• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.569-581
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting self-rated health status among the elderly in urban areas. The study subjects were 390 persons aged 65 years and older who had lived more than 5 years in D city. Interviews from the questionnaire were conducted from June through August 2016. The distribution of self-rated health status was rated in terms of dependent variables, with odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals calculated using unconditional logistic models. As a result, 67.2% of the study subjects answered that they were healthy, whereas 32.8% were unhealthy. In the logistic regression analysis, disability and lowered IADL greatly lowered self-rated health status. The group without an occupation, living expenses from governmental subsidies, frequency of relative contents is seldom, anxiety is high, subjective sleep quality is low, satisfaction of daily life is low, had low levels of self-rated health status. Above results suggest that the self-rated health status of the elderly in urban areas is closely related to sociodemographic characteristics, physical health status, social activity participation, and psychosocial factors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1022-1029
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• 2003

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antitumor activities of Cordyceps militaris of silkworm pupa (CMP) and silkworm larva (CML), as compared with the effect of cordycepin, an active compound found in Cordyceps militaris. Antiproliferation effect of the test materials were evaluated in the sarcoma-180 cells using the MTT test. For the in vivo study, ICR mice were inoculated i.p. with 1.0 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ sarcoma-180 cells/mouse on Day 0, and were again i.p. injected with one of the following substances from Day 1 to Day 10 : saline (control group), 50 mg/kg (CMP50, CML50) ,100 ma/kg (CMP100, CML100), or 200 mg/kg (CMP200, CML200) of Cordyceps militaris water extracts, or 1 mg/kg (C1), 2 mg/kg (C2), or 4 mg/kg (C4) of cordycepin. Pretreatment of the sarcoma-180 cells with 100 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, and 1000 mg/ml of CML (60.1$\pm$2.5％, 49.8$\pm$3.7％, and 45.4$\pm$0.1％ of the value for untreated control cells, respectively) or CMP (68.3$\pm$2.1％, 55.1$\pm$0.9％, and 51.4$\pm$3.5％ of the value for control cells, respectively) for 48 hrs significantly decreased the survival rate (proliferation) of tumor cells (p<0.05). Body weight of the control mice bearing ascites tumor and injected with saline was 1.4 times of the value for normal animals at day 18. Mice bearing ascites tumor and injected with cordycepin (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg) exhibited a significantly lighter body weight compared with the control mice, while animals injected with CMP or CML (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) showed a significantly lighter body weight compared with the mice injected with cordycepin. Mice injected with CMP50, CMP100, or CMP200 mg/kg (or CML50, CML100, or CML200 mg/kg) showed a 133％ (or 90％), 80％ (or 62％), and 68％ (or 52％) longer mean survival time, and those treated with C1, C2, or C4 exhibited a 54％, 91％ and 80％ longer survival time compared to the value for control mice injected with saline. These results indicate that the hot-water extracts of Cordyceps militaris of both silkworm pupa and silkworm larva have an anti-proliferation effect of tumor cells as well as the life prolongation effect in mice bearing ascites tumor, which are superior to the activities of cordycepin.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.170-178
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• 1990

The aim of the study was to investigate prevalence of obesity among housewives residing in apartments in Taegu city and any relationship of obesity with various factors. Hundred three housewives aged 30-49 years living in apartments (over 30 pyung) were interviewed for socio-economic status, food habit, food intake by a convenient questionnaire, and daily activity by the 24-hour recall. Their weight, height and triceps skinfold thickness were measured. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The percentages of subjects and their spouses with college and higher education were as much as 53.6% and 83.5%, respectively. The commonest family size was four members with two children. 2) The percentages of subjects classified as underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity according to relative body weight(RBW) were 4.9, 44.7, 24.3 and 26.2, respectively. Twenty four percent belonged to obese group according to body mass index(BMI$\geq$25). 3) Food habit score was 12.4 points in average and judged 'good'. The average of daily energy intake was 2247㎉ which corresponded to 112% of RDA and intakes of nutrients except iron exceeded RDA. The means of food habit score and energy intake were not significantly different among 4 groups. 4) Multiple regression analysis was tested to explain a relationship between fatness and various factors. The equation, BMI=25.216+(0.836$\times$family size)-(0.309$\times$education, years)-(0.00503$\times$household work time, minutes), indicates that fatness of housewives was related with family size(+), educational level(-) and household work time(-). These relationships were statistically significant(p<0.001) and R2 (coefficient of determination) was 0.237.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1066-1075
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• 2017

