• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2005

Purpose: To characterize the effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) and quercetin (QCT) on cytokine secretion of IL-6, $TGF-\beta$ and gene expression of Col I in irradiated MC3T3-E1 cells Materials and Methods: The MC3T3-El cells were cultured in an a-MEM supplemented with 5mM 2DG or 10mM QCT and then the cells were incubated 12h before irradiation with 2, 4, 6, and 8Gy X-ray using a linear accelerator delivered at a dose rate of 1.5Gy/min. Level of IL-6 and $TGF-\beta$ was determined by ELISA. Also expression of Col I was examined by RT-PCR. Results: In accordance with the radiation dose, the amount of $TGF-\beta$ was not different in RA + QCT, but it showed a peak value in control and RA + 2DG at 4Gy on the 3rd day. However, all groups showed a decreasing tendency dose-dependently in RA+QCT on the 7th day (p<0.01). In accordance with the radiation dose, the amount of IL-6 increased dose-dependently in all groups on the 3rd day. On the 7th and 21st day, all groups showed peak values at 4Gy. RA+QCT showed a slightly increased amount of IL-6 at 2Gy, but it showed a slightly decreased amount at 4, 6, and 8Gy. In accordance with the period of culture after irradiation, the expression of Col I increased dose-dependently in RA+QCT. Conclusion: The result showed that QCT acted as radiosensitizer in the secretion of $TGF-\beta$ and gene expression of Col I during differentiation in irradiated MC3T3-E1 cells at the cellular level.

• The Journal of Engineering Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 2004

The synthesis and crystallization of amorphous calcium carbonate($CaCO_3$.$nH_2 O$) obtained from gas-liquid reaction between aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide at 15~$50^{\circ}C$ are investigated by electrical conductometry, XRD and TEM. The results are as follows: The initial reaction products prior to the formation of precipitated calcium carbonate is amorphous calcium carbonate. The electrical conductivity values in the slurry are decreased during the formation of amorphous calcium carbonate which covers particle surface of calcium hydroxide and retard the dissolution of calcium hydroxide into the solution. that amorphous calcium carbonate is unstable in the aqueous solution and crystallizes finally to calcite by the through-solution reaction. While amorphous calcium carbonate crystallizes into chain-like calcite, the conductivity values are recovered rapidly and the apparent viscosity of slurry containing higher concentration of calcium hydroxide increase. At below pH 9.5, chain-like calcite separates into individual particles to form precipitated calcium carbonate. The formation and synthetic temperature range of amorphous calcium carbonate is most suitable a primary decreasing step(a-step) at $15^{\circ}C$ in the electrical conductometry.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to optimize enucleation and reconstitution methods for the production of cloned mice by somatic cell nuclear transfer Outbred ICR mouse oocytes at the metapahse- II stage were retrieved from female mice superovulated by PMSG and hCG. In Experiment 1, oocytes were enucleated in medium supplemented with cytochalasin B (CCB) of 3 levels (0, 7.5 or 15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL), and higher rate of encleation was obtained at 7.5 and 15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL than at $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. In Experiment 2, oocytes enucleated in 7.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL CCB-containing medium were reconstituted with different types of somatic cell by following methods; 1) cumulus cells by direct cell injection, 2) cumulus cells by electric fusion (1.25 kV/cm, 2 pulses for each 70 $mutextrm{s}$) or 3) STO cells by the electrofusion. Electrofusion of STO cells with enucleated oocytes yielded the greatest (P<0.05) rate of reconstitution without lysis (76%) than any other combinations. Although significant decrease in the rate of somatic cell introduction was found, the electrofusion of cumulus cells yielded better rate of reconstitution than direct injection (0 vs. 18%). In Experiment 3, the duration of electric stimulation for the fusion was changed to either 50 $mutextrm{s}$ or 90 $mutextrm{s}$, but no significant improvement of reconstitution efficacy was obtained. In conclusion, this study showed that ICR mouse oocytes could be used for the production of reconstituted oocytes and a fusion method of 1.25 KV/cm with 2 pulses using 570 cell was the optimal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.394-400
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• 2013

