• 대순사상논총
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• 제16권
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• pp.87-103
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• 2003

Religions have the characteristics ultimately to solve the problems of human beings. These religions are externally expressed through the behaviors called rituals and contain substantially symbolic meanings. A ritual is a kind of transcendental experiences and infinite experience conducted in the reality and formalizes external behaviors in front of the presence of holy subject. Therefore, there is no religion without rituals. However, there are insignificant differences between religions or sects in performing rituals. The purpose of a ritual for human beings who have access to the holy world and this world is to keep their balances not to excessively indulge in this world. Moreover, a ritual plays the role to exercise strict control over the daily life of religious people who are in the holy world but easily tend to be accustomed to force of habit. These rituals are closely related to belief. Belief(Conviction) is one of core elements of religion. Belief as the unique activity among various behaviors of human beings illustrates another characteristics of human beings. The common efforts in the history of mankind to overcome cultural or geographical differences through existing religions can be represented by belief, that is, the faith. On the basis of background described above, this study aims to identify the meaning of rituals and dynamic structure of belief as examining the rituals of Daesoonjinrihoe.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.92-124
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• 2022

Providing services using kiosks is actively carried out between suppliers and consumers. These service processes have recently begun to play a dominant role in transactions. However, previous self-service technology (SST) studies or kiosks have not fully reflected the changing environment surrounding these different technologies. To cover the updated business environments, we combined qualitative and quantitative research methods. Through qualitative research and a review of previous studies, the variables emphasized as motivations and constraints for kiosks use and those that can be newly illuminated were selected for this study. We then applied the variables to the research model to assess their influence. In terms of the motivations for using kiosks, the results suggest that perceived usefulness and compatibility as service quality, forced use, and perceived service providers' efficiency as provider polices, absorptive capacity, and habit as an individual characteristic and social influence as a subjective norm have a significant effect on the attitude toward kiosks. In terms of constraints, difficult to use and need for interaction predicts the attitude toward kiosks. Attitude toward kiosks, perceived behavioral control, and social influence are directly related to the intention to use kiosks. Lastly, intention to use kiosks plays a significant role as an antecedent of revisit intention. Using these empirical results, we propose both academic and practical implications for future kiosks use.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2005

