• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2016

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with an increased risk of developing upper gastrointestinal tract diseases. However, treatment failure is a major cause of concern mainly due to possible recurrence of infection, the side effects, and resistance to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the activities of Centella asiatica leaf extract (CAE) against H. pylori both in vitro and in vivo. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against 55 clinically isolated strains of H. pylori were tested using an agar dilution method. The MICs of CAE ranged from 0.125 mg/mL to 8 mg/mL, effectiveness in inhibiting H. pylori growth was 2 mg/mL. The anti-H. pylori effects of CAE in vivo were also examined in H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice. CAE was orally administrated once daily for 3 weeks at doses of 50 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg. CAE at the 50 mg/kg dose significantly reduced H. pylori colonization in mice gastric mucosa. Our study provides novel insights into the therapeutic effects of CAE against H. pylori infection, and it suggests that CAE may be useful as an alternative therapy.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Objectives: To find out the effects GGT1, an antiobestic drug widely used clinics, has on the amount of feed intake, the amount of change in the body weight and the food efficiency ratio using the data from the hGHTg obese male rats. Also, to evaluate in terms of antiobestic effects, the difference between GGT1 and reductil (sibutramine), which has been approved by the FDA of the United States. Methods: We measured the change in body weight and the amount of feed intake for 8 weeks by categorizing the hGHTg obese male rats into three groups: the control group, the GGT1 group, and the reductil (RD) group. We also evaluated the antiobestic effect by calculating the food efficiency ratio, which is the increase of bodyweight divided by the amount of feed intake. Results: In case of body weight, moderate slope of the curve in the graph of GGT1 group could mean that the weight is decreasing as time flows. In case of food efficiency ratio, the p-value was 0.745 in a test for determining if an interaction exists between the group and the point of measurement, meaning that it does not exist; also, the p-value in a test for the effect of level of repetition in food efficiency ratio according to the point of measurement equaled 0.002. Conclusion: The drug-treated groups had a greater inhibitory effect in feed intake than the control group. The results showed the food efficiency ratio had a tendency to decrease. The GGT1 group in particular was under a greater effect than the RD group.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.146-164
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• 2024

Owing to the residual toxicity and adverse health effects of chemical preservatives, there is an increasing demand for using natural preservatives in food. Although many natural extracts have been evaluated, research on their antibacterial effects remains insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the possibility of developing Psidium guajava, Ecklonia cava, and Paeonia japonica (Makino) Miyabe & Takeda extracts as natural food preservatives. Further, the effect of mixing these extracts on microbial growth and quality was evaluated during the refrigeration of sausages. Optimal mixing ratios were determined based on the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of each mixed extract against the Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli. D-optimal mixing design optimization tool was further used to obtain an optimum mixing ratio of Formulation 1 (F1). The antibacterial activity of F1 increased with increasing concentration, with similar activities at 0.5% and 1%. The sausages with synthetic or natural preservatives showed significantly lower lipid oxidation than those of the control and grapefruit extract-treated sausages after 4 wk of refrigeration. Total plate counts were observed only in the control and treatment groups stored for 3 wk, and no significant effect of ascorbic acid was observed. Compared to the other samples, sausages with added natural extracts showed the highest overall acceptability scores initially and after 4 wk. Therefore, similar amounts of grapefruit seed and natural extracts had the same effect on microbiological analysis and lipid rancidity during sausage storage. Hence, this mixture can serve as a potential natural preservative in meat products.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2004

Objective : The aim of this work is to investigate the antibacterial activity of the essential oil obtained from Artemisia capillaris (A. capillaris), as the development of microbial resistance to antibiotics make it necessary to constantly look for new and active compounds effective against pathogenic bacteria. Methods : The crushed materials of A. capillaris (1 kg) were subjected to steam distillation for 3 h, using a modified Clevenger type apparatus in order to obtain essential oil. Diethyl ether was the extracting solvent kept at 25°.... The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The essential oil and the composition were tested for antimicrobial activities against 15 different genera of oral bacteria. Results and Conclusion : The components of the essential oil identified were: β-pinene (9.36%), camphor (3.32%), 1,8­cineole (4.38%), artemisia alcohol (3.32%), β-caryophyllene (11.08%), γ-cadinene (4.23%), and capillene (32.74%). The essential oil of A. capillaris exhibited considerable inhibitory effects against all oral bacteria tested, while their major components demonstrated various degrees of growth inhibition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4815-4822
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• 2012

Invasion and metastasis are the major causes of cancer-related death. Pharmacological or therapeutic interventions such as chemoprevention of the progression stages of neoplastic development could result in substantial reduction in the incidence of cancer mortality. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a promising chemopreventive agent, has attracted extensive interest for cancer therapy utilizing its antioxidant, anti-proliferative and inhibitory effects on angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion. In this study, we assessed the influence of EGCG on the proliferative potential of HeLa cells by cell viability assay and authenticated the results by nuclear morphological examination, DNA laddering assay and cell cycle analysis. Further we analyzed the anti-invasive properties of EGCG by wound migration assay and gene expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in HeLa cells. Our results indicated that EGCG induced growth inhibition of HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It was observed that cell death mediated by EGCG was through apoptosis. Interestingly, EGCG effectively inhibited invasion and migration of HeLa cells and modulated the expression of related genes (MMP-9 and TIMP-1). These results indicate that EGCG may effectively suppress promotion and progression stages of cervical cancer development.

