• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.385-390
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• 1996

General pharmacological properties of urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) following intravenous administration of 1,000,000 units/kg were examined in terms of effects on central nervous system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system in mice, rats and rabbits. Administration of UTI (1,000,000 units/kg, iv) had no effect on central nervous system; no influences on pentobarbital sleeping time, spontaneous activity, normal body temperature, chemoshock produced by pentylenetetrazole solution, writhing syndromes induced by 0.6% acetic acid solution, and motor coordination of mice. The administration of UTI (1,000,000) units/kg, iv) in rats had no effect on systolic blood pressure and pulse rate. UTI (500,000 units/kg, iv) given to anesthetized rabbits showed no effect on respiratory rate. However, it showed significant elevation of respiratory rate at the concentration of 1,000,000 units/kg. Gastric secretion of rat and intestinal motility of mice were not influenced by the dose of 1,000,000 units/kg. In terms of autonomic nervous system, the material did not show direct effect and inhibitory or augmentative action of histamine- or acetylcholine-induced contraction at the concentration of 2,000 units/ml in the isolated ileum of guinea pig.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.427-434
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to examine O serotypes, colicin and hemolysin production. antibiotic susceptibility and haemagglutinating ability to animal erythrocytes among Escherichia coli strains isolated from pigeons in Taegu province. Of the 166 strains isolated, 28 strains (16.9%) were classified into 6 O serotypes and their types were O20(42.9%), O15(17.9%), O139(14.3%), O101(10.7%), O149(7.1%) and O8(7.1%). Of the 166 strains isolated, none was hemolytic and 3(1.8%) were colicinogenic. Antibiotic susceptibility test of Escherichia coli isolates was performed by the agar dilution method, using ampicillin, chloramphnicol, gentamicin, rifampicin, streptomycin (Sm), nalidixic acid, sulfadimethoxine and tetracycline (Tc). Forty four strains (26.5%) were resistant to one or more drugs and the most common resistance patterns were SmTc (27.3%). Of the 44 drug resistant strains, 6 strains haemagglutinated erythrocytes of chicken, guinea pig and 2 of the 6 strains agglutinated goose erythrocytes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.743-750
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• 1999

Bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) were isolated from cattle with respiratory and diarrhea signs as well as persistently infected cattle. These isolates were analysed serologically to characterize serogroups and to compare serological relationship with reference viruses of type I and II. Most isolates from calf diarrheal cases and persistently infected individuals showed a significant difference in cross-neutralization test with the viruses isolated from nasal discharges showing severe respiratory signs. Serologically most of the commercial vaccine strains could be classified into classical BVDV (type I) such as NADL strain. This serological difference among BVDV isolates suggested the need for new vaccines to protect cattle from both respiratory and enteric BVDV infections in field. The immunogenicity of BVDVs which showed a good propagation capability in MDBK cells and high rates of neutralizing activity (isolate : KD26-1, PHG, B5 and 95002) against all viruses used in this study, was confirmed in guinea pig when treated as single or combined groups.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.390-401
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• 1997

In order to investigate the pharmacological properties of New Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (NCL), effects of Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (CL) and NCL were compared. In isolated rat aorta, NCL and CL showed the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10$^{-6}$ M) without regard to intact endothelium or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthermore, the presences of the inhibitor of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not affect the relaxation of NCL and CL. NCL and CL inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), NCL and CL significantly decreased heart rate. NCL and CL, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of LVDP and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In excised guinea-pig papillary muscle, NCL and CL had no effects on parameters of action potential at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. These results suggested that NCL and CL have weak cardiovascular effects with relaxation of blood vessels and decrease of heart rate, and that this effect is no significant differences between two preparations.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-82
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• 2001

The result of studying the pathogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium and S enteritidis isolated from domestic animals in Gyeongbuk province were summarized as follows. In Congo-red binding test, S typhimurium had much more rough types than S enteritidis. In colicin production test, 4 strains of S typhimurium were positive but all of S enteritidis were negative. In hemolysin production test, all of S typhimurium and S enteritidis were negative. In Guinea pig serum resistant test, all of S typhimurium and S enteritidis were positive. As a result of pathogenicity test to mice, 54.4% of mice were died. Therefore, S typhimurium and S enteritidis were considered as highly pathogenic. S typhimurium DT104 and S enteritidis PT4 were more pathogenic to mice than other phage types of same serovar. S typhimurium and S enteritidis were considered not so pathogenic for 6-day-old chickens. The recovery rates of Salmonella stains from mice and chickens inoculated were 96.8%, and 54%, respectively. In chickens, proportional to the time from 2 weeks after challenge inoculation, the recovery rates were noticeably decreased.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1997

