• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2018

'Yeoreumhyang1ho' - a new variety of Flammulina velutipes, light brown in color and adaptable to high temperature - was bred by mating two monokaryons isolated from 'Garlmoe' and 'Konkuk1ho'. It exhibited better quality compared to 'Geumhyang' and 'Garlmoe' under conditions where temperature was maintained at $16^{\circ}C$, without exposure to low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$), during the cultivation period. Bottle cultivation at $16^{\circ}C$ required 22, 6, and 10 days for mycelial growth, primordia formation, and growth of the fruit body, respectively. The total cultivation period for 'Yeoreumhyang1ho' was observed to be 38 days, which is 3 and 7 days shorter than that for 'Geumhyang' and 'Garlmoe', respectively. The primordia formation showed remarkable uniformity and the pileus color was observed to be light brown, an intermediate between yellowish ivory of 'Geumhyang' and medium brown of 'Garlmoe'. The yield was 138 g per 850 ml bottle, which was 10% higher than that of 'Geumhyang'.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: The scab, which is caused by Venturia nashicola, gives serious damages to pear trees. 'Niitaka' accounts for 82% of areas in pear cultivation. However 'Niitaka' is a scab susceptible cultivar. So, most of Korean farmers who growing pear trees have suffered by economic losses with the scab. In this research, we evaluated the scab resistance among elite pear seedlings to clarify genetics about the scab resistance. And we analyzed photosynthetic features with these seedlings to develop suitable cultivar which is advantageous for producing quality fruits during the growth and development of plants. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured the rates of scab incidence among seedlings in a field experiment condition and an in-vitro test. An in-vitro test has been done with field experiment-based results. We made plant materials by grafting branches of each seedlings with 'Kongbae' rootstocks. And they had been grown for one month. Then, scab conidia suspension is sprayed to seedlings and sustained for 40 days under the controlled environment. As the results, 6 seedlings displayed lower incidence rates than other seedlings and 'Niitaka'. We also measured instant photosynthetic rates of each seedlings to determine the correlation between photosynthetic rates and fruit characteristics. However, it seemed that there is no correlation between them. CONCLUSION(S): Among the seedlings, 6 seedlings displayed the higher resistance to scab than other seedlings and 'Niitaka'. This characteristics is considered to be come from the gene expression of European pear. And we found that photosynthetic rate in trees rarely does not influence the fruit characteristics. It is considered to be affected by cultivar's own characteristics.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.361-374
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• 2022

For this study, we designed and produced mulberry low-fat ice cream supplemented with synbiotics (MLF-ISS). The sensory characteristics and physical, chemical, and microbiological qualities of MLF-ISS were then determined. Mulberry juice inoculated with or without probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 926 and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745) was also tested at 37℃ for 24 h to determine probiotic growth rate, pH, total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (AA). Only the TAC of mulberry juice inoculated with S. boulardii CNCM I-745 increased considerably (p < 0.05) among these parameters. MLF-ISS was produced with varied mulberry fruit concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, or 40%) (w/w). The MLF-ISS prepared with 30% mulberry fruit (w/w) (30-MLF-ISS) had a higher score in appearance, color, and sweetness (p < 0.05) when sensory qualities were measured using the 9-point hedonic scale method. In the CIE lab system (L^*, a^*, b^*), the color values of 30-MLF-ISS were 27.80 ± 0.26, 12.99 ± 0.59, and 1.43 ± 0.05, respectively. The 30-MLF-ISS was also subjected to a proximate analysis. The melting rate of 30-MLF-ISS was 0.29 ± 0.03 g/min and the time it took for the first drop to fall was 37.00 ± 7.00 min. TAC, TPC, and AA of 30-MLF-ISS were observed to alter significantly (p < 0.05) during varied intervals of storage at - 18℃ (0, 30, and 60 days). The viability of probiotics in 30-MLF-ISS slightly decreased after storage at -18℃ for 8 weeks, but remained about 6 log CFU/g. During storage at -18℃ for 0 and 120 days, no pathogenic bacteria were detected in 30-MLF-ISS. These findings show that 30-MLF-ISS has nutritional and functional value, is free of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, is safe for consumers' health, and is suitable for application in the ice cream and related food industries.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2009

