• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.7 no.1 s.23
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• pp.79-84
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• 2007

Selection of proper root barrier as destination part of greening is very important in Root penetration resistance plan. To select proper root barrier, it need to understand composition of greening part, size, kind of plant, connection with waterproofing layer. In this point of view, we have establish greening on the roof or concrete structure, not been understand the structural mechanism. It means that we misunderstood about purpose of greening and using it. So, chosen materials and construction method was not proper for greening, it caused water leakage and decrease performance of concrete structure. Therefore, we would suggest 5 items of test methods considering environmental condition for green roof. Watertightness by water of greening part, root penetration resistance test by root penetration, bacteria resistance by must or bacteria in soil, chemical resistance by rain and chemical agent of fertilizer, and load resistance by soil depth, size of plant. These suggested test methods could be referred as guideline to test in green roof system because of not exist any performance appraisal guideline or standard. Consequently, it should be analysis as technical and institutional subdividing test methods and it need to study constantly as varied angles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.5-8
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• 2007

Selection of proper root barrier as destination part of greening is very important in Root penetration resistance plan. To select proper root barrier, it need to understand composition of greening part, size, kind of plant, connection with waterproofing layer. In this point of view, we have establish greening on the roof or concrete structure, not been understand the structural mechanism. It means that we misunderstood about purpose of greening and using it. So, chosen materials and construction method was not proper for greening, it caused water leakage and decrease performance of concrete structure. Therefore, we examine the practical use of copper sheet considering environmental condition for green roof. Watertightness by water of greening part, root penetration resistance test by root penetration, bacteria resistance by must or bacteria in soil, chemical resistance by rain and chemical agent of fertilizer, and load resistance by soil depth, sire of plant. These suggested test methods could be referred as guideline to test in green roof system because of not exist any performance appraisal guideline or standard. Consequently, it should be analysis as technical and institutional subdividing test methods and it need to study constantly as varied angles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2012

With the rise of BIM application and green building assessment, studies on assessment of CO₂ emissions from buildings using BIM are needed. In accordance with the requirements, this study aims at developing BIM Template database, as a part of development of CO₂ assessment technology using BIM. Based on the research of construction materials, this study develops database by applying Procurement Agency Item Code to BIM Template. The results of this research makes it possible to assess CO₂ emissions of materials with BIM Template and building data modeling implementation.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 2014

To recycle coal bottom ash(denoted here as CBA) generated from thermal power plants as a functional construction material, artificial soil(denoted as AS) containing CBA with dredged soil(denoted as DS) at a ratio(wt%) of 70 : 30 was manufactured by means of material engineering with sintering in a rotary kiln at $1125^{\circ}C$ using a green body formed via extrusion processing. The properties of the soil mechanics of the AS and the as-received CBA were analyzed and compared. Compaction testing results determined an optimum moisture content of the AS and CBA at 18%. During these tests, the maximum dry unit weights of the materials were similar, at 1.57 and 1.58 $t/m^3$, respectively. The compressive strength levels of the AS and CBA concrete specimens were 5.1 and 5.4 $t/m^3$, respectively, both of which increased after materials engineering processing. In a consolidation test, the compression index of the AS and CBA was found to be $0.114{\pm}0.001$ in both cases. The values were similar regardless of the materials engineering processes, but during the consolidation of AS, its coefficient was higher than that of the CBA materials.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.234-240
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• 2010

In October 2009, the Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs noticed 'Environment-friendly housing construction standards and performance' to build energy saving environment-friendly housings (Green Homes) for the reduction of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission. In this study, the $CO_2$ emissions were evaluated during the life cycle of the existing apartments which were built in 1980's and Green Home apartment. $LCCO_2$ was evaluated by dividing the life cycle into three stages which are construction, maintenance and destruction stage. $CO_2$ emission from the materials for improving insulation performance was estimated by Input-output analysis. As a result, in 40 year-life cycle of $84\;m^2$ apartment, 400.68 T-$CO_2$ was emitted from 1980's apartment, on the other hand 231.02 T-$CO_2$ was emitted from Green Home apartment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.37-49
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• 2007