A total of 192 broiler chicks were used to evaluate the influence of dietary ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid (ALA) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens with the purpose of developing a strategy to prevent the occurrence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat and to improve the meat quality of broilers. At 22 d of age, birds were allocated to 4 ALA treatments (0, 400, 800, and 1200 ppm). The results showed that dietary ALA significantly decreased average feed intake (AFI), average daily gain (ADG), final live body weight (BW) and carcass weight (p<0.05), while no difference in feed conversion ratio (FCR) was detected among chickens fed with and without ALA. Abdominal fat weight significantly decreased (p<0.05) for broilers fed 800 and 1200 ppm ALA. However when calculated as the percentage of carcass weight there was no significant difference between control and ALA treatments. Meat quality measurements showed that dietary ALA regulated postmortem glycolysis and improved meat quality as evidenced by increased muscle pH and decreased drip loss of meat (p<0.05). Although ALA did not change the tenderness of meat as indicated by meat shear force, dietary ALA decreased collagen content and mRNA expression of COL3A1 gene (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that dietary ALA may contribute to the improvement of meat quality in broilers.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.1496-1498
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• 2003

The $(Sr_{0.85}Ca_{0.15})TiO_3$(SCT) thin films were deposited on Pt-coated electrode (Pt/TiN/$SiO_2$/Si) using RF sputtering method according to the deposition condition. The optimum conditions of RF power and Ar/$O_2$ ratio were 140[W] and 80/20, respectively. Deposition rate of SCT thin films was about 18.75[${\AA}/min$] at the optimum condition. The capacitance characteristics had a stable value within ${\pm}4[%]$. The drastic decrease of dielectric constant and increase of dielectric loss in SCT thin films were observed above 200[kHz].

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.196-198
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• 1994

The dielectric and electrical properties of $Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2\3})O_3-PbTiO_3-BaTiO_3$ have been investigated. Perovskite crystalline phase of the specimens are confirmed by XRD at $1270^{\circ}C$. The curie temperature is around $40^{\circ}C$ with the amount of $BaTiO_3$ and $PbTiO_3$. Every specimens shows the slim loop hysteresis curves which is electrostrictive characteristic. The strain vs. applied voltage characteristics exhibits nonlinear relationship, and the specimen of 0.85PMN-0.125PT-0.025BT shows the largest strain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1401-1409
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• 2024

Postbiotics have various functional effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity. Levilactobacillus brevis BK3, the subject of this study, was derived from lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The antioxidant activity of BK3 was confirmed through the measurements of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The wrinkle improvement effect was validated by assessing elastase inhibitory activity and collagenase inhibitory activity. The intracellular activity was confirmed using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human fibroblasts (HFF-1). BK3 protects skin cells from oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ and reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, the expressions of the antioxidant genes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were upregulated. Meanwhile, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), involved in collagen degradation and synthesis, were significantly regulated. These results suggest the possibility of utilizing BK3 as a functional ingredient with antioxidant and wrinkle-improving effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.106-109
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• 2005

The $(Sr_{1-x}Ca_x)TiO_3$(SCT) thin films are deposited on Pt-coated electrode (Pt/TiN/$SiO_2$/Si) using RF sputtering method with substitutional contents of Ca. The optimum conditions of RF power and Ar/$O_2$ ratio were 140[W] and 80/20, respectively. Deposition rate of SCT thin film was about 18.75[$\AA$/min]. The dielectric constant was increased with increasing the substitutional contents of Ca, while it was decreased if the substitutional contents of Ca exceeded over 15[mol%]. The capacitance characteristics had a stable value within ${\pm}4$[%] in temperature ranges of -80~+90[$^{\circ}C$].

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.583-593
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• 1998

The study was carried on the influence of {{{{ { {H }_{3 }BO }_{3 } }} for hydration of blended rapid hardening cement which was composed of {{{{ {{C }`_{4 } ^{ }A }_{3 } }} Adding {{{{ { {H }_{3 }BO }_{3 } }} to the mortar of blended rapid hardening cement delayed the setting time and increased the flow of the mortar. When {{{{ { {H }_{3 }BO }_{3 } }} added to the blended rapid hardening cement mono-sulfate was produced rather than ettringite and the existing time of monosulfate also prolonged. After hours monosulfate was converted to ettringite through being producted like gels. This monosulfate phase in-fluences on the setting time and flow of fresh mortar.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.12-26
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• 1999

A new concept of collision energy absorbing system for ;he New Oil-tankers with Advanced Double Hull Structure(NOAHS and NOAHS II) are presented through the joint-research pro-gran between Inha and Hamburg-Harburg University. A comparative study on col vision resistance of these proposed side structures with standard double hull structure of 310K DWT class VLCC, is carried out. The fatigue investigation of structural detail parts is also included. It contains a comparative fatigue study based on pertinent regulations of Classification Societies.