Cultivation characteristics of 12 strains of cauliflower mushroom (Sparassis crispa) collected in Korea were investigated by growing the mushroom on sawdust medium of Larix kaempferi. As cultivation characteristics, incubation period for full growth of mycelium in a cultivation bottle, cultivation time period taken for first harvest, and mushroom color and yield were examined. S. crispa KFRI 723 showed the shortest for incubation period with 59 days while S. crispa KFRI 746 showed the longest with 94 days. The earliest mushroom harvesting was achieved by 29 days from S. crispa KFRI 746 and the latest was by 63 days from S. crispa KFRI 691. The colors of fruit body of the tested strains can be divided into three groups; S. crispa KFRI 700 was white, S. crispa KFRI 747 was yellow brown, and the others were light yellowish. KFRI 700 yielded the most as 163 g from 380 g sawdust media, while KFRI 746 and KFRI 747 were the lowest with 58 g and 35 g, respectively. As results of cultivation characteristics of 12 strains of cauliflower mushroom, we consider that three strains (KFRI 700, 723 and 724) of S. crispa are suitable for sawdust cultivation on L. kaempferi in the aspects of mycelial growth period, harvesting period and mushroom production, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.88-91
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• 2006

Attempts were made to investigate the conditions of mycelia of one low-temperature type strain and one high-temperature type strain of shiitake showing poor fruit-body formation in bed-log, and to survey harmful microorganisms formed on the log surface in Gapyung County, Korea. When tested the growing ability of mycelia, the low-temperature type strain showed ca. 1.1% decrease compared with preserved original strain. And, the high-temperature type one showed ca. 8.0% decrease. The growth of isolated mycelia was tested in sawdust medium. The high-temperature type strain showed ca. 10.8% decrease compared with original strain, and the low-temperature type one showed ca. 25.1% decrease. Weight reduction rate was investigated. The high-temperature strain showed ca. 20.1% decrease and the low-temperature one ca. 19.0%. When compared with non-treatment, original high-temperature type strain showed 107.0% decrease, the isolated high-temperature type strain 49.5%, original low-temperature type one 85.4%, isolated low-temperature type one 50.0%. As the results of confrontation culture, the high-temperature type strain and the low-temperature type one were same as the original ones, respectively. And, in the bed-logs, Hypoxylon truncatum, Coriolus versicolor, Inonotus xeranticus, Daedaleopsis tricolor, Graphostroma platystoma, two species of Myxomycetes, Trichoderma sp. Hypoxylon fragiforme, H. howeianum, and Nitschkia confertula were observed as harmful microorganisms, and the bed-logs were not in good condition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.3
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• pp.316-322
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• 2006

This study was conducted to examine the changes of seed characteristics and germination properties and to determine the most suitable collection time in Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Seeds were collected six times with the interval of seven days after April 21, 2005 at Jeong-seon. There were differences in seed characteristics and germination properties among seed collection times. The sizes of seed and fruit increased with the collection time, but seed moisture contents decreased with the collection time after increasing until May 5. The 1,000 seeds weight decreased with the collection time after increasing until May 12. Collection time showed high positive correlations (r=0.790, p<0.01) with seed size and negative correlations (r=-0.919, p<0.01) with moisture contents. Percent germination (PG) presented the highest value in seeds collected at May 5, and decreased with the collection time. Mean germination time(MGT), germination speed(GS), and germination performance index(GPI) also showed the highest values in seeds collected at May 5. PG, MGT, and GS had correlations with other seed characteristics except the 1,000 seed weight. The relative growth rate of height and root collar diameter of seedlings presented the highest values in seedling germinated from seed collected at May 5, and seedlings germinated from seeds collected at May 5 and 12 showed the highest values in chlorophyll contents. Consequently it will be possible to product a number of seedlings when the seeds of U. davidiana var. japonica are collected just before drying morphologically.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

This study was done to obtain their morphological traits to analyse genetic diversity and intraspecific relationship of 47 Polygonatum species collected from Gyeongnam province. Plant height was the highest in P. thunbergii but the shortest in P. involucratum. Growth habit and its colors were classified to 3 groups, respectively. Leaf shapes were sorted to 5 groups including lanceolate with petiole or none, petiole colors were done to 3 groups including a species having dark green leaves of purple colored margin. Flower shapes were divided as 3 groups of urceolate, tubular and gourd shapes, and its colors were white, greenish white and light green, especially light green in a species with gourd shape. Filament shapes were two types of flatness and cylinder. Peduncle color and bract attached below it showed 4 types, respectively. Fruit shapes were sorted to 3 groups. In 100-fruit weights P. ordoratum var. pluriflorum showed the greatest but P. involucratum did the least. Two species were completely resistant to leaf brightness although 7 species showed less than 7 % infection rates. Rhizome yields ranged from 4.4 g to 94.8 g per plant, showing their significant variation. In correlation analysis between 9 major characters, rhizome yield per plant was positively correlated with plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number, leaf length and width, and rhizome diameter but leaf brightness was negatively done with plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number and length, 100-seed weight, rhizome yield per plan and rhizome diameter.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.24 no.1 s.76
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• pp.67-80
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• 1996

