• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.384-390
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of wheat bran on the promotion of hair growth. When rat vibrissa follicles were treated with n-hexane fraction of wheat bran, the hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles significantly increased. Moreover, n-hexane fraction of wheat bran was found to significantly induce the telogen-anagen transition in C57BL/6 mice. The fraction increased the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells (DPCs) in a dose dependent manner. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms in relation to proliferation of DPCs by the fraction of wheat bran, we examined the expression of cell cycle proteins and wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling components. Western blot analysis revealed that the proliferation of DPC by n-hexane fraction of wheat bran was accompanied by increased the level of cyclin D1, cyclin E, phospho-CDK2 and phospho-pRB. In addition, the fraction of wheat bran increased the level of phospho(ser552)-${\beta}$-catenin, phospho(ser675)-${\beta}$-catenin and phospho(ser9)-GSK$3{\beta}$. These results suggest that the hair growing potential of wheat bran mediated by proliferation of DPCs via the regulation of cell cycle proteins and Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a model that performs more natural facial attribute editing by utilizing mask information in the hair and hat region. STGAN, one of state-of-the-art research of facial attribute editing, has shown results of naturally editing multiple facial attributes. However, editing hair-related attributes can produce unnatural results. The key idea of the proposed method is to additionally utilize information on the face regions that was lacking in the existing model. To do this, we apply three ideas. First, hair information is supplemented by adding hair ratio attributes through masks. Second, unnecessary changes in the image are suppressed by adding cycle consistency loss. Third, a hat segmentation network is added to prevent hat region distortion. Through qualitative evaluation, the effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated and analyzed. The method proposed in the experimental results generated hair and face regions more naturally and successfully prevented the distortion of the hat region.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.316-324
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• 2022

Hair loss causes psychological stress due to its effect on appearance. Therefore, the global market for hair loss treatment products is rapidly growing. The present study demonstrated that ginseng berry-derived and sequence-modified peptides promoted the proliferation rate of dermal papilla (DP) cells and keratinocytes, in addition to having antioxidant properties. Moreover, the potential role of these ginseng berry peptides as TGF-β2 antagonists was confirmed through in silico computer docking. In addition to promoting the growth of ,the ginseng berry-derived peptides also promoted the proliferation of keratinocytes experimental Particularly, an unmodified ginseng berry-derived peptide (GB-1) and two peptides with sequence modifications (GB-2 and GB-3) decreased ROS generation and exhibited a protective effect on damaged HaCaT keratinocytes. Computer-aided peptide discovery was conducted to identify the potential interactions of important proteins with transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), a key protein that plays a crucial role in the human hair growth cycle. Our results demonstrated that MAGH, an amino acid sequence present in herbal supplements and plant-based natural compounds, can inhibit TGF-β2.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2014

Micro needle roller therapy has been used for cosmetic purposes, such as reducing skin winkles and improving elasticity of skin. It is claimed that micro needle roller therapy has potentials for connective tissue regeneration by facilitating collagen synthesis. Therefore, there seems to be a possibility that connective tissue regenerating potential of micro needle roller therapy could influence the hair growth cycle. This study, we investigated the hair growth-promoting effects of micro needle roller therapy. C57BL/6 mice were devided into three groups as follows: normal saline-treated, minoxidil-treated, and micro needle roller therapy-received group. Hair growth activity was evaluated by handscopic and microscopic observations. Sections of dorsal skin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Expression of BrdU, FGF, and VEGF was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Micro needle roller therapy enhanced the development of hair follicle during anagen. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that micro neeld roller therapy incresed the expression of BrdU and FGF in the hair follicles of C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, micro needle roller therapy upregulated mRNA expression of VEGFR-2, FGF-2, EGF - growth factors that play a central role in hair follicle development during anagen. These results suggest that Micro needle roller therapy can potentially be used for the treatment of alopecia.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.440-447
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• 2023