본 연구는 체외생산된 소 배반포기배의 inner cell mass (ICM) 세포에서 epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R)의 발현 유무를 immunosurgery와 indirect immunofluorescence (간접 면역 형광방법)을 이용하여 조사하고자 실시하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 ICM 세포는 체외수정 후 7∼8일째에 회수된 소 배반포기배로부터 immunosurgery 방법을 실시하여 얻어졌으며, 회수된 ICM세포는 live/dead 염색방법을 통한 생사 유무와 EGF-R 발현 유무 조사에 공시되었다. 특히, 배반포기배에 대한 immunosurgery를 위해 trophectoderm 세포에 대한 rabbit anti-bovine trophectoderm cell antibody (RABTE)를 제조하여 사용하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. ICM세포의 회수율은 RABTE와 guinea pig serum (complement)에 각각 15∼30분과 15∼60분동안 처리했을 경우 16.7∼74.2%였으며, 또한 처리시간이 각각 30분과 30분일 때 가장 높은 회수율(74.2%)을 얻었다. Immunosurgery 후 얻어진 ICM세포의 생존 유무를 조사하기 위해 live/dead 염색 방법을 이용하였던바, ICM세포의 생존율은 complement가 60분 처리된 군(69.3%)을 제외한 모든 처리군에서 84.0∼91.6%의 높은 생존율을 나타냈다. 또한, 회수된 ICM세포에 대한 EGF-R의 존재를 확인하였다. 따라서, ICM세포에서의 EGF-R의 발현은 인위적으로 첨가된 EGF의 이용 가능성을 높임으로서 체외에서의 착상전 배 발달을 증진시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2006

In murine gastrointestinal myocytes muscarinic stimulation activates nonselective cation channels via a G-protein and $Ca^{2+}$-dependent pathway. We recorded inward cationic currents following application of carbachol ($I_{CCh}$) to murine gastric myocytes held at -60 mV, using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. The properties of the inward cationic currents were similar to those of the nonselective cation channels activated by muscarinic stimulation in other gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells. CCh-induced $I_{CCh}$ and spontaneous decay of $I_{CCh}$ (desensitization of $I_{CCh}$) occurred. Unlike the situation in guinea pig gastric myocytes, desensitization was not affected by varying $[EGTA]_i$. Pretreatment with the PLC inhibitor (U73122) blocked the activation of $I_{CCh}$, and desensitization of $I_{CCh}$ was attenuated in PLC ${\beta}_1$ knock-out mice. These results suggest that the desensitization of $I_{CCh}$ in murine gastric myocytes is not due to a pathway dependent on intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ but to the PLC ${\beta}_1$ pathway.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1984.09a
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• pp.133-140
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• 1984

인체가 방사선에 의해 손상을 받게 되면, 실제적으로 치료, 회복시킨 수 있는 물질은 아직 발견되지 않았다. 이에 저자는 720R의 X-선을 조사시킨 mice에 Oura 등의 방법에 따라 부분 정제한 인삼 추출물을 투여하여 X-선 손상으로부터의 회복능을 검정하였다. 주사한 인삼 추출물의 용량에 의존적으로 30일간의 생존율이 증가하였다. Saline을 주사한 대조군과 인삼 추출물을 주사한 실험군 사이의 생존율의 차이는, 동물 한 마리당 1.8mg을 투여한 실험에서 조차 통계학적으로 유의성을 보였다. (P<0.001) 550R의 X-선을 조사시킨 mice에 인삼 추출물을 투여하면 적혈구와 혈소판의 양적 회복이 촉진되었다. 또한 인삼 추출물중 열에 안정한 분획이 비장이 비대하여지는 것과 같은 부작용이 없어 방사선의 손상으로부터 보호 효과가 있음을 알았다. 이 분획은 mice뿐만 아니라, 반치사량의 X-선을 조사한 rat, guinea pig와 같은 실험동물에 있어서도 30일간의 생존율이 더 연장되므로서 현저한 효과를 보였다. 혈액상태 특히 혈소판의 양적 회복은 열에 안정한 이 분획에 의해서도 촉진되었다. 열에 안정한 분획을 투여한 mice에 있어서 X-선 조사에 의한 출혈이 방지되는데, 이를 매일 매일의 변에서 잠재혈액을 측정함으로써 정량적으로 관찰하였다. 결론적으로, 인삼 투여로 방사선에 의한 치사율이 감소되는데 이의 기전은 혈소판 생성을 촉진시키며, X-선에 의한 출혈을 감소시키기 때문이다.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.1 s.26
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• pp.35-39
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• 1980

In this study, the effects of phenoxybenzamine and related drugs on the action of CCK-PZ and caerulein were examined in isolated gall bladder of guinea pig and higher esophagus strip of fowl. The strips were placed in a bath containing Locke-Ringer solution maintained at $38^{\circ}C$. Oxygen was continuously bubbled through the solution. The contractile response was measured isometrically by a force displacement transducer connected to polygraph. In isolated gall bladder preparation caerulein produced contractile response of CCK-PZ type, but the relative potency on a weight basis was 30 times stronger than CCK-PZ. The response of caerulein or CCK-PZ was not blocked by cholinergic blocking agent and both alpha and beta adrenergic blockades, however, the response of caerulein or CCK-PZ was exceptionally blocked by phenoxybenzamine. In isolated esophagus strip CCK-PZ with high concentration produced marked contraction which was not modified by atropine and other blocking agents, whereas the response was blocked by phenoxybenzamine. These results lead to the conclusion that phenoxybenzamine inherently inhibits the contractile response of CCK-PZ and caerulein on esophagus and other smooth muscle.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 1992

The possibility as an anti-inflammatory drug of Prunus davidiana which have been used in Korean folk medicine for treatment of neuritis and rheumatism was investigated on carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The MeOH extract exhibited potent inhibitory effect on carrageenin-edema rats when topically applicated. On the other hand, it did not show any effect when orally tested. It also had no influences on isolated ileum of guinea pig and anti-platelet aggregating activities. Thus, it appears from the present findings that the MeOH extract of P. davidiana may be utilizable only for the external treatment of inflammed sites. This study was also conducted to further isolation of flavonoids from the EtOAc soluble fraction and characterized as persiconin and isosakuranin by spectrometric analysis.