This study was conducted to identify the effect of meridian acupressure on defecation of patients with post spinal operation. The nonequivalent control group posttest only design was used. The data were obtained from 77 post spinal operative patients, 34 in the experimental 43 in control group in Y Hospital, Seoul, Korea. The neurosurgical unit A and B ward, assigned by matched sample by the name of operation such as laminectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion are performed. Meridian acupressure meant the method that an examiner presses response points distributed in the pass of energy vessel. In this study, meridian acupressure program was performed on as points in order of Hegue (LI-4), Zhigou (TE-6), Zusanli (S-36), Shangjuxu (S-37), Xiajuxu (S-39), Tianshu (S-25), Taichong (L-3) which was known to be related to large intestine. Data were collected from 1, July 2003 to 1, September 2003. Meridian acupressure program was carried out for 20 minutes 4 hours after operation twice daily. In order to evaluate the effect of meridian acupressure intervention, they were asked time of bowel recovery, gas passing, and defecation though questionnaire method. Data were analyzed by the SPSS/ WIN 11.0 program. The results of this study were summarized as follows; 1. Homogeneity tests of general characteristics and operation related characteristics of the experimental group and the control group were performed. General characteristics included age, sex, defecation habit, eating pattern, fluid intake, life style, activity, usage of laxative and etc. 2. Hypotheses were verification as follows; 1) Recovery of bowel sound of the experimental group who received meridian acupressure intervention was faster than that of the control group after spinal operation (t=-6.770,P=.000). 2) Time of gas passing of the experimental group who received meridian acupressure program was faster than that of the control group after spinal operation (t=-8.003, P=.000). 3) Time to defecation of the experimental group who received meridian acupressure program was faster than that of the control group after spinal operation (t=-9.026, P=.000). 4) Abdominal discomfort due to defecation of the experimental group who received meridian acupressure program was lesser than that of the control group after spinal operation (t=-3.431, P=.001). From these results, meridian acupressure intervention was effective for recovery of bowel sound, reduce time to gas passing, time to defecation and lessen abdominal discomfort due to defecation on post spinal operative patients. And therefore this intervention can probably considered on clinical practice.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the public's awareness of the importance of hand washing and to compare perceptions on the habit of hand washing with actual hand washing behavior. Methods : Data were collected by observing 2,800 participants washing their hands after using public restrooms in seven cities nationwide and by surveying 1,000 respondents (age > 14 years) through telephone interviews using a structured questionnaire. Results : Although 94% of the survey respondents claimed to mostly or always wash their hands after using public restrooms, only 63.4% of the observed participants did wash their hands after using public restrooms. Significant factors related to increased adherence to hand washing were female gender, approximate ages of 20 to 39 years by their appearance, and the presence of other people from the observation. About 79% of the survey respondents always washed their hands after using bathrooms at home, 73% washed their hands before handling food, and 67% washed their hands upon returning to their home. However, 93.2% and 86.3% of the survey respondents did not wash their hands after coughing or sneezing and after handling money, respectively. Although most of the survey respondents (77.6%) were aware that hand washing is helpful in preventing communicable diseases, 39.6% of the survey respondents did not do so because they were 'not accustomed' to washing their hands and 30.2% thought that washing their hands is 'annoying'. Conclusions : This is the first comprehensive report on hand washing behavior and awareness of the general population in Korea. The result of this study in terms of individual behavior and awareness of hand washing are comparable with similar studies conducted in other countries. However adherence to hand washing is still low and needs to be increased. The results of this study can be used as a baseline in setting up strategies and activities to promote adherence to hand washing.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.485-489
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• 2018

녹두 품종 '문평'은 '금성'과 'IT163157'을 교배하여 2013년에 전라남도농업기술원에서 육성되었다. '문평'의 초형은 직립이고 잎 모양은 심장형이며 배축은 녹색이다. 성숙한 꼬투리는 곧고 검정색이며 종피는 광택이 없는 녹색이다. '문평'의 경장은 60 cm로 표준품종인 '어울'보다 6 cm 작고, 꼬투리수는 25개로 3개 많으며 천립중은 45 g으로 4 g 낮다. '문평'의 바이러스, 갈색무늬병 및 흰가루병 포장저항성은 '어울'과 비슷하고, 도복 포장저항성은 강한 편이다. '문평'의 경실 비율은 3.2%로 표준품종과 비슷하고 나물 수율은 7.54배로 9% 높다. '문평'의 수량은 1.93 톤/ha로 '어울'보다 21% 많다(품종보호권등록번호: 제5878호, 2016년 2월 1일).

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2006

본 시험은 이탈리안 라이그라스 내한성 품종을 육성하기 위하여 1999년부터 2005년까지 축산연구소 조사료자원과에서 수행되었다. 이탈리안 라이그라스 신품종 '코그린'은 2배체 품종으로서 엽의 색은 녹이며, 월동전 초형은 반직립형, 봄의 초형은 직립형이다. 코그린은 5월 4일경에 출수하는 조숙성 품종이었다. 특히, '코그린'은 'Florida 80' 보다 지엽의 폭이 0.7mm, 지엽의 길이가 2cm로 넓고 길며, 초장은 85m로 Florida 80 보다 1cm 정도 작았다. 줄기의 두께는 'Florida 80'과 같이 중간이었다. '코그린'의 내한성은 'Florida 80' 보다 강한 품종이었다. '코그린'의 건물수량은 12.884kg/ha로서 'Florida 80' 보다 3% 적었다. '코그린'의 사료가치는 in vitro 소화율이 74.7%, 가소화영양분총량(TDN) of 65.1%로서 'Florida 80' 보다 각각 3.6, 1.5% 높았고, 산성세제불용섬유(ADF)와 중성세제불용섬유(NDF)는 30.1 및 54.1%로서 'Florida 80' 보다 각각 1.9 및 1.3% 낮았다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1993

