• 정보화정책
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.69-91
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• 2023

기술 발전이 고용에 미치는 영향은 자동화에 의한 대체 또는 새로운 업무 도입에 따른 고용 증가 등 여전한 논쟁의 대상이다. 특히 인공지능 기술 발전과 고용에 대한 실증 논의는 더욱 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 자연어처리 기법(SBERT)과 특허를 이용하여 직업별 인공지능 노출 점수를 계산하고 평균 점수를 기준으로 상위 집단과 하위 집단으로 구분하여 집단별 고용 추세를 분석한다. 자연어처리 기법을 통해 한국 특허와 미국 직업의 업무 설명을 연계하는 인공지능 노출 점수 계산 방식과 한미 표준직업분류 연계 방식을 제시하고 이를 국내 고용 통계에 적용하여 추세를 분석한다. 2013년 이후 국내 인공지능 출원 특허와 통계청 지역별고용조사를 분석한 결과 한국의 고용은 시간이 지남에 따라 평균 이상의 인공지능 노출 집단에서 우상향하고, 평균 이하 집단에서는 우하향하는 K자형 양극화 양상을 보인다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.351-363
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• 2012

본 연구는 부존광체 평가기술 개발을 위해 수행된 것으로 황화광물, 산화광물 및 스카른 광물에 대한 모달 함량비(vol%), 입자크기, 조직의 특성에 따라 나타나는 광대역 유도분극(Spectral Induced Polarization, SIP) 반응특성의 관련성 파악에 초점을 두고 있다. 테스트베드로 강원도 삼척시에 위치한 가곡 연 아연 스카른 광상에서 채취된 9개의 시추코어를 선정하였으며, 이 지역의 연 아연광화대는 캠브리아기 천해성 셰일과 석회암이 혼재된 묘봉슬레이트층과 대륙붕 탄산염 퇴적물로 이루어진 풍촌석회암층의 접촉부를 따라 관입한 백악기 석영몬조니암 성분의 화강반암과의 접촉부를 따라 형성되어 있다. 본 연구에 사용된 9개의 시추코아 시료는 육안 관찰시 비교적 스카른광물 함량이 높으며, SIP 반응이 높은 것(그룹 I), 중간 것(그룹 II), 낮은 것(그룹 III)의 세 개의 그룹으로 구별되고 있다. 그룹 I 암석은 자류철석(25-38 vol.%)과 각섬석(40-55 vol.%)의 모달 함량이 가장 높으며 가장 조립질의 특성을 보이고, 그룹II 시료는 자류철석(7-13 vol.%)의 함량이 비교적 낮으며 석류석(44-68 vol.%)의 모달 함량이 높고 광물 입자는 대체로 세립으로 나타난다. 그룹 III 암석은 자류철석(1-7 vol.%)의 모달 함량이 가장 낮고 휘석(24-66 vol.%)의 함량이 가장 높으며, 광물입자는 매우 세립질인 것이 특징이다. 암석을 구성하고 있는 주요 광물인 자류철석의 입자크기도 그룹 I (≅ 5 mm, < 2.5 mm)에서 그룹 II (< 2.5 mm), 그룹 III (< 1.6 mm)으로 가면서 세립화되는 경향을 보인다. 이들 세 그룹의 자류철석의 모달 함량, 입자의 크기는 SIP반응 상관관계 다이아그램에서 체계적인 지수함수의 관련성을 가지고 대비된다. SIP 반응특성과 황화광물의 모달함량비 사이에 이러한 체계적인 관련성이 존재한다는 것은 부존광체 평가기술 개발에 의미 있는 데이터를 도출하게 될 것으로 여겨진다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.329-333
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• 2013

SiOC films were prepared by capacitively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition, and the correlation between the binding energy by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Arrhenius equation for ionization energy was studied. The ionization energy decreased with increase of the potential barrier, and then the dielectric constant also decreased. The binding energy decreased with increase of the potential barrier. The dielectric constant and electrical characteristic of SiOC film was obtained by Arrhenius equation. The dielectric constant of SiOC film was decreased by lowering the polarization, which was made from the recombination between opposite polar sites, and the dissociation energy during the deposition. The SiOC film with the lowest dielectric constant had a flat surface, which depended on how carbocations recombined with other broken bonds of precursor molecules, and it became a fine cross-linked structure with low ionization energy, which contributed to decreasing the binding energy by Si 2p, C 1s electron orbital spectra and O 1s electron orbital spectra. The dielectric constant after annealing decreased, owing to the extraction of the $H_2O$ group, and lowering of the polarity.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.32-41
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• 1994

