• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.659-670
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify effects of the Active Parenting Today (APT) program based on King's Goal Attainment Theory on parenting stress, parenting behavior, and parenting satisfaction in mothers of school-age children. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-post test design. Participants were 39 mothers of school-age children (19 in the experiment group and 20 in the control group) who were registered at two community children centers in G city. The experimental group received the APT program (2 hours/session/week) and telephone counseling (2 times/week) for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, Fisher exact probability test, and ANCOVA with the SPSS/Win15.0 program. Results: Parenting stress was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Positive parenting behavior and parenting satisfaction were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. However, negative parenting behavior was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the APT program based on King's Goal Attainment Theory is useful in reducing parenting stress, creating positive parenting behavior change, and promoting parenting satisfaction in mothers of school-age children.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.659-681
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze factors that influence farm managers' intentions to use an agricultural farm management information systems. It focused on "LFcenter System," a leading information system operated by the Rural Development Administration for farm management. Participants of this study are classified into two groups: a group of leading farm managers and a group fo regular farm managers. A total of 192 survey samples on users' intentions are collected; 85 samples from leading farm managers and 107 from regular farm managers. The theoretical background of this study is developed based on Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA), Technology Acceptance Model(TAM), Diffusion of Innovation(DOI), Social Cognitive Theory(SCT), and Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB). Partial Least Squares(PLS) method is used to test a proposed Structural Equation Model(SEM), including nine hypotheses. The differences between two groups are investigated using Smith-Satterthwait test. The findings from this study are: First of all, in terms of average comparison of most variables used in this study, a group of leading farm managers shows higher value that the other group in most cases. Second, hypothesis tests how that "subjective norms", "goal to study", "perceived usefulness", "perceived enjoyment", and "intention to use" significantly influence the intention to use an agricultural management information system in the group of leading farm managers. However, "subjective norms", "goal to study", "perceived ease of use", "perceived usefulness", "perceived enjoyment", and "intention to use" turned out to significantly influence the intention to use an agricultural management information system in the group of regular farms managers. Based on the results of Smith-Satterthwait test, compared with a group of leading farms managers, the impact of "goal to study" on "intention to use" is significantly stronger. On the other hand, in the group of leading farms managers, "perceived usefulness" and "perceived enjoyment" turned out to be main drivers of "intention to use."

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.211-230
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using the play with multiplication activities based on Skemp's theory for mathematics achievements and attitudes toward mathematics of elementary school students. For this study, we rearranged Skemp's play activities according to our curriculum in the area of multiplication and applied them to the 2nd grade classes of an elementary school. The plays with multiplication activities were applied to the experimental group while traditional teaching method was used with the current mathematics textbook for the comparative group. We obtained the following conclusions: First, in terms of mathematics achievement, the experimental group who used the plays with multiplication activities based on Skemp's theory didn't show significant difference with the comparative group. Second, it proved that the plays with multiplication activities based on Skemp's theory was more effective for lower level of students than the higher level of students. Third, the plays with multiplication activities based on Skemp's theory have positive effects on improving students' attitudes toward mathematics. We need to use the plays with multiplication activities based on Skemp's theory in the classrooms and find problems with the applying the activities. In addition, we need to develop a more various activities based on Skemp's theory for a better teaching.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.233-243
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• 2013

The Erlangen program is a scholastic plan by German mathematician Felix Klein, in which he, based on group theory, made a reassessment of geometry as well as an attempt to generally organize it. In this paper, I will introduce the historical and scholastic background of the Erlangen program, overview the process of its formation, and provide some comments regarding its historical significance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

In this paper, we further develop the weak polygroup theory, we define quotient weak polygroup and then the fundamental homomorphism theorem of group theory is derived in the context of weak polygroups. Also, we consider the fundamental relation $\beta$$^{*}$ defined on a weak polygroup and define a functor from the category of all weak polygroups into the category of all fundamental groups.s.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1183-1197
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• 2006

Let X be a smooth, closed, connected spin 4-manifold with $b_1(X)=0$ and signature ${\sigma}-(X)$. In this paper we use Seiberg-Witten theory to prove that if X admits a spin alternating $A_4$ action, then $b^+_2(X)$ ${\geq}$ |${\sigma}{(X)}$|/8+3 under some non-degeneracy conditions.

