• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.615-618
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• 2018

The central giant cell granuloma is a benign tumor seen generally in the mandible, but rarely in other cranial bones. Herein, we present a 51-year-old man with central giant cell granuloma in the right zygomatic bone. Physical and radiologic examinations of the central giant cell granuloma in the zygomatic bone showed that specific and preoperative diagnosis is usually difficult. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility that central giant cell granuloma may occur in the zygomatic bone mimicking other more frequently observed lesions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.92-95
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• 2020

Tracheal granuloma, the most commonly reported sequela of pediatric tracheotomy. A variety of techniques are available for the management of tracheal granuloma. Potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser has been previously established as an acceptable technique for removal of laryngeal surgery, which emits a green light with a wave length of 532 nm, which is well-absorbed by hemoglobin and can coagulate and vaporize tissue. The ability to deliver laser energy through a flexible glass fiber makes the technique convenient for use with a rigid bronchoscope, overcoming problems with intraluminal access encountered with earlier attempts at CO2 laser therapy for this problem. Another advantage of KTP laser is the avoidance of the risks and morbidity associated with an open procedure. We report our surgical technique KTP laser in the management of tracheal granuloma removal into the tracheostomy site. KTP laser is good tool for management of tracheal granuloma with low incidence of complications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2017

Background and Objectives : This study evaluated the efficacy of combination therapy of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and steroid inhaler (SI), with or without botulinum toxin injection (BTX) for contact granuloma. Subjects and Methods : Fourteen contact granuloma patients were enrolled in this study. Combination therapy of PPI and SI were used for the first line treatment. When combination therapy was not effective, BTX was performed as the second method. Treatment results were recorded as responsible or non-responsible. Farwell grade, size, history of voice abuse, gender, and reflux finding score (RFS) were compared between responsible group and non-responsible group. Results : Initial response rate was 28.6% after treatment of PPI and SI. BTX was performed on three un-responsible patients. After BTX injection, three patients had complete remission of granuloma. Final response rate was 50.0%. Un-responsible group had significantly higher RFS than responsible group. Conclusion : The efficacy of PPI and SI was limited for contact granuloma in this study. Botulium toxin injection was recommended in early phase when PPI and SI did not effective for contact granuloma. Prospective studies evaluating the effects of PPI and SI are warranted.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 1992

This study was executed to measure the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid metabolic products in chronic periapical lesions, to compare the products among periapical granuloma, periapical cyst and chronic periapical abscess, and to understand the pathogensis of chronic periapical lesions. Tissues from 33 chronic periapical lesions of human teeth were enucleated during endodontic surgery. large part of each tissue was contained in liquid nitrogen immediately and the other was examined histologically. In histologically diagnosed 8 cases of periapical granuloma, 9 cases of periapical cyst and 8 cases of chronic periapical abscess. the tissues were homogenatecl and incubated with $_{14}C$-arachidonic acid. Lipid solvent extracts were separated by thin layer chromatography to be analyzed by autoradiography and TLC analyzer. 1. $TXB_2$, 6-keto-$PGF_1{\alpha}$ and $PGE_2$, $LTB_4$, HETEs, and unidentified product which are metabolic products of arachidonic acid were measured in the tissues of chronic peripaical lesions. 2. In all of periapical granuloma, cyst and abscess, the conversion rate of HETEs among all products was the highest(P<0.05), and the percentage of HETEs in total converted products was also the highest(P<0.05). 3. The concentration of each arachidonic acid product was higher in chronic periapical absecss than in periapical granuloma and cyst(P<0.05). The concentration of $TXB_2$ and HETEs in periapical cyst were hight than in periapical granuloma. 4. The relative amounts of total products from lipoxygenase pathway to those from cyclo-oxygenase pathway were about 7 fold in chronic periapical lesions. There was no difference among periapical granuloma, cyst and abscess(P<0.05). The total amount of products from each pathway were higher in chronic periapical abscess than in periapical cyst and granuloma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.777-780
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• 2001

Cholesterol granuloma of frontal bone is a rare disease which usually occurs at the lateral part of the supraorbital ridge. This expanding lesion grows slowly and extends into the orbit and anterior cranial fossa. The most common symptom is proptosis. This granuloma is composed of a granulomatous reaction surrounding cholesterol crystals. Surgical treatment involves aspiration of contents and stripping or curettage of the lining which is highly successful. We experienced a case of cholesterol granuloma of frontal bone with huge intracranial extension, which was cured by surgical removal. The clinical features, radiologic, and pathologic finding were discussed and the pertinent literatures were reviewed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2019

In the field of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, botulinum toxins are widely used for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia and vocal tremors. Recently, the applications of botulinum toxin have gradually expanded with time, to include vocal fold granuloma, mutational falsetto, bilateral vocal cord paralysis, and chemical reduction for arytenoid dislocation as an adjunctive modality. According to a nation-wide multicenter study conducted by the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics for treatment modality of contact granuloma, among the various treatment modalities, botulinum toxin injection showed the highest response rate and lowest recurrence rate in both primary and refractory cases. Therefore, botulinum toxin could be reserved as a second-line treatment for contact granuloma in which the first treatment was not effective, but also could be used as a first-line treatment depending on the patient's and institution's situation. For recalcitrant nodules, injection of botulinum toxin into the bilateral thyroarytenoid muscle will reduce glottal contact force and result in a forceful chemical voice rest. In special situations, botulinum toxin injection could be one of the alternative treatment options for recalcitrant vocal nodules.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.472-475
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• 2006

Aspegillosis in free-living birds can be occurred mostly under poor weather and climate. But, captive birds tend to be more susceptible to infection and diagnosis was made usually at post mortem. A two months old Whooper swan(Cygnus c. cygmus) dying suddenly was found in a zoo without prior clinical signs. At necropsy, numerous well- demarcated yellow to white firm nodules were scattered throughout the air sacs and the lungs. Microscopically, granuloma formations were observed in the lung and air sacs. The margin of granuloma was surrounded by connective tissue barrier and was infiltrated with lymphocytes, and also observed giant cell near the granuloma. By Periodic acid Schiff reaction, hyphae were detected in granuloma of lung and air sacs. This case was diagnosed as an invasive pulmonary aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus infection in a Whooper swan at a zoo.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.524-529
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• 1996

200 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated by surgical resection were anlized Bronchial resection margin was examined by microscopic study to detect submucosal tuberculosis granuloma. 6 cases of bronchopleural fistula that occurred after resection were also asnalized to fond any relation with submucosal granuloma. Among 200 cases, 19 cases (9.5%) showed submucosal granu- loma. Of the 19 cases, 2 cases (10.5%) developed ea ly and late bronchopleural fistula On the con- trary, only 2.2% developed in granuloma negative cases. Granuloma positive cases were mote fre- quently seen in preoperative sputum positive cases and showed incidence of residual pleural dead space resection.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 2007

Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is an uncommon benign lesion that is most commonly found in the mandible and maxialla, and is a very rare condition in finger. We report an unusual case of GCRG arising in the index finger of a 21-year-old man. Histology was characteristic of giant cell reparative granuloma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.424-430
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• 1993

Pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma or histiocytosis X is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by proliferations of Langerhans cells and, therefore, not truly histiocytosis. Both histiocytes and Langerhans cells are believed to be related to the mononuclear phagocyte system. In Eosinophilic granuloma, extra-pulmonary such as mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes involvement is very rare in adult. We report a case of young man with eosinophilic granuloma involving lung and anterior mediastinal lymph node simultaneously which is confirmed by open thoracotomy.