• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.929-934
• /
• 2001

As the notion of environment protection changes throughout the world, construction engineers, as part of the effort to resolve environmental problems, have been actively doing research on environmental friendly porous concrete using large and non-uniform aggregate. Concrete having a great deal of continuous porosity enable water and air to pass freely through firmly hardened material, allowing necessary nutrients to reach roots of vegetation, thereby sustaining them. It is possible to prevent the exhaustion of natural resources by recycling waste concrete and industrial by-products, to reduce damage caused by the destruction of nature through effective management of natural resources, to preserve the natural environment and vegetation in urban areas by activating the soil, protecting the underground ecology system, and growing garden plants through the application of environmentally friendly concrete.

• Korean Management Science Review
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.175-187
• /
• 2000

The stochastic vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a problem of growing importance since it includes a reality that the deterministic VRP does not have. The stochastic VRP arises whenever some elements of the problem are random. Common examples are stochastic service quantities and stochastic travel times. The solution methodologies for the stochastic VRP are very intricate and regarded as computationally intractable. Even heuristics are hard to develope and implement. On possible way of solving it is to apply a solution for the deterministic VRP. This paper presents a performance evaluation of four simple heuristic for the deterministic VRP is a stochastic environment. The heuristics are modified to consider the time window constraints. The computational results show that some of them perform very well in different cases of the stochastic VRP.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 1985

To examine the effects of air pollution on Pinus thunbergii growing around Yocheon Industrial Complex, evaluation of visible injury based on Injury Index and chemical analysis of water-soluble sulfur and fluorine contents in needles were carried out on 30 sampling sites. Histological responses of needles were also investigated on the necrotic needle tissues. Not only Injury Index but water-soluble sulfur and fluorine contents were higher at all sites than those at control site, and showed significant correlationship among them. Especially, they were rather higher in the vicinity of air pollutants sources. Water-soluble sulfur contents were positively correlated with average atomospheric $SO_3$ concentrations. Microscopic examination of necrotic needle tissues showed that mesophyll cells were collapsed with hypertrophy and collapse of transfusion cells.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 1997

The research described in this paper was conducted to estimate the stability and heat budget in planetary boundary layer (PBL) at Kimhae. The upper air observation was carried out during period from 3 Februsry 1993 to 5 February 1993 at Kimhae. The surface observation data used the one during period from 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995. The maximum height of inversion layer observed at Kimhae was 310 m. Destruction of the inversion was simultaneously occurred at the surface and the mid-layer (200 $\sim$ 300 m), however the origin of destruction is different each other. The surface inversion is destructed by surface heating owing to growing radiation in surface but disappearance of the mid-layer inversion is related to the upper cold air movement.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2005

As Real Time Enterprise (RTE) has been spotlighted since the year of 2002, some advanced companies have been implementing the paradigm of RTE to its legacy systems and the number of the companies has been growing. However, the network infrastructures mainly based on fixed telecommunications network make the results of the RTE implementations fall short of their expectations. In this paper, we propose to construct the fixed-mobile convergence (FMC) environment to achieve RTE. The convergence infrastructure will improve user accessibility to all kinds of data and will encourage the users to interact with the systems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.14-22
• /
• 2011

The artificial lights to be introduced for the plant factories is requiring the artificial light resources with minimizing the energy consumption to reduce the greenhouse gases which is a major cause of global warming, and maximizing the efficiency in photosynthesis effect light-wave range, in which the plants can be greatly grown and developed, and having the signal light-wave range for forming the light types. the best growing and developing environment for the plants has recently realized with utilizing the LED(Lighting Emitting Diode) lamps, as a environment-friendly green lamps, which can elevating the light efficiency with using only the specific light wave range. In this study, to provide the necessary lights for the full artificial light type of the plant factory, the following research/study and experiments has been conducting. experiments of the spectrum for each light sources, and LED, The intensity of illumination, Irradiance, Photosynthesis Photon Flux Density.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2017

With the growing importance of GHG reduction, wood pellets are considered as a cheaper renewable energy and carbon neutral. On the other hand, there is a concern that the burning wood pellets may release even more air pollutants such as CO and VOCs. In this study, we analyzed the social costs of burning fuels including wood pellets and coals based on the unit calorific value. The social costs were calculated by sum of the import costs of the fuels and the emission costs of the air pollutants. The results showed that wood pellets are inferior to coals in the aspect of the social costs. It is necessary to improve the quality of the wood pellets and pellet boiler facilities for being used eco-friendly energy sources in the future. We suggest that the control facilities of CO and VOCs should be installed, if the control costs are lower than the pollution costs.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to suggest an environmentally friendly energy system of ecological architecture, with the reference to foreign cases, judge feasibility of it. The ecological architecture is very similar to the natural ecosystem. There is growing international scientific consensus that human activities are having a discernible effect on the global climate. Therefore, with a precise understanding of the concept of ecological approach and concrete perception of the necessity it, an establishment of planning which recognizes the ecological architecture as a organism a same time, ensures diversity, stability and cycling stemmed from the ecosystem to various activities through a ecological structure shall bring the introduction of substantial ecological architecture into domestic realm. As a result, in this Age of industrial science, We are proposing useful materials and suggestion regarding the ecological architecture planning of korean cities, by preestimating the characteristics of a city heading toward the Age of the new ecological environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
• /
• 1995.10a
• /
• pp.71-73
• /
• 1995

시금치는 명아주과로서 고온 장일 조건하에서 추대가 촉진되고 고온에는 극히 생육이 약하여 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되면 생육장해나 병충해가 만연한다. 이러한 생육특성으로 고온, 건조, 장일과 같은 불량 환경조건이 가중되는 여름철 수확재배는 대단히 어렵다. 따라서 매년 여름철에 입하되는 양은 절대적으로 부족하며 그 중에서도 특히 7월-9월에는 대단히 고가이다. 본 실험은 여름철 평지에서도 양질의 시금치를 대량생산할 수 있는 기술 확립을 위한 연구로 여름철 온실의 재배시기별 차광효과를 구명코자 실시하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
• /
• 2000.10b
• /
• pp.40-43
• /
• 2000

참외의 시설재배면적이 증가함에 따라 재배기술과 소득은 향상되었으나 동일한 시설 내에서 같은 작물을 연작하고, 연중재배하므로써 연작장해가 많이 발생하고 있다(박 등, 1988). 연작장해의 주요 요인으로는 토양양분의 소모, 토양양분의 질적 악화, 토양반응 및 토양물리성의 악화, 독소의 집적, 토양병해충을 비롯한 유해 토양미생물의 증가 등을 들 수 있다(이, 1996). 특히 우리나라 시설재배지에서는 무기양분이 노지처럼 유실되지 않고 토양에 잔존해 있기 때문에 염류의 집적이 노지보다 많은데도 불구하고 다량의 가축분이나 무기양분을 과다시비하므로써 염류집적이 가중되고 있다. (중략)