This study was carried out to determine the functional works and basic ingredients of Sagoonja-Tang on sponge cake. The experimental groups consisted of 6% mixtures of five (Ed-confirm the number) kinds powders : S1 for Sagoonja-Tang powder, S2 for Panax ginseng, S3 for Poria cocos, Koidz, S4 for Atractylodes macrocephala, and S5 for Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. The volume of sponge cake somewhat decreased after adding the ingredients, and the volume differences in order from highest to lowest, were control>S1>S3>S2>S4>S5. In the microbiological quality test, viable cell counts were high in control groups of sponge cake, and the numbers of viable cell for control sponge cake reached to $9{\times}10^7CFU/g$ on the 7th day of storage, and decreased to $2.5{\times}10^5CFU/g$ on the 10th day of storage. All sponge cakes added with ingredient's powder showed pretty low viable cell counts. Especially, the group S5 showed the lowest counts of $1.2{\times}10^2CFU/g$ on the 7th day of storing. In the texture analyses of sponge cake, All groups showed higher degree of hardness, gumminess and chewiness than SC. The antioxidative activity of the Sagoonja-Tang's ingredients was measured. The POV value measured was S5>S4>S3>S2 >S1>control in order of highest to lowest. In sensory test, the overall acceptability of sponge cake was from highest to lowest S3>SC S2>S1>S5>S4.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1004-1009
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• 2001

Acid hydrolysates of cocoon was gained by acid hydrolysis of 2 N HCl, 11$0^{\circ}C$, 48 hours, neutralization and desalting from the cocoon. The amino acid compositions of acid hydrolysates of cocoon were glycine 43.25%, alanine 34.39%, serine 10.05% and valine 2.44%. The contents of essential amino acid was 10.05%. Food efficiency ratio of acid hydrolysates of cocoon group was equal to the reference protein, casein. Liver weight, GOT, GPT activity, serum albumin and serum total protein level of rats were not significantly different among the experimental groups. Therefore, the protein acid hydrolysates of cocoon is not of high quality. When the rat fed with high cholesterol, high lipid, and high sucrose diet was administered with 5% acid hydrolysates of cocoon, its plasma lipids concentration of acid hydrolysates of cocoon was favorably affected: its triglyceride was decreased, and the level of phospholipid and HDL cholesterol were increased. There was also an unfavorable effect: the levels of LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol went up. Therefore, the acid hydrolysates of cocoon is not a good protein food source, but is can be used a cosmetic, medical, or packing material. Further research will reveal how it will affect or improve plasma lipid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.965-972
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• 2004

In the present study, it is observed that Monascus diet may have a hepatoprotective effect on the liver damage induced by bromobenzene in rats. By treatment with bromobenzene (400 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for 3 consecutive days, the liver damage was reduced in rats fed 2% Monascus diet, based on the liver functional and histopathological findings. Furthermore, retreatment of bromobenzene to the animals with damaged liver showed higher decreasing rate of hepatic glutathione content and increasing rate of cytochrome P450 dependent aniline hydroxylase activity at 4 h in rats fed 2% Monascus diet than those fed STD diet, and V$_{max}$ in glutathione S-transferase was higher in liver of rats fed 2% Monascus diet than those fed STD diet. On the other hand, activities of antioxidant enzymes such as hepatic glutathione S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were generally higher both in bromobenzene and 2% Monascus diet treated group than those fed STD diet. In conclusion, the rats fed 2% Monascus diet showed lower liver damage than those fed STD diet, which may be due to the acceleration of bromobenzene metabolism and detoxication of oxygen free radicals.s.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.11-17
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• 2012

