• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.109-129
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• 1995

Many patients with malignancies of the head and neck undergo radiation therapy, either as the only method of treatment or in combination with surgery. Radiation therapy has great effect in the case of fairly advanced malignancies which can't be operated radically. But the complication of radiation therapy arise because of damage to the peri- and operated area. It is fully known that irradiated tissue shows retarded healing process in the skin, mucosa and especially vascuslar tissue. The purpose of this study was to observe the healing process of irradiated free or island flap after operation. As Experimental Models, Femoral arterial and venous anastomosis (Group 1), Epigastric-island flap (Group 2) and free Epigastric falp(Group 3) with irradiated postoperative 24 hrs were made on 30 rats/group. As Control Model(Group 4), Free Epigastric flap was not irradiated after operation was chosen on 30 rats. The amount of irradiation was single fraction of 20 Gy using as linear megavoltage accelerator. Difference between Experimental and Control group was evaluated by the method of clinical examination, histopatholoical findings, biochemical analysis and DNA activity at postoperative 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The results were as follows, 1. Skin color and new epithelization in group 2 and 3 was similar to control group clinically. 2. Postoperarive patency of femoral artery and vien showed 5% and 22% of ischemity. 3. The externa, media and intima of irradiated femoral artery and vein were similar to control group histopathlogically. 4. Granulation and collagen tissue accumulation of irradiated groups were more active due to degenerative and fibrotic changes than control group at postoperative 7 days histopathologically. 5. The hydroxyproline content of all experimental groups were reduced till 14 days and the group 2 was most prominent at postoperative 7 and 28 days(p<0.05). 6. DNA activities of all groups were reduced till 3 days, but begun to recover at 7 days and more activities in control group than irradiated group(p<0.05). Based on the above results, the clinical healing process of free flaps with irradiated postoperative 24 hrs little difference from control group without complications.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.77-81
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• 2007

Foreign body aspiration is a cause of the accidental death at home. Therefore, early intervention and proper management is important. A bronchoscopy is indicated whenever there is a suggestive history and medical opinion. Occasionally, foreign body removal with bronchoscopy may be fail. But, on the situation, there is no definite recommended standard management. We experienced two cases of bronchial foreign body could not be removed with bronchoscopy at first intervention. The one was diagnosed too late. Endobronchial granulation tissue and edema made it impossible to find the foreign body at first bronchoscopy. After steroid and antibiotic therapy, foreign body could be removed with secondary bronchoscopy. Another was bronchial foreign body jammed tightly bronchus intermedius. Even after medical therapy, patient got aggravated. So foreign body was removed with bronchotomy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of coblation resection for the treatment of laryngotracheal disease. Methods : We conducted a retrospective review, evaluating 7 patients with laryngotracheal disease treated using coblator. Information collected included demographic data of the patients, diagnosis, size and location of the disease, procedure time, the number of previous operation, and the postoperative complication. Results : Among the etiology, granulation is most frequent (n=4), followed by recurrent repiratory papillomatosis (n=2) and tracheal stenosis (n=1). The location of lesions was peristomal area (n=2), glottis (n=2), subglottis (n=2) and mid-trachea. Coblation resection could remove the lesions completely and there was no significant complication including local burn, bleeding, and hypertrophic scar. The procedure time was shorter than the previous operation using $CO_2$ laser. Conclusion : Coblation resection is an effective and safe method for layngotracheal disease and can substitute the classic method such as $CO_2$ laser.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2014

This article presents the successful surgical management of a failed mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) orthograde obturation of a tooth with a history of impact trauma and perforated internal root resorption. A symptomatic maxillary lateral incisor with a history of perforation due to internal root resorption and nonsurgical repair using MTA was referred. Unintentional overfill of the defect with MTA had occurred 4 yr before the initial visit. The excess MTA had since disappeared, and a radiolucent lesion adjacent to the perforation site was evident radiographically. Surgical endodontic retreatment was performed using calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement as a repair material. Histological examination of the lesion revealed granulation tissue with chronic inflammation, and small fragments of MTA encapsulated within fibroconnective tissue. At the one and two year follow up exams, all signs and symptoms of disease had resolved and the tooth was functional. Complete radiographic healing of the lesion was observed two years after the initial visit. This case report illustrates how the selection of an appropriate approach to treatment of a perforation can affect the long term prognosis of a tooth. In addition, extrusion of MTA into a periradicular lesion should be avoided.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1320-1323
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• 2001

SAPHO syndrome is an acronym for an increasingly recognized syndrome of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis. Most of the previously reported case are from Japan and Europe. The authors report a case of SAPHO syndrome in Korean female who presented with extrasternal neurologic symptoms. A 60-year-old female with thoracic and right chest wall pain presented with the sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis, and recurrent aseptic osteitis. Previously, she had hystrectomy and thyroidectomy due to uterine malignancy 25 years ago. Also, she started to take medications for palm and sole pustulosis 7 days prior to admission. Through evaluation of clinical, radiological, serological studies, studies was done along with bone needle biopsy for the biological reassessment. The hyperostosis was found in the pedicles of thoracic 8, 9, 10 vertebrae and sternoclavicular joint. Radio-isotope bone scan showed an accumulation of tracer in thoracic vertebra. The bone biopsy from these site showed increased osseous turnover, thickening of trabeculae accompanied by mild acculuation of granulation tissue and round cell infiltration, compatible with mild chronic inflammation with marrow fibrosis. The patient showed good response to conservative management. The authors report a case of SAPHO syndrome with thoracic radiculopathy. It is considered that SAPHO syndrome is related to spondyloarthropathy, and appears to have benign disease process with good prognosis.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.417-423
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• 2010