Background: The human hair follicle undergoes cyclic phases-anagen, catagen, and telogen-throughout its lifetime. This cyclic transition has been studied as a target for treating hair loss. Recently, correlation between the inhibition of autophagy and acceleration of the catagen phase in human hair follicles was investigated. However, the role of autophagy in human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs), which is involved in the development and growth of hair follicles, is not known. We hypothesized that acceleration of hair catagen phase upon inhibition of autophagy is due to the downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hDPCs, and that components of Panax ginseng extract can increase the autophagic flux in hDPCs. Methods: We generated an autophagy-inhibited condition using 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a specific autophagy inhibitor, and investigated the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling using the luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis. In addition, cells were cotreated with ginsenoside Re and 3-MA and their roles in inhibiting autophagosome formation were investigated. Results: We found that the unstimulated anagen phase dermal papilla region expressed the autophagy marker, LC3. Transcription of Wnt-related genes and nuclear translocation of β-catenin were reduced after treatment of hDPCs with 3-MA. In addition, treatment with the combination of ginsenoside Re and 3-MA changed the Wnt activity and hair cycle by restoring autophagy. Conclusions: Our results suggest that autophagy inhibition in hDPCs accelerates the catagen phase by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, ginsenoside Re, which increased autophagy in hDPCs, could be useful for reducing hair loss caused by abnormal inhibition of autophagy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.48-63
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• 2010

Objectives: Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan (Yan Nian Yi Shou Gu Ben Dan 延年益壽固本丹) is composed of 11 herbs (Polygoni Mutiflori Radix, Lycii Radicis Cortex, Polia, Rehmanniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Asparagi Radix, Liriopis Tuber, Lycii Fructus, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Angelicae Acutiloba Radix, and Pini Folium) based on Yonryunggobon-dan (Yan Ling Gu Ben Dan 延齡固本丹) and Yonnyuniksoobulrho-dan (Yan Nian Yi Shou Bu Lao Dan 延年益壽不老丹). This study evaluated hair growth promoting effect of Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan on the shaved C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan was treated by oral administration (Sample I) and oral administration plus skin application (Sample II) once a day for 12 days. Hair regrowth was photographically and histologically determined during the experimental period. Hair growth cycle related factors (EGF, TGF-${\beta}1$) and vascular factors (VEGF, iNOS) were also determined with immunohistochemistry. Results: 1. On gross observation of hair regrowth, Sample I and Sample II groups demonstrated acceleration of hair regrowth. 2. The hair regrowth index of the Sample I group increased significantly from 7 days (P<0.05) to 12 days (P<0.01) after the shave while that of the Sample II group significantly increased at 12 days (P<0.05). 3. On histological observation, both Sample I and Sample II groups demonstrated histological improvement and increases of number and diameter of the hair follicles. 4. EGF expressions on the root sheath of hair follicles were up-regulated in both Sample I and Sample II groups. 5. TGF-${\beta}1$ expressions on the root sheath of hair follicles were not regulated in Sample I or Sample II groups. 6. VEGF expressions in the surrounding tissues of hair follicles were up-regulated in both Sample I and Sample II groups. 7. iNOS expressions in the surrounding tissues of hair follicles were down-regulated in both Sample I and Sample II groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan has hair growth-promoting activity and these effects relate to up-regulations of EGF and VEFG expressions and down-regulations of TGF-${\beta}1$ and iNOS expressions on hair roots.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.77-89
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• 2008

Objectives : This study evaluates the hair growth promoting effect of Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan on shaved C57BL6 mice. Methods : Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan was administered orally (Group I) and both orally and by skin application (Group II) once a day for 12 days. The experimental groups were compared to Control, which was orally administered physiological saline solution. Hair regrowth was photographically and histologically determined during the experimental period. The levels of hair growth cycle related factors (EGF, TGF-${\beta}$1) and vascular factors (VEGF, iNOS) were also determined by immunohistochemistry. On gross observation of hair growth, both Group I and Group II shaved C57BL6 mice showed accelerated hair regrowth. Results : The hair regrowth index of Group I increased significantly from 7 days (P<0.05) to 12 days (P<0.01) after shaving and that of Group II was significantly higher at 12 days (P<0.05). On histological observation, both Group I and Group II demonstrated histological improvement and increases in the number and diameter of the hair follicles. EGF expression on the root sheath of hair follicles was up-regulated in both Group I and II. TGF-${\beta}$1 expression on the root sheath of hair follicles was unchanged in both Group I and II. VEGF expression in the tissues surrounding hair follicles was up-regulated in both groups. iNOS expression in the tissues surrounding hair follicles was down-regulated in both groups. Conclusions : These results suggest that Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan promotes hair growth and this effect is related to up-regulation of EGF and VEFG expression and down-regulation of TGF-${\beta}$1 and iNOS expression on hair roots.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.354-360
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• 2020