This study investigated how external environmentally-friendly factors adopted to improve the quality of outdoor spaces have been designed and used in the construction of apartment complexes. The goal of this study is to determine what areas should be improved through environmentally-friendly ways to create natural outdoor spaces in apartment complexes and enhance their availability and usefulness. For this study, 21 environmentally-friendly factors were chosen and a checklist by specific item was prepared. This study examine how these items were applied to basic planning, detail design, and construction in 4 target areas. As a result, it was found that the development of environmentally-friendly residential areas was an ultimate goal of the project during basic planning and design. All target areas focused on developing an inner greens network, eco-pond, brook, and pedestrian track as well as the growth of a variety of plants. Some differences have been observed, however, in terms of method. Furthermore, due to economic and technological problems and poor construction site conditions, green walls/green roofs/pedestrian tracks/use of rainwater have not been properly promoted. These kinds of problems must be improved through the development of environmentally-friendly construction methods and materials, the expansion of natural grounds areas, economic support, a satisfactory repair and maintenance system.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.176-185
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• 2013

(Background)In modern industrial society, the design industry failed to observe the law of nature, destructing it. Regardless its intention, the design industry destructed the environment so that it can't maintain the future life because of waste and disaster. For the purpose, it is important to adopt the technology to reuse the waste resource generated by building or minimize the damage to environment for the resource that can't be recycled. (Methods)On the assumption that the material and resource can be an alternative plan for the design that can make environment be sustained, the study analyzed materials and resources out of superior office space of USA, which were selected by LEED Green Building Rating System. (Results)The analysis result revealed that all cases reused main structural part of existing building and indoor and various materials were reused or recycled. Especially, the materials without or with low amount of VOCs and formaldehyde were used. In order to reduce construction waste, the finish of existing building was exposed as it was, 50% of reused materials were used or disassemblable materials were used. When regional materials are used, there is an advantage to reduce transportation cost and recycle the materials rapidly. Lastly, the environment-friendly certified by FSC was used in all cases. (Conclusion)After all, the material is one of the space design strategies sensitive to environment so it is important to select good material. Harmless, environment-friendly materials applied to sustainable office space contribute to the creation of healthy environment. In addition, the use of recycled materials and reused materials to minimize waste is also essential factor for creating sustainable space.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.73-79
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• 2016

Purpose: In order to improve the energy performance of existing buildings, so actively promoted green remodeling business. Also, improvement of the performance of envelope system of apartment housing is an absolute. The purpose of implementation of the data base and application plan of the envelope system for green remodeling of apartment housing. Method: For this study, It proposed a classification system of green remodeling envelope system constructed actual to select the applicable representative method and input material of apartment housing for green remodeling. In this study, divided into construction waste processing stage and production phase of the material for the boundary of the system, and implementation the classification system of the envelope system for applicable green remodeling. For this, established 6 environmental impact categories database. Result: As a result of various suggestions were available for case study research, alternative combinations of existing combinations than six kinds of environmental impact insulation system with superior input materials combining 96 kinds, window system, 12 kinds for determining the applicability of the established database. Depending on the account for a large proportion if compared to the detailed analysis of the environmental impact resulting from the production phase and disposal phase was analyzed that the operating management of the necessary input materials. Is considered that the economic performance and integrated energy performance required by the applicable public housing green remodeling evaluation techniques considered for future improvements insulation sheath.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.230-231
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• 2014

This study is concerned with the root penetration resistance competence and constructability of a waterproofing and root penetration resistance layer of an eco-bridge which is applied with various types of seeding. For the review of root penetration resistance competence, the competence was tested using herbs, woody plants, and tall trees. As a result, there was no tear of or damage to the waterproofing and root penetration resistance layer as well as the sweeping-down phenomenon of a waterproofing and root penetration resistance layer by soil. Also, the effect of the root growth of herbs, woody plants, and tall trees on the root penetration resistance system was confirmed.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 2020

As confining materials for concrete, steel and fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have important applications in both the seismic retrofit of existing reinforced concrete columns and in the new construction of composite structures. We present a comprehensive review of the axial stress-strain behaviour of the FRP-confined concrete column. Next, the mechanical performance of the hybrid FRP-confined concrete-steel composite columns are comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, the results of FRP-confined concrete column experiments and FRP-confined circular concrete-filled steel tube experiments are presented to study the interaction relationship between various material sections. Finally, the combinations of material sections are discussed. Based on these observations, recommendations regarding future research directions for composite columns are also outlined.