간으로 인하여 실험회수의 제한이 있다. 그리하여 배속 시뮬레이션을 활용하여 항해 위험도가 높은 실험조건을 선택하고, 선택된 실험조건에서만 실시간 시뮬레이션을 실시하여 항만 항해 위험도를 산정하고 있다. 이전 연구에서는 전문가의 주관적 판단이나 확률분포함수 개념을 활용하여 항해 위험도가 높은 실험조건을 선택하는 방법이 제안되었다. 그러나 이 방법들은 최종 횡단 데이터를 활용하여 시뮬레이션 과정에서 발생하게 되는 위험도를 측정하는 방법으로는 적절하지 못하다. 본 연구에서는 시뮬레이션의 항적 데이터로부터 얻는 주성분 점수를 활용하여 이상 실험조건을 진단하고 항해 위험도 높은 지점을 판단하는 방법을 제안하고 실증분석 결과도 제시하였다.