• 전기의세계
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.256-259
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• 1980

A singular pertubation theory is applied to obtain an approximate solution for suboptimal control of nuclear reactors with spatially distributed parameters. The inverse of the neutron velocity is regarded as a small perturbing parameter, and the model, adopted for simplicity, is a cylindrically symmetrical reactor whose dynamics are described by the one group diffusion equation with one delayed neutron group. The Helmholtz mode expansion is used for the application of the optimal theory for lumped parameter systems to the spatially distributed parameter systems. An asymptotic expansion of the feedback gain matrix is obtained with construction of the boundary layer correction up to the first order.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.728-730
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• 2003

Bond lengths, harmonic vibrational frequencies and dissociation energies of TlAt are calculated at ab initio molecular orbital and density functional theory using effective spin-orbit operator and relativistic effective core potentials. Spin-orbit effects estimated from density functional theory are in good agreement with those from ab initio calculations, implying that density functional theory with effective core potentials can be an efficient and reliable methods for spin-orbit interactions. The estimated $R_e$, $ω_e$ and $D_e$ values are 2.937 ${\AA}$, 120 $cm^{-1}$, 1.96 eV for TlAt. Spin-orbit effects generally cause the bond contraction in Group 13 elements and the bond elongation in the Group 17 elements, and spin-orbit effects on Re of TlAt are almost cancelled out. The spinorbit effects on $D_e$ of TlAt are roughly the sum of spin-orbit effects on $D_e$ of the corresponding element hydrides. Electron correlations and spin-orbit effects are almost additive in the TlAt molecule.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 2013

Objectives In the theory of Korean medicine, rice straw (RS) has been used effectively as treatments for dyspepsia, diarrhea, enteritis, inflammatory epigastric diseases and various dermatitis. However, the theory has not been studied intensively yet about anti-inflammatory effects for human. This study was to investigate effects of RS for a treatment of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobezene (DNCB) in mice. Methods In this experiment, effects of RS were investigated on changes in body weights, dorsum skin thickness, clinical aspects on the dorsum skin, spleen and body weight among these four groups; normal group (NOR), control group (CON), RS spread group (RSS) and RS spread and administer group (RSS+Adm). In addition, the effects on proliferations of splenocytes were also investigated in vitro and in vivo study. Results RSS group and RSS+Adm group showed increasing in body weights, diminished dorsum skin thickness and treated dermatitis on dorsum skin. In RSS+Adm group, spleen weights were lowered significantly compared to CON group. Conclusions In conclusion, these data suggest that RS can decrease symptoms of ACD significantly, and it shows the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effect as well. Therefore, RS can be useful to treat patients with ACD.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of integrated menopause management program derived theoretical framework of King (1981)'s goal attainment theory model for middle aged women. Methods: This research was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects of this study were 37 middle aged women in Busan and experiencing menopause; 17 for the experimental group and 20 for the control group. Experimental group was educated for 1 hour group interchange activity and five minutes individual interchange activity, once a week during 8 weeks. Measurement for comparison were taken two times, at baseline, 8wks. The effects were evaluated with menopause symptom, menopause knowledge, menopause attitude and menopause management. Results: The experimental group was significantly lower than control group on menopause symptom (F=5.936, p=.010) and higher than control group on menopause knowledge (F=12.031, p=.001) and menopause management (F=5.861, p=.010) after integrated menopause management program. However integrated menopause management program did not make significant differences on menopause attitude (F=0.105, p=.374). Conclusion: Results indicate that integrated menopause management program could be an effective intervention decreasing menopause symptom and for increasing menopause knowledge, menopause management in middle aged women.