In this study, the TSC spectroscopy has been applied to investigate the influence of structural change due to a process of curing reaction on the electrical properties of epoxy composites cured with acid-anhydride. Five TSC peaks appeared in -160-250[.deg.C]: in the low temperature region below glass transition temperature(T$\_$g/), three relaxation mode peaks due to action of side chains, substitution group or terminal groups have been observed, a peak associated with T$\_$g/, appeared in 110[.deg. C] and p peak due to ionic space charges located in 150[.deg.C]. Each peak was separated into elementary peaks by the partial polarization procedure, and the distribution of activation energy and relaxation time were analized to clearify the origin of each peak. Also, overaboundantly added hardener separated a .betha. peak near 10[.deg. C] into two peaks of .betha.$\_$1/(10.deg. C) and .betha.$\_$2/(20.deg. C) according to increasement of forming field, and the separated hardener was oxidated thermally with increasing surrounding temperatures. The expansion of the free volume need in molecular motion and the reduction of the structural packing density through thermal oxidation process increased TSC between .alpha. peak and .betha. peak and decreased T$\_$g/.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.360-365
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• 2017

In this study, ion release and biocompatibility of sintered Ni-Cr-Ti alloy for dental prosthodontics have been researched by corrosion and cell culture test. The microstructures of the alloys were observed by optical microscope, and corrosion behavior was investigated using potentiostat (Model PARSTAT 2273, EG&G, USA). Cell culture was carried out using hGf cell in DMEM (Welgene Inc., South Korea) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Welgene Inc., South Korea) and antibiotic antimycotic solution (Welgene Inc., South Korea). After corrosion and cell culture test, surface morphologies were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. For wettability behaviors, contact angles were measured by wettability test. As the content of Ti increased, the number of pit decreased and the corrosion resistance was improved from anodic polarization test, also, polarization resistance of samples containing Ti remarkably improved as compared with the alloy not containing Ti. The sintered alloy showed a low contact angle due to the pores formed on the surface. The addition of Ti element showed that the cell survival rate was better than that of the control group.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.51-51
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• 2010

Group III-nitride semiconductors have been widely studied as the materials for growth of light emitting devices. Currently, GaN devices are predominantly grown in the (0001) c-plane orientation. However, in case of using polar substrate, an important physical problem of nitride semiconductors with the wurtzite crystal structure is their spontaneous electrical polarization. An alternative method of reducing polarization effects is to grow on non-polar planes or semi-polar planes. However, non-polar and semipolar GaN grown onto r-plane and m-plane sapphire, respectively, basically have numerous defects density compared with c-plane GaN. The purpose of our work is to reduce these defects in non-polar and semi-polar GaN and to fabricate high efficiency LED on non/semi-polar substrate. Non-polar and semi-polar GaN layers were grown onto patterned sapphire substrates (PSS) and nano-porous GaN/sapphire substrates, respectively. Using PSS with the hemispherical patterns, we could achieve high luminous intensity. In case of semi-polar GaN, photo-enhanced electrochemical etching (PEC) was applied to make porous GaN substrates, and semi-polar GaN was grown onto nano-porous substrates. Our results showed the improvement of device characteristics as well as micro-structural and optical properties of non-polar and semi-polar GaN. Patterning and nano-porous etching technologies will be promising for the fabrication of high efficiency non-polar and semi-polar InGaN LED on sapphire substrate.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2008