The hair cycle (anagen, catagen, and telogen) is regulated by the interaction between mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells in the hair follicles. The proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), mesenchymal-derived fibroblasts, has emerged as a target for the regulation of the hair cycle. Here, we show that vanillic acid, a phenolic acid from wheat bran, promotes the proliferation of DPCs via a PI3K/Akt/Wnt/β-catenin dependent mechanism. Vanillic acid promoted the proliferation of DPCs, accompanied by increased levels of cell-cycle proteins cyclin D1, CDK6, and Cdc2 p34. Vanillic acid also increased the levels of phospho(ser473)-Akt, phospho(ser780)-pRB, and phospho(thr37/46)-4EBP1 in a time-dependent manner. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt pathway, attenuated the vanillic acid-mediated proliferation of DPCs. Vanillic acid-induced progression of the cell-cycle was also suppressed by wortmannin. Moreover, vanillic acid increased the levels of Wnt/β-catenin proteins, such as phospho(ser9)-glycogen synthase kinase-3β, phospho(ser552)-β-catenin, and phospho(ser675)-β-catenin. We found that vanillic acid increased the levels of cyclin D1 and Cox-2, which are target genes of β-catenin, and these changes were inhibited by wortmannin. To investigate whether vanillic acid affects the downregulation of β-catenin by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), implicated in the development of androgenetic alopecia, DPCs were stimulated with DHT in the presence and absence of vanillic acid for 24 h. Western blotting and confocal microscopy analyses showed that the decreased level of β-catenin after the incubation with DHT was reversed by vanillic acid. These results suggest that vanillic acid could stimulate anagen and alleviate hair loss by activating the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in DPCs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.401-411
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• 2003

Tube expanding process is for combining a heat-sink plate with hair-pins (Cu-tube) through plastic deformation. The two parts, i. e. , heat-sink plate and hair-pins are they components of a heat-exchanger for an air conditioner. This paper presents the analysis and dynamic modeling of a high-speed tube expander which integrates transfer of parts, fixing of parts, and tube expanding into one process. The 3-dimensional modeling of all the parts for the tube-expander was constructed using CATIA$\circledR$. then the CATIA$\circledR$ models are transferred into visuaINastran$\circledR$ to execute the 3-dimensional animation for checking prescribed cycle-time. The technique presented in this paper has been shown to be effective as a priori tool for verifying the design of a high-speed tube expander.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.518-526
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• 2005

Hwanggumgung (HGG) is a hair-care product which is composed of several plant extracts used in oriental medicine. This study was carried out to investigate effect of HGG on hair regrowth in a shaving model of C57BL6 mice. Five-week-old mice were acclimated for 1 week under 23$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm10\%$ relative humidity and 12 h of a light/dark cycle before beginning experiment. There were four experimental groups including distilled water (D.W., control), 10$\%$ ethanol (EtOH, vehicle control), a positive control of 3$\%$ minoxidil (MXD), and HGG for female and male mice, respectively; Six-weeks old mice were trimmed by electric clippers so as not to damage the skin. The next day; mice without visible scraches were selected, randomized and separated in groups of 11 mice. The test compounds were topically treated with 0.15ml per mouse per day for 21 days. The hair regrowth was photographically and histologically determined during the experimental period of 21 days. Enzyme activities of $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase were also determined using a rate assay method. There were no clinical signs in all experimental groups. The topical application of 3$\%$ MXD and HGG in female mice promoted hair regrowth earlier and faster than the control groups. In male mice, the topical application of 3$\%$ MXD and HGG also accelerated hair growth compared with the controls. Ten percent ethanol also promoted hair growth faster than D.W group. The histology of hair growth in experimental groups was strongly associated with the hair regrowth. 3$\%$ MXD and HGG promoted elongation of hair follicles compared with the controls in both female and male mice. Activities of alkaline phosphatase and $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase, enzymes related to hair growth, significantly increased after treatments of 3$\%$ MXD and HGG for 2 weeks in both female and male mice (p < 0.05). These results suggest that HGG has hair growth promoting activities and it can be for treatment for alopecia.