• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.248-255
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• 2015

Purpose : The purpose of this research is to develop the optimized method and process in the reliability-growth target setting, especially for complex and repairable system (or products) such as vehicle and airplane, construction equipment. Method : A reliability-growth test plan specifies a scenario to achieve the planned reliability value (or reliability target). The major elements in test planning are reliability-growth starting time and reliability level at that time, reliability-growth rate and reliability-growth target. All of them except a reliability target can be referred to the previous development data and reference researches. The reliability target level is directly influencing to test period (or time) which is related to test and warranty cost together. There are a few researches about the reliability target setting method and but showing the limitations to consider the views of engineering, business and customer together. There is no research how to handle the target setting process in detail. Result : We develop the optimized method and systematic process in reliability target setting with considering such views. This research also establish the new concept as production capability which means company (or supplier) capability to product its products. Conclusion : In this research result, we apply the new method to a few projects and can set the reasonable test planning. The developing results is showing the good balance between the developing cost and warranty cost at market.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.175-190
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• 2013

This study considers reliability growth management as the excellent method for construction equipment development with the effect on decreasing COPQ(Cost of Poor Quality Cost) of new products. MIL-HDBK-189A(1981) and RADC-TR-84-20(1984) standards provide a general concept of reliability growth management including to reliability growth test, models and FRACAS(Failure Reporting and Corrective Action System). There is no study how to apply reliability growth management to construction equipment(or machine) development. This paper propose the method to apply it to construction equipment development process from the reliability target setting for developing products to launching them at market. It is expecially showing how to set target reliability for new developing equipment and the development risk to reach the reliability target in detail.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.833-839
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• 2008

Angiogenesis in tumors is driven by multiple growth factors that activate receptor tyrosine kinases. An important driving force of angiogenesis in solid tumors is signaling through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs). Angiogenesis inhibitors that target this signaling pathway are now in widespread use for the treatment of cancer. However, when used alone, inhibitors of VEGF/VEGFR signaling do not destroy all blood vessels in tumors and do not slow the growth of most human cancers. VEGF/VEGFR signaling inhibitors are, therefore, used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy. Additional targets for inhibiting angiogenesis would be useful for more efficacious treatment of cancer. One promising target is the signaling pathway of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor (HGFR, also known as c-Met), which plays important roles in angiogenesis and tumor growth. Inhibitors of this signaling pathway have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in multiple in vitro and in vivo models. The HGF/c-Met signaling pathway is now recognized as a promising target in cancer by inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1-18
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• 2020

Purpose - This study investigates whether a listing effect exists in cross-border M&As and whether the effect can be attributed to the uncertainty of the GDP growth rate in the target firm's home country. We apply a joint variable analysis using M&A announcement data from the Korea Exchange (KRX), Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE), and the Taiwan Stock Exchange (TWSE) from 2004 to 2013. We also conduct an event study using the measure of the uncertainty of the GDP growth rate (based on IMF statistics) in 55 target countries. Design/methodology - We measure the abnormal return (AR) using the market-adjusted model. We test the significance of the AR and the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) using a one-sample t-test. We examine the characteristics of the CARs depending on whether the target company is listed by applying a difference analysis using CAR as a test variable. In addition, we set CAR (-5, +5) as a dependent variable to identify the cause of the listing effect, and test both the financial characteristic variables of the acquirer and the collective characteristic variables of the merger as independent variables in the multiple regression analysis. Findings - First, we find the listing effect of cross-border M&As in the KRX, SSE, and TWSE, which represent the capital markets in Korea, China, and Taiwan, respectively. This listing effect persists during the global financial crisis and has a negative effect on the wealth of acquiring shareholders, especially when the target countries are emerging markets. Second, greater uncertainty regarding the target countries' economic growth in cross-border M&As has a negative effect on the wealth of acquiring firms' shareholders. Third, our empirical analysis demonstrates that the listing effect is attributable to the fact that firms listed in a target country with greater uncertainty of economic growth are more directly and greatly exposed to uncertain capital markets through stock markets, than are unlisted firms. Originality/value - This study is significant in that it presents a new strategic perspective in the study of cross-border M&As by demonstrating empirically that the listing effect is attributable to the uncertainty regarding the economic development of the target firms' home countries.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2013

The five-year survival for patients with gastric cancer improved only modestly over the last 50 years. So, several studies about molecular target chemotherapy were investigated. We reviewed about molecular target chemotherapy for advanced unresectable and metastatic gastric cancer, which has developed recently. EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor), HER (Human epidermal growth factor receptor), VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor) can be the target of therapy for gastric cancer. Patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who are potential candidates for trastuzumab should have their tumors assayed for the presence of HER2 overexpression utilizing tumor-specific criteria and/or gene amplification. We suggest the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive tumors (as defined by 3+ immunohistochemical staining or FISH positivity), as long as they do not have a contraindication to trastuzumab. Except for trastuzumab, we summarized several studies for molecular target agents which were not validated yet.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.186-193
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• 2018