We investigated how the polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) tolerance was degraded by semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-induced chirp for the 10 Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ), duobinary NRZ, return-to-zero (RZ), and carrier-suppressed RZ (CS-RZ) modulation formats. The power penalty was calculated as a measure of the system performance due to PMD for a given SOA-induced chirp. Considering only first-order PMD, all modulation formats have a similar PMD tolerance regardless of SOA-induced chirp. On the other hand, when both first- and second-order PMD are considered, the PMD tolerance of all modulation formats with the exception of the CS-RZ modulation format are degraded by SOA-induced chirp. Among all modulation formats considered here, the NRZ modulation format has the PMD tolerance with the highest sensitivity to SOA-induced chirp. When the peak-to-peak chirp induced by SOAs is $0.28{\AA}$, its PMD tolerance is degraded up to 4 dB for a differential group delay (DGD) of 50 ps. However, the PMD tolerance of the CS-RZ modulation format is largely unaffected by SOA-induced chirp.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2021

In the developed NMR hyperpolarization techniques, Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) technique is thought to be a promising method to overcome the low sensitivity of bio-NMR/MRI. Most experiments using SABRE have been done in methanol, which is biologically harmful solvent. Therefore, more biological friendly solvent, such as ethanol can be more appropriate solvent to be applicable in bio-NMR and MRI. As the proof of concept, successful hyperpolarization on pyridine via SABRE is carried out in ethanol and its enhancement factor is calculated to be more than 150 folds. To investigate more about its possibility of hyperpolarization in different alcohol solvents, methanol and propanol are used for SABRE in the same condition. The overall polarization trend in different external magnetic field is similar but its polarization number is decreased with higher molecular weight solvents (the order from methanol to propanol). This result indicates that the efficiency of SABRE is different from solvent system despite its same functional group and similar properties. Higher para-hydrogen concentration, higher partial pressure of para-hydrogen, and deuterated solvent can increase the hyperpolarization in any solvents. With these series of successful SABRE results, future studies on SABRE in more biofriendly environment, on more various solvent systems, and with more substrates are needed and it will be the firm basis for applying the SABRE system on the future bio-NMR/MRI.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.304-326
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• 2023

News shows often deliver crosscutting information to their audiences by inviting commentators from rival political parties. If these news shows foster the formation of informed and balanced views of the audience, mass media could provide countermeasures against political polarization. To test the effect of such news shows, this study conducted an experiment with two variants of a simulated radio talk show. In the partisan scenario, the two guest commentators' affiliations suggested their ideological orientation. In the non-partisan scenario, the commentators had neutral affiliations. We divided participants into two ideology groups, liberals and conservative, and compared each group's evaluation of the commentators in the two scenarios. Two multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) tests were conducted to analyze the effect of the perceived ideology of the commentators on respondents' attitudes toward the commentators' arguments depending on their own ideological inclinations. The analyses results did not support the hypothesis that anticipated partisan attitudes towards the commentators' arguments. It was only the liberal respondents who showed statistically significant different attitudes toward commentators' arguments in each of the two scenarios. The findings suggest that such broadcast shows do not automatically trigger partisan message processing and may help the audience to develop informed and balanced opinions. While the current study failed to find conclusive evidence to support the hypotheses, it also found that the perceived ideology of the information source may trigger partisan attitudes for certain types of issues. Future studies with different experiment designs are needed to investigate the issue further.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.408-415
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• 2019

Electroplating is a widely used surface treatment method in the manufacturing process of electronic parts and uniformity of the electrodeposition thickness is very crucial for these applications. Since many variables including fluid flow influence the uniformity of the film, it is difficult to conduct efficient research only by experiments. So many studies using simulation have been carried out. However, the most popular simulation technique, which calculates secondary current distribution, has a limitation on the considering the effects of fluid flow on the deposition behavior. And modified method, which is calculating a tertiary current distribution, is limited to a two-dimensional study of simple shapes because of the massive computational load. In the present study, we propose a new electroplating simulation method that can be applied to complex shapes considering the effect of flow. This new model calculates the electroplating process with three steps. First, the thickness of boundary layers on the surface of the cathode plane and velocity magnitudes at the positions are calculated from the simulation of fluid flow. Next, polarization curves of different velocities are obtained by calculations or experiments. Finally, both results are incorporated into the electroplating simulation program as boundary conditions at the cathode plane. The results of the model showed good agreements with the experimental results, and the effects of fluid flow of electrolytes on the uniformity of deposition thickness was quantitatively predicted.