• BMB Reports
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.599-600
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• 2017

Many studies have focused on the tumor suppressive role of $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling during the early stages of tumorigenesis by activating the target genes involved in cytostasis and apoptosis. We investigated the effects of $TGF-{\beta}$ inhibition on early tumorigenesis in the liver, by employing diverse inhibitory methods. Strikingly, $TGF-{\beta}$ inhibition consistently suppressed hepatic tumorigenesis that was induced either by activated RAS plus p53 downregulation or by the co-activation of RAS and TAZ signaling; this demonstrates the requirements for canonical $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling in tumorigenesis. Moreover, we found that Snail is the target gene of the $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling pathway that promotes hepatic carcinogenesis. The knockdown of Snail suppressed the early tumorigenesis in the liver, as did the $TGF-{\beta}$ inhibition, while the ectopic expression of Snail restored tumorigenesis that was suppressed by the $TGF-{\beta}$ inhibition. Our findings establish the oncogenic $TGF-{\beta}$-Smad-Snail signaling axis during the early tumorigenesis in the liver.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2018

Purpose : The study objective was to assess the antibacterial activity of essential oil of basil against S. mutans and P. gingivalis and to explore its potential to prevent dental caries and peridontal disease. Method : Essential oil of basil, extracted using steam distillation, was diluted with triple distilled water and Tween 20 to generate samples at various concentration, that is 30%, 50%, and 70% (v/v). Strains of S. mutans and P. gingivalis were incubated in the medium under anaerobic condition. Broth microdilution susceptibility testing and plate incubation diffusion were utilized to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and to measure antibacterial activity, respectively. Result : An upsurge in antibacterial activity was seen to correlate with and increase in the concentration used for both bacterial strains, but was more significant with S. mutans. A statistically significant growth inhibition effect and reduction in the number of colonies was also observed with both strains dependent on the concentration used following 24 hours of incubation. Conclusion : Thus, the current study finding was that essential oil of basil was effective against dental caries and periodontal disease and could be used in dentifrice to help prevent oral disease.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.159-163
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• 1991

합성 식물생장조절제인 dimethipin의 작용기작을 밝히고자 보리 무배부 종자 시스템에서 gibberellic acid(GA3)에 의해 유도되는 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 활성에 미치는 dimethipin의 영향을 조사하였다. Dimethipin은 mRNA와 단백질 함량 및 GA3에 의해 유도되는 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 활성을 뚜렷하게 억제하였다. 그러나 억제효과는 GA3 처리 후 dimethipin 첨가시간 간격이 커질수록 점점 감소하였다. Dimethipin을 GA3 처리후 18시간 이내에 첨가하였을 때 mRNA 함량증가를 억제하였다: 그러나 GA3 처리 18시간 경과 후에 첨가하였을 경우에도 수용성 단백질 함량 및 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 활성 증가를 억제하였다. 이러한 결과로 미루어보아 dimethipin은 mRNA 합성과 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 단백질 합성을 공히 억제하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1106-1109
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• 2008

The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of white ginseng extract (WGE) were investigated in vitro in this study. The antimicrobial effects of WGE toward H. pylori strains 52 J99, SSI, and 51 were tested using the disk diffusion method. Among these H. pylori strains, H. pylori 52 was the most sensitive, having the largest inhibition zone (19 mm), followed by J99, SSI, and 51. The zone of inhibition due to WGE increased significantly with increasing dosage. The cytotoxicity of WGE toward the human cancer cell lines A-549 (human lung carcinoma), HEC-1-B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human uterin adenocarcinoma), and SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylate-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. WGE exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell growth at 2.0 mg/mL for all tumor cell lines. An analysis of anti-inflammatory activity using the RAW 264.7 cell line showed that the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production increased as the WGE content increased. These results demonstrate the potential of WGE to be used as a health-promoting substance.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.286-292
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• 2008

Strawberry is widely consumed in diet and has been attracted much attention due to its potential for human health benefits. Strawberry contains a diverse range of phytochemicals but the biological activities with molecular mechanisms are poorly elucidated yet. In this study, the effects of the extracts of strawberry (Maehyang cultivar) on antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiproliferative potential against various cancer cells were investigated. The strawberry extracts (SE) of Maehyang cultivar showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. In addition, SE inhibited the growth of human colon (HCT-116), lung (A549), stomach (SNU-638) and fibrosarcoma (HT-1080) cancer cells. The strawberry extracts also exhibited the inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production and suppressed LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and mRNA expression in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. These findings suggest that the strawberry extracts (Maehyang cultivar) might have antioxidant, antiinflammotry, and anticancer activities.