Eleven fruit bodies of Ganoderma sp. were collected from eight locations throughout the forest of Kangwon province and Kyunggi province in Korea. The hosts in forest were cut trunks of Quercus dentata, Q. variabilis, Prunus peria and Alnus japonica that was newly surveyed but 5 isolates were collected at the farms of Ganoderma mushroom. Most fruit bodies were formed solitarily on the cut trunks but GS-106 isolate grown in crowds on cut trunk of Alnus japonica. Optimal temperature ranges for isolates of species studied were: G. applanatum $28^{\circ}C{\sim}30^{\circ}C$, G. lucidum $28{\sim}30^{\circ}C$, G. neo-japonicum $28^{\circ}C$, and G. tsuage $26^{\circ}C$ and all the species grew slowly at the $32^{\circ}C$. Hamada medium adjusted with pH 5.4 and 6.2 is better than other media for mycelial growth. Mycelial morphological characteristics of six species were studied: G. applanatum, G. lucidum and G. neo-japonicum produced typical type of staghoru hyphae but G. oregonens and G. valeosiacum produced staghoru hyphae with a branch of grape form. Clamp connection was observed on hypha of G. applanatum, G. lucidum, G. oregonense and G. valeosiacum except G. neo-japonicum with node type. Chlamydospore was produced by G. applanatum, G. neo-japonicum. and cuticular cells were present on hyphae of G. lucidum, G. neo-japonicum, G.oregonense and G. tsugae.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.88-95
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• 2021

This study was carried out to breed new variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and abroad since 2015. The varieties of P. nebrodensis from China are grown by farmers, but those have been unstable fruiting and are weak against bacterial diseases. To solve this problem, we bred the unique domestic variety 'Uram' of P. nebrodensis and the results of the characteristic test for the new 'Uram' are as follows. The proper temperature for the mycelial growth was 26~29℃ and fruit body growth temperature was 15~18℃. It was similar to the control variety KME65035 of P. nebrodensis in the pileus form of a flat and white color. The number of days required for initial fruting was 5 days for bottle cultivation and 6 days for bag cultivation which was 2-4 days shorter than that of the control variety. The pileus diameter was 32.6-37.0 mm which was smaller but the fruit body length was 130.4 mm, which was longer than those of the control variety. The effective number of fruit bodies was 1.8 in bottle cultivation and 2.9 in bag cultivation, which was more than those of the control variety. The yield rate was 93.3-100%, which was more stable than those of the control variety. In bottle cultivation and bag cultivation, the yield was 173.1 g/bottle (1100 cc) and 283.4 g/bag (1.2 kg), respectively, which was 25-44% higher than those of the control variety 138.0 g/bottle (1100 cc) and 197.4 g bag (1.2 kg). When incubating the parent and control varieties of 'Uram', the replacement line was clear and as a result of mycelial DNA RAPD-PCR reaction, the band pattern was different from that of the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.228-233
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• 2017

Six commercial rootstock varieties were tested for resistance to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) by dipping the roots of seedlings in the bacterial suspension at seedling stage. 'Shincheonggang' and 'B-Blocking' ranked top and second in resistance to bacterial wilt, respectively. For disease index of the grafted plants, 'Dotaerang' grafted onto 'Shincheonggang' was the least, followed by 'Ultra', 'Fighting', 'B-Blocking', 'Special', and 'Connection' grafts. Thus, disease development on the grafted plants was correlated with resistance of rootstocks. The effect of rootstocks on horticultural characteristics including days to flower of scion was minimum or negligible. In correlation between horticultural characteristics of rootstocks and scions grafted thereon, statistically significant negative correlation was observed in days to flower and fruit height but no significant correlation was observed in yield per plant, fruit diameter and soluble solid content in the fruits. Thus, selection of resistant rootstock varieties that support the growth and yield of scion well is necessary for effective control of the disease and yield increase.