Background: The aim of our study was to review the findings of health insurance fraud investigations and to evaluate their impacts on medical costs for target and non-target organizations. An interrupted time series study design using generalized estimation equations was used to evaluate changes in cost following fraud investigations. Methods: We used National Health Insurance claims data from 2009 to 2015, which included 20,625 medical institutions (1,614 target organizations and 19,011 non-target organizations). Outcome variable included cost change after fraud investigation. Results: Following the initiation of fraud investigations, we found statistically significant reductions in cost level for target organizations (-1.40%, p<0.001). In addition, a reduction in cost trend change per month was found for both target organizations and non-target organizations after fraud investigation (target organizations, -0.33%; non-target organizations of same region, -0.19%; non-target organizations of other regions, -0.17%). Conclusion: This study suggested that fraud investigations are associated with cost reduction in target organization. We also found similar effects of fraud investigations on health expenditure for non-target organizations located in the same region and in different regions. Our finding suggests that fraud investigations are important in controlling the growth of health expenditure. To maximize the effects of fraud investigation on the growth of health expenditure, more organizations needed to be considered as target organizations.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2018

Purpose: To develop the reliability growth planning for a subsystem of guided weapon system using PM2-Continuous model. Methods: The target MTBF of the subsystem is set by allocating the system target MTBF to the lower level, where ARINC method is applied. Other model parameters such as initial MTBF, management strategy ratio and average fix effectiveness factor are chosen from historical growth parameter estimates. Given the values of model parameters, the reliability growth planning curve using PM2-Continuous model is constructed and the sensitivity analyses are performed for the changes of model parameters. Results: We have developed the reliability growth plan for a subsystem of guided weapon system using PM2-Continuous model. It was found that the smaller the ratio of initial MTBF to target MTBF, the smaller the management strategy ratio, the smaller the average fix effectiveness factor, and the shorter the development test period, the higher reliability growth is required. Conclusion: The result of this study will be used as a basis for establishing the reliability growth plan, the test period setting and the budget appropriation for the similar system entering the system development stage in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.462-462
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• 2013

Gallium Oxide (Ga2O3) has been widely investigated for the optoelectronic applications due to its wide bandgap and the optical transparency. Recently, with the development of fabrication techniques in nanometer scale semiconductor materials, there have been an increasing number of extensive reports on the synthesis and characterization of Ga2O3 nano-structures such as nano-wires, nanobelts, and nano-dots. In contrast to typical vaporliquid-solid growth mode with metal catalysts to synthesis 1-dimensional nano-wires, there are several difficulties in fabricating the nanostructures by using sputtering techniques. This is attributed to the fact that relatively low growth temperatures and higher growth rate compared with chemical vapor deposition method. In this study, Ga2O3 chestnut burr were synthesized by using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method. In contrast to typical sputtering method with sintered ceramic target, a Ga2O3 powder (99.99% purity) was used as a sputtering target. Several samples were prepared with varying the growth parameters, especially he growth time and the growth temperature to investigate the growth mechanism. Samples were characterized by using XRD, SEM, and PL measurements. In this presentation, the details of fabrication process and physical properties of Ga2O3 nano chestnut burr will be reported.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5663-5669
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• 2013

The histone methyltransferase EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2) plays critical roles in prostate cancer (PCa) development and is a potential target for PCa treatment. Triptolide possesses anti-tumor activity, but it is unknown whether its therapeutic effect relates with EZH2 in PCa. Here we described EZH2 as a target for Triptolide in PCa cells. Our data showed that Triptolide suppressed PCa cell growth and reduced the expression of EZH2. Overexpression of EZH2 attenuated the Triptolide induced cell growth inhibition. Moreover, Triptolide treatment of PC-3 cells resulted in elevated mRNA levels of target genes (ADRB2, CDH1, CDKN2A and DAB2IP) negatively regulated by EZH2 as well as reduced mRNA levelsan of EZH2 positively regulated gene (cyclin D1). Our findings suggest the PCa cell growth inhibition mediated by Triptolide might be associated with downregulation of EZH2 expression and the subsequent modulation of target genes.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.57-61
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• 2006

Growth possibility is big to culture tourism resources and representative tourist resort of the Korea that use view of nature photon circle properly such as ceramics that target area possesses. Area development plan through growth possibility should be arranged to international ceramics production complex and distribution complex. Therefore, Marketing analyzing future district theme establishment and strength in priority via past and present of target area.