경상남도 산청군 주민의 간흡충 감염 현황을 파악하고 1984년 조사자료와 비교 평가하기 위하여 1992년 10월에 역학조사를 하였다. 일반 주민의 간흘충 충란양성률은 837명에 대한 조사에서 37.6%(남자 48.1%. 여자 28.6%)였다. 국민학생은 145명중 평균 9.7%(남자 9.9%, 여자 9.4%)를 보였다. 일반주민의 EPG(599 Per gram offices) 평균치는 3.310(남자 4.221 여자 1.978)이었다. 국민학생은 711(남자 620. 여자 833)을 보였으며 20대에서 7.852로 가장 높았다 EPG에 따는 감염자의 분포는 72.6%가 1,000미만의 경감염자이었고 10.000미만의 중등도까지 93 9%가 포함되었다. 중감염자로는 EPG 120.000이상에 속하는 사람이 0.3%를 차지했다. 감염자의 민물고기 생식 경험률은 90.5%. 최근 2년내 생식한 사람은 71.1%였다. 1984년과 1992년에 조사된 동일인 138명 중 반복감염자가 31명(22.5%). 음성으로 전환된 자가 35명(25.4%), 새로 양성 전환자가 22명(15.9%)이었다. 그러므로 1984년 자료와 비교할때 충란양성률은 국민학생은 줄고 일반 주민은 변화가 없었으며. 감염강도는 주민과 국민학생 모두에게서 감소하였고, 주민의 민물고기 생식습관은 변하지 않았음을 알 수 있었다. 이 지역에서는 주민들의 식습관의 변화가 앞으로 간흡충 퇴치사업에 가장 중요한 요인이다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.161-175
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• 2007

It is important for young adults to establish good dietary behavior for healthy life. The prevalence of obesity in college students has increased gradually. The obesity is one of the most prevalent health problems in S. Korea. Moreover, obesity is closely related with the disease such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate health practice, serum components and nutrient intake of the college students according to Body Mass Index (BMI) level. 400 male and female freshmen students in 4 year university located near to Seoul metropolitan area were surveyed respectively through the health check-up procedure for college entrance in February. Survey was carried out for them by questionnaires, including a 24-hour dietary recall and anthropometric measurements. Blood samples were obtained while fasting. Nutrient intake was expressed by DDS(Dietary Diversity Score by 5 food groups) and DVS(Dietary Variety Score). Nutrition level was analyzed by Can-Pro (Korea Nutrition Association). And for the quantity intake, percentage ratio against daily requirement(by KDRIs) and MAR(Mean Adequacy Ratio) were calculated. Underweight group($BMI<18.5kg/m^2$), normal weight group($18.5) and overweight group($BMI<23.0 kg/m^2$) were 18.5%, 61.2% and 19.3% respectively. Nutrient intake levels and food intake status were not significantly different among three groups. The mean nutrient adequacy ratio (MAR) was not significantly different by BMI status. Nutrient intakes of calcium, iron, and riboflavin were especially low for all the students. Overweight group showed high blood pressure(120.9/79.3 mmHg) compared with the underweight group (116.4/ 75.8mmHg) but the difference was not significant. The serum triglyceride level in overweight group (94,0mg%) was higher than that in normal (70.9mg%) or underweight group(70.8mg%)(p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol level in overweight (43.8 mg%) group was not significantly different from that in underweight group (45.9mg%). BMI was positively correlated with blood pressure, hemoglobin, and the intake of total fat and cholesterol. But it was negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol level. With these results overweight group is closely related with the cardiovascular disease risks, such as high blood pressure and high triglycerides and cholesterol. Thus, a health intervention program including weight control is required for young adults.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2011