This study was conducted to clarify the effect of horticultural therapy on activities of daily living and interpersonal relation of institutionalized intellectual disabilities. The experiment was performed with 8 controls and 8 experiments of J institution in Yongdam, Jeju. Horticultural therapy program was performed once a week for 2 hours total 20 times from Mar. 2009 through mid July 2009. Evaluation in activities of daily living indicated that all functions except eating showed no change or worsened in controls, however, all functions except moving were improved in experimental subjects. Interpersonal relation evaluation showed no difference from 42.25 to 42.25 in control, but increased 8.62 points from 41.75 to 50.37 showing very significant change at the level of 99% in experimental subjects. Group activity evaluation increased very significantly at the level of 99% in physical/perceptual abilities, social interaction, cognitive ability, emotion status, and vocational interests. From the above results, horticultural therapy proved effectively in activities of daily living and interpersonal relation of institutionalized intellectual disabilities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2016

To generate information that contributes to climate change risk management, it is important to perform a precise assessment on the impact in diverse aspects. Considering this academic necessity, Japanese government launched continuous research project for the climate change impact assessment, and one of the representative project is Program for Risk Information on Climate Change (Sousei Program), Theme D; Precise Impact Assessment on Climate Change (FY2012 ~ FY2016). In this research program, quantitative impact assessments have been doing from a variety of perspectives including natural hazards, water resources, and ecosystems and biodiversity. Especially for the natural hazards aspect, a comprehensive impact assessment has been carried out with the worst-case scenario of typhoons, which cause the most serious weather-related damage in Japan, concerning the frequency and scale of the typhoons as well as accompanying disasters by heavy rainfall, strong winds, high tides, high waves, and landslides. In this presentation, a framework of comprehensive impact assessment with the worst-case scenario under the climate change condition is introduced based on a case study of Theme D in Sousei program There are approx. 25 typhoons annually and around 10 of those approach or make landfall in Japan. The number of typhoons may not change increase in the future, but it is known that a small alteration in the path of a typhoon can have an extremely large impact on the amount of rain and wind Japan receives, and as a result, cause immense damage. Specifically, it is important to assess the impact of a complex disaster including precipitation, strong winds, river overflows, and high tide inundation, simulating how different the damage of Isewan Typhoon (T5915) in 1959 would have been if the typhoon had taken a different path, or how powerful or how much damage it would cause if Isewan Typhoon occurs again in the future when the sea surface water temperature has risen due to climate changes (Pseudo global warming experiment). The research group also predict and assess how the frequency of "100-years return period" disasters and worst-case damage will change in the coming century. As a final goal in this research activity, the natural disaster impact assessment will extend not only Japan but also major rivers in Southeast Asia, with a special focus on floods and inundations.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.473-479
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• 2019

Gryllus bimaculatus (GB) has recently been registered as a food variety in Korea. In the present study, we prepared protein hydrolysates from GB and evaluated their antioxidant capacity. Protein hydrolysates were prepared from dried GB using enzymatic hydrolysis using five different proteases, and protein hydrolysates showing high hydrolysis value (alcalase, flavourzyme, and neutrase) were separated further into fractions ${\leq}3kDa$ and then lyophilized. Based on $RC_{50}$ values of hydrolysates (${\leq}3kDa$) obtained from four different antioxidant analyses, the flavourzyme hydrolysates showed relatively high levels of antioxidant capacity among the three hydrolysates, and in particular, it showed considerably strong antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The flavourzyme hydrolysate also significantly inhibited peroxidation of linoleic acid. These results suggest that protein hydrolysates from GB represent potential sources of natural antioxidants. Our current studies are focused on identification of active peptides from the flavourzyme hydrolysate.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.315-327
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• 2019

Back analysis has been used to evaluate the factor of safety and circular failure plane at the landfill failure site. However, the estimated circular failure plane by back analysis is quite different from what is observed in the field. Thus, this study was conducted to estimate an actual shear failure plane inside the ground which gives a more accurate failure plane. Cone penetration test (CPT), boring test, soft X-ray image scan, density logging, and ultrasonic logging were conducted at the field and laboratory. The result of CPT showed significantly lower cone resistance, pore pressure, and undrained shear strength at a particular part. This part is a possible shear failure plane inside the ground. To validate, the soft X-ray scan images were analyzed and found the disturbed (inclined) bedding plane induced by shear activity at the estimated shear failure plane. Density and ultrasonic logging tests also found a similar result. Thus, the method in this study is possible to estimate the shear failure plane inside the ground.