In this study, an effective method to prepare granular binderless ZSM-5 which is as efficient p-xylene separatory adsorbent was explored. Colloidal silica sol 30 wt% solution as an inorganic binder and microcrystalline cellulose as an organic additive were added to ZSM-5 powder ($SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ = 50). Adsorbent with enough strength (0.721 kgf), high crystallinity (94.6%) and high BET specific surface area ($379.2m^2$/g) was obtained by calcination, binderless treatment, ${NH_4}^+$ ion exchange, and activation after spherical granulation process. A batch type adsorption experiment was proceeded with solutions comprising 3 xylene isomers by 1 : 1 : 1 weight ratio to evaluate adsorption characteristics of prepared absorbent. As a result, the obtained binderless ZSM-5 granule showed a higher selective adsorption performance for para-xylene than that of commercial adsorbent.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.474-481
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• 2012

The periodontal flap surgery is the most widely utilized surgical procedure to reduce the pocket depth and to access the subgingival root surfaces for scaling and root planing. The diagnosis of the periodontal lesion and the objective of the surgery will dictate the type of flap procedure which will be utilized to obtain the best result. The incisions, type of flap and the selection of suturing design must be planned and executed to fit the problem. Periodontal flaps are designed to preserve gingival integrity and to gain access to root surfaces for residual calculus removal and to thoroughly remove granulation tissue so bone defects can be visualized and treated. Gentle and efficient procedures result in optimum healing and minimal postoperative pain. When flaps need to be repositioned apically or less often, coronally, then the flaps must sit passively at the appropriate level before suturing. To ensure this, buccal and lingual flaps need to be elevated beyond the mucogingival junction so the elasticity of the mucosa allows for flap mobility. Sometimes it may be necessary to extend the flap elevation apically with a split incision approach to minimize the effect of the less elastic periosteum. Vertical incisions can aid in flap positioning by allow ing the clinician to suture the flap at a different level to the adjacent untreated gingiva. In osseous periodontal surgery, flaps are apically positioned to minimize postoperative pocket depth. In regenerative periodontal surgery including implant surgery, soft tissue cove rage of bony defects, graft materials, membranes, and bio logic agents is important so sulcular incisions and light suturing techniques are crucial.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2009

Sex differentiation and gonad development were investigated in a marine medaka species, Oryzias dancena (Beloniformes; Teleostei). The average time to hatch was 11 days post-fertilization (dpf) at $25^{\circ}C$. Primordial germ cell (PGC) was first observed at 5 dpf and migrated to presumptive gonadal area between the gut and pronephric duct at 9 dpf. Male and female gonads were morphologically differentiated at 12 days post-hatching (dph). Early oocytes at perinucleolus stage as well as the formation of spermatid and efferent duct were observed at 28 dph. At 6 weeks of age, the ovary exhibited yolk granulation in many oocytes, while testis possessed a considerable number of spermatogonia and spermatids. The first ovulation was observed in 9-week-old females, and at the same age, males contained fully-matured spermatozoa. Data obtained in this study indicate that the gonad differentiation of O. dancena is the typical type of differentiated gonochorism.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 2013

Except for special situations, it is generally agreed that best results in the treatment of facial fractures is expected if reduction is done within the first 2 or 3 weeks after injury. We reduced facial bone fractures at 4 to 7 weeks after trauma. A 44-year-old female patient underwent open reduction for her right zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture at 7 weeks after injury. A 59-year-old female patient underwent surgery for the right mandible body and left parasymphysis fractures at 4 weeks after injury. Using traditional approaches, granulation tissue and callus were removed from the fracture sites, and malunited fracture lines were separated by a small osteotome. We reduced the displaced fractured zygoma and mandible to their normal anatomical positions and fixed them using titanium plates. No complications such as asymmetry, malunion, malocclusion, or trismus were seen. Unfavorable asymmetric facial contours were corrected, and we obtained good occlusion with favorable bony alignment. The functional and aesthetic outcomes were satisfactory. Through removal the callus and limited osteotomy, a successful approach to the previously fractured line was possible, and an exact correction with symmetry was obtained. This method can be a good option for obtaining good mobility and clinical results in treating delayed facial bone fractures.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.68-71
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the results of culture test at the time of removal of metal devices used for management of ankle fractures and for analysis of contributing factors. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of 132 patients with lower tibia and ankle fracture who had their metal devices removed during the period from January 2010 to February 2014. Patients with clinical signs of infection were excluded. Culture test was performed by taking the granulation tissue around the metal device at the time of removal. We divided the subjects into two groups, culture positive and negative. We then performed a retrospective review of each medical record of multiple factors that might contribute to the culture results, including laboratory results, medical history, material and size of metal device, indwelling period, and whether or not it was open injury. Results: Among 132 cases, six were culture positive. Enterococcus was detected in two cases and the others were Staphylococcus. No significant difference in medical history of patients and laboratory results, including C-reactive protein level, was observed between the culture positive and negative group. Culture positive rate was 5.4% in titanium and 3.9% in stainless steel. In terms of metal size, culture positive rate was 5.1% in small plates, 6.7% in large plates, and culture negative in intramedullary nails. The average indwelling period of metal device was 61.5 weeks in the culture positive group, and 68.6 weeks in the negative group. Nine cases were open fractures and all were in the culture negative group. Conclusion: Whether or not the culture result was positive, there were no meaningful contributing factors. Presence of bacterium on the metal device could not be screened by any laboratory results or other factors.