본 연구는 Reigeluth의 정교화 이론에 제시된 7가지 교수전략 요소를 이용하여 2007 개정 교육과정의 중학교 1학년 '청소년의 영양과 식사' 단원을 분석하였다. '청소년의 영양'은 개념적 정교화, '청소년의 식사'는 절차적 정교화, '청소년의 식사 및 식습관 영양문제'와 '올바른 식습관 및 영양문제'는 교과서에 따라 각기 개념적, 절차적, 이론적 정교화 과정이 활용되고 있다. '청소년의 영양'과 '청소년의 식사'는 학습내용이 단일 주제인 반면 '청소년의 식사 및 식습관 영양문제'와 '올바른 식습관 및 영양문제'는 여러 개의 학습주제를 포함하고 있기 때문에 활용되는 정교화 과정이 다양한 것으로 판단된다. 선수학습요소는 학습목표, 생각열기, 돌아보기의 명칭으로 12종 교과서 모두에 활용되고 있으며, 요약자는 11종의 교과서에서 활동과 자료를, 종합자는 10종의 교과서에서 활동의 형태를 활용하고 있다. 비유는 활용 실태가 미흡하여 3종의 교과서에서만 활용하고 있고, 인지전략활성자는 활동보다는 그림, 표, 용어 문장의 자료 활용이 많다. 학습자통제 역사 활동과 자료 형태 모두를 활용하고 있다. 인지전략활성자와 학습자 통제는 12종 교과서 모두가 활용하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 교과서를 집필함에 있어 다양한 자료와 함께 학생들의 직접적인 참여를 유도하는 활동을 보강하고, 특히 학습자의 이해를 도울 수 있도록 적절하고 다양한 비유를 찾아내려는 노력이 배가되면 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.43-70
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• 2004

This research was conducted to provide basic document on efficient health promotion behavior program that elementary school students can use from elementary school course to enhance health promotion behavior for healthy life by checking out the degree of the most influential factor for health promotion behavior about elementary school students who establish lifelong health habit, and by checking out the relation between the degree of self-efficacy and health promotion behavior. The number of subjects of this research was 598. They were all elementary school students from the sixth grade students of the 5 cities of the Kyeong Nam province. We conducted questionnaires and did statistical analyses by using 592 papers which were suitable for date analyses with SPSS. The conclusions were as follows; A. The degree of self-efficacy The degree of self-efficacy of elementary school students was more than average. The degree of self-efficacy on physical activity was the highest and the degree of self-efficacy on self-fulfillment was the lowest. The degree of self-efficacy of girl students was comparatively higher than that of boy students. When their parents got higher education, made a lot of money and kept harmony with their children, the degree of self-efficacy became high. Furthermore, when their parents or themselves have a lot of interest in health, they feel that they are healthy, and they feel that they are satisfied with their bodies, the degree of self-efficacy was high too. B. The degree of health promotion behavior Although the degree of health promotion behavior of elementary school students was a bit lower than the degree of self-efficacy, it was higher than average. The degree of health promotion behavior on physical activity was the highest. But the degree of health promotion behavior on health of their own was the lowest. The degree of health promotion behavior between girl students and boy students was the same. When their parents got higher education, made a lot of money and kept harmony with their children, the degree of self-efficacy became high. Furthermore, when their parents or themselves have a lot of interest In health, they feel that they are healthy, and they feel that they are satisfied with their bodies, the degree of self-efficacy was high too. C. The relation between self-efficacy and health promotion behavior When the degree of self-efficacy was high, the degree of health promotion behavior was high too. So there was high positive relationship between self-efficacy and health promotion behavior. Physical activity showed the highest relationship. The order of strong relationship run as follows. Relationship with others, self-fulfillment, management of stress. The higher self-efficacy which was a recognizable factor on health behavior, the higher the degree of health promotion behavior. It is being revealed that many modem chronic diseases are cause by accumulated careless attitude on harmful health habit and lack of self-control. The behavior of keeping healthy and enhancing health is more firm when they have high self-efficacy which is believing their own conviction. So, When we teach elementary school students health promotion education at school, we should try to enhance their own self-efficacy rather than just instill simple information about health. By doing so, we can help them change their attitude on health. Then, they could enjoy life-long healthy life.